One? Jia Baoyu's A Dream of Red Mansions, also known as The Story of the Stone, is said that when Nu Wa tried to mend the sky by refining stones, only one piece was missing and it was discarded. After exercise, stones become spiritual, but they are big and small. After seeing it together, a monk carved the words "Don't forget, become immortal and live" on the stone, and voted to let him join the WTO and become the second son of Jia Zheng and Mrs. Wang. He called them "people who seek fame and gain profits" and opposed the concept of "men are superior to women" in feudal society, saying: "Daughters are made of water and men are made of mud. I feel refreshed when I see my daughter, and feel ugly when I see a man. " Jia Baoyu's rebellious thought is of course regarded as "reckless" by feudal orthodox figures. He and Lin Daiyu really love each other and are bosom friends, but they are in Jia's family.
By the third time, Huan was reinstated? There are two "Xijiang moons" in Lin Daiyu's "Abandoning Father to Beijing", which describes Baoyu like this:
Looking for sadness and hatred for no reason sometimes seems crazy. Even if you are born with good skin, your stomach is rough. Poor and ignorant, stupid and afraid of reading articles. It is a slander to the world to behave in a remote and perverse way! ? Being rich does not know happiness, but being poor is miserable. There is no hope of living up to the good times at home and abroad. The world is incompetent first, unparalleled in ancient and modern times. Send a message to wan ku and Gao Liang: don't affect this style!
These two poems, Xijiang Moon, are based on the thoughts of feudal rulers, and reflect the "good intentions" of feudal parents in order to inherit the business of the landlord class and hope that Baoyu will become famous successfully. It is through "Xijiang Moon" that the author combines praise and criticism, and comprehensively summarizes Baoyu's most outstanding bright spot-rebellious character.
It is said between the lines that he is "down and out, ignorant, afraid of reading articles, and his behavior is remote and perverse. It doesn't matter if the world slanders him!" In fact, that is to say, he refused to "attach importance to the way of Confucius and Mencius and commit himself to the way of economy", and did not want to take the road of life of reading, making friends with officialdom, observing etiquette and helping the world, but despised fame and fortune and hated the study of "official career economy". He criticized that Confucian Taoism, which regarded feudal rulers as gods, was worthless. ? He has a strong hatred and contempt for secular men who study hard and become officials.
Not only that, in the thirty-second episode of A Dream of Red Mansions, Shi Xiangyun advised him: "We should often meet these officials and butchers, and talk about some knowledge of official career economy so that we can communicate with the world in the future." Baoyu was very uncomfortable when he heard this. He quickly said, "Miss, please sit in another sister's room. I have carefully polluted your knowledge of economics here. " ? Jia Baoyu's rebellious spirit is not only manifested in his resolute refusal to take the road of feudal life, but also in his bold challenge to the feudal traditional concept of "men are superior to women". Of course, in his character, the most impressive thing is his hatred and contempt for secular men and his special love and respect for girls. The second time, he published his original unconventional opinion: "It turns out that people are born the spirit of all things, and all the beautiful scenery of mountains, rivers, sun and moon is only for daughters, and men with beards are just scum." "Daughters are made of water and men are made of mud. I feel refreshed when I see my daughter, and I feel smelly when I see a man. " Later, with the growth of Baoyu, his thought became more and more mature, and he found that the "daughter" was constantly changing, so he had the view that the daughter changed from a "priceless pearl" before marriage to a "dead pearl" after marriage and finally became a "fisheye". This shows that he gradually realized that girls were the most oppressed in feudal society. So he showed unusual gentleness and consideration to his daughter in action.
Moreover, the sample Baoyu extremely despises the pecking order, and there are other feudal hierarchies. Jia Huan is not only his brother, but also an unmarried woman. "All brothers are afraid of their own brothers, which is the rule of his family." ? "Set an example for the children", but Baoyu said "Don't be afraid of me", so Jia Huan and others were not very afraid of him, and even pushed their luck to kill him and Xifeng. Even though Jia Huan deliberately scalded himself with hot wax oil, he was still covering for Jia Huan. He also had no distinction between master and slave, which directly destroyed the feudal order. Yan Ming also nothing important matter, everyone around to play for a while, "tear fan daughter smile" turned Qingwen into a smile. Jinchuan was humiliated and died, and Baoyu never forgot it. Ignoring such an important event as celebrating Xi Feng's birthday, he secretly went to a deserted place in the suburbs to weep and pay homage.
