If you want to understand Chenzhou simply, you have to go through the ancient houses in the long street of the ancient city, stop at the ruins of Ma Bei in the road lane, and then visit the Longxing lecture hall built by Taizong, so as to explore the historical evolution of its county, state, road, government and Taoist temple and truly understand Yuanling, which is more than 2,000 years ago.
According to ancient books, this scene is located in Yuanling County, under the jurisdiction of Wuling County. With the change of dynasties, many changes have taken place in regional appellations.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Yuanling and Zero Yang County were located in Yang County. During Liang Dynasty, Yuanling County belonged to Yelang County and Luzhou, and Chen Fu was merged into Yuanling County. Chen Taijian set up Yuanling County for seven years to govern Yuanling. In the Sui Dynasty, Chenzhou was changed to Yuanling County to govern Yuanling; In the third year of Tang Wude, Luxi County was established in Yuanling County. Analysis of Yuanling, Chenxi and Mayang counties; In the first year of Song Gande, Luxi County of Chenzhou was placed under Yuanling; In the Yuan Dynasty, Chenzhou was changed to Chenzhou Road to govern Yuanling. Later changed to Chenzhou; In the twelfth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty, Hubei was set up to guard the road and govern Yuanling; In the ninth year of Qing Shunzhi, Chenzhou was changed to Chen Yuan County; In 3 years, the state capital of Chen Fei was restored to Yuanling County.
A friend showed us around the Old Town Street and told us that the road under our feet was the Road Lane, which was once the only way for Chen Gu officials to travel by horse. This ancient street, which is nearly 3 meters wide and not longer than the beginning of the day, actually includes the Catholic Church, the Christian Eternal Life Hall, the Islamic Mosque, the Buddhist Baiyuan Temple and the Taoist Dojo. In the past, the five major religions coexisted, lived in the same alley, lived in harmony and spread their teachings. This religious and cultural phenomenon is rare and really intriguing.
When history enters the small towns of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, China and Yuanling, it makes people think.
1938 10 In June, Wuhan fell and Changsha was in an emergency. 165438+1October 3rd, the temporary provincial capital of Hunan moved to Yuanling: first moved to Yuanling Taichang, and then moved to Malu Lane in Yuanling County.
Why did the provincial capital move to Yuanling? It can be considered from three aspects: first, strategic position. Yuanling swims in Shuiyuanling, the junction of five rivers, with majestic mountains, Yungui on the top, Changyue on the bottom and the throat of Chu, which is actually called the gateway of Xiangxi; Second, the regional traffic is superior. Yuanling is the confluence of five streams, with convenient waterway transportation. With the opening of 1938 Hunan-Guizhou Highway, the traffic advantage of Yuanling is becoming more and more prominent. Thirdly, since the establishment of Chenzhou Prefecture in Sui Dynasty, Yuanling has been ruled by counties, prefectures, roads and prefectures for generations, and is the political, economic, cultural and military center of western Hunan. Therefore, from a strategic point of view, it is a wise choice for the temporary provincial capital of Hunan to enter Yuanling.
At that time, the provincial government agencies were stationed in various religious places at the corner of the road and lane.
Yuanling, with a population of less than 30,000, suddenly added 200,000 troops during the war. The lack of daily necessities and the hardships endured by the military and civilians are self-evident: provincial organs, schools, hospitals, banks and industrial and commercial enterprises inside and outside the province have moved one after another; A large number of national salvation groups and youths gathered in Yuanling. For a time, factories were everywhere, schools were everywhere, shops were all over the streets, and there were countless hospitals. Anti-Japanese national salvation activities are in full swing.
During this period, the famous Anti-Japanese Daily was reissued in Yuanling by Liao Mosha, Tian Han and Zhou Libo. Hunan Radio Station, Changsha Concert Drama Club, Xinlu, Xinzhi and Life Bookstore moved to Yuanling one after another, and a number of cultural celebrities such as Jane Bozan, Zhang Tianyi, Tan Pimo, Cao Ming, Yu Shao, Pan Tianshou, Wang Chaowen and Ouyang Shan all actively carried out anti-Japanese national salvation activities here.
Times have changed, and now these churches are preserved as anti-Japanese cultural relics, with striking signs embedded in the ancient gatehouses or walls. When my generation of foreigners came here and saw these halls and old houses, they thought of the unyielding Yuanling and the extraordinary glory and dreams of the war years.