1. Shi Ming explained things with sound training, which opened the road of seeking righteousness with sound and promoted the emergence of ancient rhyme books. Ming Shi is also a masterpiece of phonology in Han dynasty, which provides reliable materials for the study of phonology in late Han dynasty and ancient phonology. What is particularly valuable is that Ming Shi recorded the dialect pronunciation of some words at that time. For example, The Theory of Evolution: "Heaven, Yu, Si, Yan and Ji speak with their tongues. God, show it, show it on the heights of the world. Qing and Xu speak with their tongues. " "Wind, yan, yu, division, ji cross mouth and lips. The wind, Pan Ye, is full of gas and animals. Clear, mouth, lips and words. These records show the pronunciation parts and methods of some dialect words in Han Dynasty, which are not found in Yang Xiong dialect, so they are very valuable.
2. Shi Ming recorded many commonly used words in Han Dynasty, which can be compared with Erya, Shuowen and ancient classics or annotations. For example, "Shuo Wen He Bu": "After Qin and Bo Yi, the country was sealed and the land was suitable. He Cong, Bengbu Province, Jieming Jiezhou: "Qin and Tianjin are fertile and moist." This statement is the proof of Qin's "land is suitable for grain". Especially, it has many different or different interpretations from Shi Ming's Er Ya, Shuo Wen and Jing Zhuan, and it is a valuable exegetical material. Such as "Poetry, Wind and Spring": "I miss that fat spring." Mao legend: "We left the same place, and the place we returned to was called Fat Spring." Why are springs from the same source flowing to different places called "fat springs"? "Interpreting the Name and Releasing the Water" says: "This book is combined, less permeable, and its branches are scattered, which is more like fat." Liu Xi explained the whole story, which went a step further than Mao Chuan. Another example is the Book of Rites: "Passing on at the age of 70, 80 or 90 years old." "Shi Ming Shi Shou" said: "Seventy years old, but I have white hair. Eighty years old, he is iron and his skin is as black as iron. I am ninety years old and have an article on my back. " This explanation is different from Quli and rich in content. Another example is Shuowen: "earthenware and earthenware are also common names that have been burned." Waben refers to fired pottery. "Shi Shiming's Poems": "Tiles are full of ankles. Ankle, strong and beautiful. " The tile mentioned here refers to the tile covering the roof (the ancient tile should be outward; Tiles are connected with each other, just like people's feet are connected with their ankles, so the word "tile" is interpreted as "ankle", which shows that the meaning of "tile" has changed at least in the late Han Dynasty. This kind of material is very valuable for us to explore the semantics and history of Chinese.
3. Shi Ming still retains some ancient sayings of Han Dynasty. Such as "Interpretation of Heaven": "Expose, worry, worry." "Reconsideration" is an old saying, also called "exposure". It appeared in Biography of Han Dynasty, Biography of Yan Zhu and Huai Nan Zi Shi Ze Pian, meaning "Yin" and "Run". Interpretation of Heaven: "Rainbow is also called beauty." This was well known in ancient times. Legend has it that in ancient times, there was a couple who died after eating vegetables in famine years, and they all turned into green rainbows, so they were called beauty rainbows. Interpretation of the funeral system: "Since the Han Dynasty, death is what you call it." "dying in prison is a test." These ancient sayings convey the information of ancient languages and can be used as evidence to examine the development track of ancient and modern languages.
4. The object of Shi Ming's interpretation does not focus on literary language, but on everyday things, so it covers a wide range of social life, from astronomical geography to personnel customs. In addition, when Shi Ming was written, it was not far from ancient times, so we can infer the ancient system from what we explained. Such as "Book Interpretation": "Han system, about sealing Hou Yue book. Books, yes, so that the whole thing will not be committed. " Explain that when chasing the Han Hou, there were documents to prevent him from breaking the law. Another example is "Shi Dian Yi": "Monument, quilt also. This book was set up during burial, and Shilulu (pulley) was put on it with a rope and led to the coffin. The courtiers counted your father's merits and deeds, and the beautiful things were written on them. Later generations built it at the end of the road and in an obvious place for no reason (that is, for no reason), and the name of the text is called a monument. " This shows the evolution of the function of the monument. It turns out that in ancient funerals, there were various stone tablets at both ends of the tomb pit, and a pulley was placed between the stone tablets, which wound around the pulley and the coffin was slowly lowered. Later, monuments were used to trace the achievements of ancestors. Interpretation of Book Deeds: "Hey, suddenly. If there is a fatwa or revelation, write it on it, so as not to forget it. " From this, we can understand the purpose of ministers holding hand boards at ancient court meetings. "Yi Yi": "When squatting, one is the chest and the other is the back." The crotch of the Han dynasty is equivalent to the vest of later generations. "Hey, put it on and carry it on your shoulder, not like the following one." The shawl was originally thought to have originated in the Jin Dynasty, so it existed in the late Han Dynasty. Jewelry interpretation: "beard, quilt also." If you send less, you can help. " It turns out that wigs were used as headdresses as early as the Han Dynasty. "Dai Erzhu Yue Jun .. This was originally done by barbarians, and barbarian women are frivolous and easy to walk, so it is also a hammer, which is also effective for China people today." This shows the emergence and spread of Zan. Release device: "cangue, plus also." Add a stick to the handle and stick it out of its valley. "It can be seen that the history of agricultural tools flail used for threshing in some areas today is quite long. Reading these records, we can gain encyclopedic knowledge, understand the history of ancient civilization in China, and study the origin of things and the production and life in the Han Dynasty.
Thus, Shi Ming is an extremely important work for the study of exegetics, linguistics and sociology. Bi Yuan, a native of the Qing Dynasty, said: "His book is an indispensable book after Erya and Shuowen, which refers to the school spirit, integrates ancient and modern times, and distinguishes the differences between famous things and rituals." This evaluation is very pertinent.