Moreover, even the love and marriage pursued by Baoyu is based on this rebellious thought. He has made the idea of pursuing marriage autonomy and personality liberation clear to the world. He shouted in his dream, "How can you believe what monks and Taoists say?" What' golden jade and good marriage'? I said' marriage of wood and stone' ". He even held xiren's hand and poured out all his feelings for Daiyu.
So some people say that Jia Baoyu's image embodies the original thought of democracy and equality. But after all, his thoughts are still a little narrow. For example, he dared not completely break with the feudal system; He never dared to have a direct conflict with feudal parents, and the confrontation was relatively negative; When he was struggling to find a way out, he had an illusory idea of dying and "turned to ashes."
Two? Lin Daiyu, the only daughter of Hehe, was raised by Rong because her parents died one after another. Although she was an orphan, she was aloof and naive, like Baoyu, a rebel in feudal society. She never advised Baoyu to take a feudal career. She despises fame and fortune. She and Baoyu share the same interests and really love each other, but this love is loved by Jia. She is another rebel of the feudal aristocracy carefully shaped by the author. She used her sensitivity and suspicion, her resistance, her pain and tears, and even her love to resist the oppression of the ruling class. But at the same time, she has many weaknesses. ? Because of Lin Daiyu's family background and birth, she is a noble group at the most fundamental point. After Tanchun finished cooking, Daiyu commented, "This is better. Our house is too expensive. Although I don't take care of things, I always take care of them when I am free. I pay more and get less. If I don't save money now, I will lose my hand. " It can be seen that she belongs to the aristocratic class and is extremely concerned about the fate of Jia, who is closely related to herself. Xiang Yun was very angry when she told others that the actor who played Xiao Dan looked like Lin Daiyu. Daiyu sneered. "... I used to make fun of you, treat me as a player, and make fun of everyone! (Twenty-two times) This is not only because she is "small", but more importantly: she is a person with low social status-for example, an actress? There is a deep gap between them. So I think it's an insult to compare myself with such a person. Here, her sense of class superiority is outstanding. ? On the other hand, although there are rebellious factors in her character, it does not mean that she is blindly fighting against the feudal class. When Baoyu's rebellious thoughts clashed with feudal traditional ideas, and the contradiction was the most intense-when Baoyu was beaten, Daiyu advised Baoyu: "You can change from now on!" (34) What is Daiyu's idea of persuading Baoyu here? Also, she occasionally said two sentences of "Peony Pavilion" and "The West Chamber", which was heard by Baochai, who told her a long section of feudalism. Not only did Daiyu have no antipathy to this, but she became very close to Baochai from then on. So what kind of ideas does Daiyu rely on to give Baochai advice here? Obviously, in Daiyu's character, feudal traditional ideas and rebellious factors coexist.
Lin Daiyu's personality is closely related to the environment in which she grew up. As she was born in a noble family and was loved by her parents since childhood, it is not surprising that she developed the character of a noble lady. However, the most prominent point in her character is her rebellion against feudal ethics. ? Lin Daiyu was born in the "aristocratic family" of the hereditary marquis. Because she lives in the south where her thoughts are new and her environment is relatively open, and her parents love her, she is educated as a boy, which makes her more open-minded and talented. After her parents died young, she lived in Jiafu, where hatred, fighting, competition and fraud occurred every day. "360 days a year, the wind and the sword press each other", "the whole family is like a black-eyed chicken, I wish you ate me, and I ate you". In such a sinister environment, Daiyu can't get any joy and happiness. But at the same time, the sinister environment also cultivated her rebellious character. She will never learn Xue Baochai's tact, nor will she learn to please the feudal rulers. There is no sand in her eyes, but there is no room for sharp flowers in her heart. Ignoring the existence of "gentle and honest" feudal norms. She used the words "worse than a knife" to expose and ridicule the darkness and ugliness of aristocratic families. We often say that Daiyu is willful, suspicious, sensitive and narrow-minded. But in fact, we should see that she resisted the shackles of feudal ethics in her own unique way.
