folded allopurinol
allopurinol is an isomer of hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine and xanthine can be catalyzed by xanthine oxidase to produce uric acid. Allopurinol is also catalyzed by xanthine oxidase and converted into alloxanthine; It and other xanthines can inhibit xanthine oxidase (Figure 2-3). Therefore, under the action of allopurinol, the production and excretion of uric acid are reduced, avoiding the deposition of urate microcrystals and preventing the development of chronic gouty arthritis or nephropathy. Allopurinol has few adverse reactions, such as rash, gastrointestinal reaction, elevated transaminase and leukopenia.
folded probenecid
probenecid, also known as benemid, is completely absorbed by oral administration, and the plasma protein binding rate is 85% ~ 95%; Most of them are excreted through the active secretion of renal proximal convoluted tubules, which is easy to be reabsorbed because of its high fat solubility, so the excretion is slow. This medicine competitively inhibits the transport of organic acids by renal tubules, inhibits the reabsorption of uric acid by renal tubules, and increases uric acid excretion, and can be used to treat chronic gout. It is not suitable for acute gout because it has no analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
folded benzbromarone
benzbromarone acts like propidium iodide, reducing renal tubular reabsorption of uric acid and promoting its excretion. The daily dosage is 2 ~ 1 mg, preferably starting from 2mg/ day and gradually increasing. The adverse reactions include headache, nausea and diarrhea.
folded colchicine
colchicine has a selective anti-inflammatory effect on acute gouty arthritis, and the redness, swelling, heat and pain of joints will disappear within a few hours after taking the medicine, but it has no effect on general pain and other types of arthritis. It has no effect on blood uric acid concentration and uric acid excretion, and its function is to inhibit granulocyte infiltration during acute attack.
this drug has many adverse reactions. Common digestive tract reactions. Water-like diarrhea, bloody stool, dehydration and shock occur during poisoning; It is also harmful to the kidney and bone marrow.
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