In addition, Lin Daiyu also directly resisted feudal ethics. Guo Baochai once solemnly preached to her the feudal creed that "a woman without talent is virtue", but she didn't take it to heart at all. She is so talented that she doesn't want to write poems or write poems. Moreover, she also has the same hobby as Baoyu, and likes reading such "dynamic" and "miscellaneous" books as The West Chamber and Peony Pavilion. She despised the vulgarity of feudal ethics, cursed the hypocrisy of stereotyped writing, never advised Baoyu to be an official, and never used "bullshit" such as "official career economy" to persuade Baoyu, so she won Baoyu's respect and was regarded as a "confidant" by Baoyu. Their * * * connection has also become the same foundation of their love. ? But sadly, the love between Bao Daiyu is doomed to be a tragedy. The stubborn feudal ethics does not allow the love between them to exist. So she disliked her sick body and small family and warned them of their love again and again. From "Good Marriage" to "Hui Zijuan's Love Talk" and then to "The Death of Qingwen". Finally, it reached the stage of love destruction in Cha Daguan Garden. In this disaster, Si Qi, Fang Guan and others are all victims. Even Qingwen, whose eyebrows are like sister Lin's, was forced out of the Grand View Garden when she was seriously ill, and finally she bowed down and died. The feudal forces here completely abandoned the signal of Daiyu. Since then, Daiyu's condition has gone from bad to worse, even seriously ill. The beautiful ideal was finally destroyed. Daiyu won love, but not a happy marriage. The chapter of Dai jade burying flowers in a dream of red mansions is extremely sad and touching. Xue Baochai is the guardian of feudal ethics and an accomplice of feudal forces, but at the same time she is also one of the ten thousand people in Qian Qian who are oppressed and poisoned by feudal forces. ? The author sympathizes with her, and she is also a "person with life but no happiness" in "Misfortune Division". The author also praised her, her talent and her appearance are obvious to all. She is well-read, versatile, piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, poetry and songs, omniscient, local conditions and customs, and has a varied life. Even medical theory. Baochai also knows a thing or two. So Baoyu often admires. Her artistic attainments are profound and she is famous in the Grand View Garden. Poetry is smart and often takes the lead, comparable to Daiyu. As for her charm of "more charming and romantic than Daiyu", Baoyu often envies her. Indeed, Xue Baochai is a girl with both talents and looks.
In A Dream of Red Mansions, Baochai rarely preaches and maintains feudal ethics directly, but reflects her true personality through her words and deeds in daily life.
In life, Baochai doesn't show her true feelings like Daiyu, but often hides her heart. On the surface, she is dignified and virtuous, completely in line with the feudal "lady" demeanor. But in fact, what she is looking forward to is "the good wind will send me to Qingyun with its strength." Behind the gentle and honest instrument model is the ambition of "wanting to repay Bai Di". She is sophisticated and sincere. Although "I have been in Jiafu for a few years" seems to be quiet and contented, in fact, I have been "carefully observing", so even in Guo Rongfu's complex and contradictory environment, I can live in harmony like a duck to water? . Even Aunt Zhao, who is very jealous, praised her: "generous" and "capable of being a man".
"Being a man" is indeed Xue Baochai's character, and her "gentle and honest" exposed characteristics make her praised by everyone. Baochai's principles of "being a man" and "it's none of her business, not opening her mouth and shaking her head without knowing it" made her turn a deaf ear to everything, pretending not to see it, but knowing it in her heart, just like Daiyu. This makes it easy for feudal lords who do some shady things on weekdays? Praise her as a man. Baochai's "knowing people and being good at her duties" is not only reflected in her wooing the supreme ruler of the feudal class, but also in her selling the oppressed of the lower classes of the feudal class. Jia mu gave her a birthday and invited her to play, so she said it according to Jia mu's usual preferences. He also said that the sweet and rotten food that Jia Mu liked was his favorite food. As a result, after Mrs. Wang was forced to die, she and the hitter heard the news, and even the hitter who had always been a slave did not cry. However, the ruthlessness of the exploiting class made her feel "strange", so she quickly left the hitter and came to Mrs. Wang to comfort her. Blame everything on Jin Chuaner's "confusion". She also said, "But if you give her a few taels of silver, you will do your duty as a master and servant." In order to win over Mrs. Wang- Her future mother-in-law Baochai is very generous, showing that she is not afraid to give her clothes to the dead slaves. She immediately went home and got some clothes. For the oppressed rulers of the lower feudal class, Baochai concealed the fact that she lived in clothes in order to punish and maintain the status of the feudal ruling class. She also managed to win over Daiyu and sent her bird's nest and sugar tablets for treatment. Even aunt Zhao, a disgusting woman, sometimes has to send a gift from Baochai, which makes her flattered. When I met her talking about career economy in front of Baoyu, Baoyu, who was annoyed, gave her a marching order in person. In order to be a "good man", Baochai couldn't get angry, so she had to bury her efforts in her heart and laugh it off, which made Aaron admire her reputation as a "good man" again. Baochai not only knows how to be a man, but also often uses the opportunity of being a man to show her talents. Shi Xiangyun wanted to set up a poetry club, but without money, Baochai took the opportunity to set up a poetry club for her. Baochai asked Xiangyun to take it from her home? I came to invite everyone, but when I went out, I called a woman and said, "Please invite the old lady and aunt to enjoy osmanthus after dinner tomorrow." On the surface, Baochai, who knows how to be a man, has helped the poor, weak and orphaned girls a lot, but in fact it is a blow to another "golden marriage". She invited everyone on the pretext that she was actually trying to please the parents of feudal rule. She is careful everywhere, and everything is arranged to please her grandmother. This shows how Baochai, who can be a man, can be a man. ? Another main character feature of Baochai is hypocrisy. Although she said that the "golden wedding" mentioned by monks and Taoists was nonsense and that it was boring to wear a golden lock, it was not the case. Baoyu went to see the sick Baochai. Baochai took his jade and "looked at it twice". Then he scolded Yinger, the maid, for not pouring tea, which caused Yinger to laugh and say that "the words on the collar are a pair with the girl", which just achieved the purpose of attracting Baoyu's attention. Then I will take out the boring golden lock from the red coat inside. The same is true of Xue Baochai leading a string of red musk deer in the street. Originally, she didn't like pollen, dressed simply, and didn't like dressing up the most. But the golden lock was designed for jade, and the red musk deer string was given to her and Baoyu by Yuan Chun alone. It was a predestined marriage, so it can be proved that only she deserves Baoyu. The hypocritical "capable" Baochai is like this, covering up as a "lady" and using her hidden scheming to hint and please Jia's parents. ? But in terms of its social status and high evaluation in people's minds, Baochai's "being a man" is successful. Maybe we can get some enlightenment from it. In today's complex and changeable society, I'm afraid I have to learn a few tricks from Baochai if I want to deal with it calmly. But there are gains and losses, and maybe you will publicize your true nature. But I think, as long as we get rid of its dross, take its essence and learn only its good side, it may be very helpful to us.
Four? In A Dream of Red Mansions, Wang Xifeng created a successful negative image, that is, Xifeng. In her body, it embodies the class essence of the feudal ruling class, greedy, fierce, cruel, vicious and cunning. Wherever she appears, at least there will be excitement. At the age of 20, she presided over Guo Rong's housework. At the beginning of the volume, we introduce Leng Zixing: "She is extremely beautiful in appearance, smooth in speech and meticulous in calculation, but one person is not as good as a thousand." "Although she is young, she is older than this world. Now, she looks like a beautiful woman. Say less. There are ten thousand minds. If you want to gamble again, ten talking men will say that she is just. " So I have a little impression of her, but these impressions are relatively indifferent after all. But the first time she went out, she was immediately presented to the readers vividly, and she will never forget it. This is the first time Daiyu has met her grandmother. When the granddaddy cried with his granddaughter in his arms, even Mrs. Wang, Li Wan and all the ladies were "holding their breath and being serious and tidy". Only one person from the backyard said with a smile, "I came late and didn't meet any guests from afar." Just one sentence gives a particularly vivid impression. This sentence was said by "this one" of Xifeng. Maybe everyone in the Jia family has become dull, but like Daiyu, we feel particularly distinct: "Who is the newcomer?" Is it impolite to celebrate your birthday like this? "This is feng, jia's favorite. Then a brief description, we saw a busy man, a red man. She was late because she was busy. In a short party, I also talked with Mrs. Wang about two other things. Talking to Daiyu also seemed very busy: I smiled and said a few words, immediately wiped my tears with a handkerchief, turned grief into joy, and quickly asked about the situation and arranged the way to entertain guests. Because of her popularity, she dared to speak out, and her grandmother specially gave her the title of "provocative goods", which seemed to have both praise and blame. This is in line with Xifeng's personality of showing herself and being competitive in everything. The author not only describes Xifeng from the front, but also often expresses Guan Feng's image by observing and describing others. Grandma Liu, a poor relative of the Jia family, showed her "magical power" well when she first met Xifeng. Granny Liu managed to get into Guo Rongfu. After many twists and turns, when "Xifeng" came down, only voices were heard, but no one was seen. After drinking, she was "completely silent for a long time" and finally got an interview. But what I saw was "pink and shiny, sitting there solemnly, fiddling with the dust in the stove with small copper fire chopsticks." Pinger stood on the edge of the kang, holding a small tea tray with a small cover clock in it. "。 Feng didn't pick up the tea or look up, just dusted the stove. Asked slowly,' why don't you come in?' I looked up and saw Granny Liu standing in the ground, "too busy to remember, but" I greeted her with a big smile before I got up. "This paragraph is particularly wonderful, a few strokes, vivid enough. In particular, the details of her "dusting stove" are written "Chasing the Soul". "Although this kind of detail description is concise, it has written enough about the prestige of a grandmother in charge of a noble family to a poor relative. In addition, his servant Xing 'er commented on him as "evil in heart and sharp in mouth", "bitter in mouth, double-edged, laughing on it, stumbling under his feet, Ming is a pot of fire, and darkness is a knife", which also accurately reflects Feng's personality characteristics. ? From the twelfth time, the author shows the true face of Xifeng's character through the description of the big plot. The Bureau of Poison and Acacia wrote about her viciousness, Associate Ning wrote about her talent, and The Iron Threshold Temple of Thrones wrote about her greed and fraud. These descriptions make readers more aware of the dark side of their personality. " Playing tricks on Tiejin Temple, an old nun in Shuiri Temple begged Xifeng to break up Zhang Jinge's marriage. As a result, Xifeng got 3.2 thousand pieces of silver and forced a couple to marry. But just after he used the relationship between Jia and Wang to make the plot succeed, "Xifeng is getting bolder and bolder, and will act arbitrarily in the future", and the author's condemnation is very obvious. ? Unlike Jia Zheng and Wang Fu, Feng wears a mask of generosity and kindness. She didn't realize that she was doing something bad, but she was bold. She once declared that "I never believe in things circulating in the underworld, so I will do whatever I say", which shows that she dares to challenge any force that prevents her from doing bad things. In this sense, Xifeng's philosophy of life is probably the same as that of Cao Cao: "I would rather teach me to be negative to the world than to teach the world to be negative to me." "But people will never confuse her with Cao Cao. At the same time, because of her greedy and vicious nature, coupled with Feng's softness and intelligence, she is good at catering to language and making herself more subtle and complicated. In the greedy pursuit of money, she really loves money like life. She wouldn't let Jia Lian usury, and even moved out the money of the servant girl every month to usury. Later, the Jia family lived on the open space, and the money was really not enough. Ji Lian asked her to ask Yuanyang, and she asked for a reward of one or two hundred and twenty silver. Even the intrigue between husband and wife shows that it was indeed a moth before the collapse of Jiafu.
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