Cong Lan was born in the seventh year of Jingtai in Ming Dynasty (1456), Wenshan Village, Dongguan, Wendeng County. Strive to govern the country from the public life, ranking in the frontier and ranking first among officials. His ancestor's name is Zhenrong and his father's name is Chun. "They are all valued by the public, and they have all been given to the senior ministers and right ambassadors of Duchayuan." His grandmothers Ma Shi and Sun Shi, as well as his mother Liu Shi, "are tired of giving them to his wife." (For details, see Epitaph of Conggong, Shangshu of Nanjing Ministry of Industry, and Gift for Prince Shaobao. The author is Hong Fei, the official minister of the Ming Dynasty, a university student in the main hall and president of national history, hereinafter referred to as Epitaph of Conggong. )
Cong Lanji was born in heaven and had an adventure. It is said that Cong Gong was born in the early hours of the morning, with thunder rumbling and heavy rain pouring down. His father was ecstatic at the birth of his son. After the rain stopped, he hung a sword on the gate outside the courtyard to show his joy. At this time, there happened to be Wendeng magistrate of a county and Wendeng battalion company commanders who got up early on business and were sheltering from the rain with swords. Early in the morning, two local officials stood guard for a newborn boy with swords. Both adults were curious, so they followed Cong Chun into the door and watched. Seeing the child's red face and extraordinary appearance, both adults praised the child's future, and it was not a problem to be a do official. His mother listened to the music and said, "Don't mention the nine products, even if it is one product, I don't dislike it!" " But Cong's mother didn't know it at all, but her son finally became a senior official in the DPRK. (For details, see the wall sculpture ofNo. to be in Wendeng Academy Park. )
Cong Gong is "born smart and different", not playful, but loves classics, "more than love". You can't buy books in coastal areas. "You often copy it by hand and recite it at night." Cong Lan studied hard at the cold window for more than ten years, and his studies were successful, so he won the top prize in the rural examination and entered the provincial capital, winning the prize of Guimao (1483). The following year, he went to Beijing to take the exam, but he was unlucky and missed the gold medal list. Being a public official is stubborn. The failure of the Beijing exam not only didn't make him depressed, but made him more energetic. So "the book has been written, and the benefits have been discussed. Since the celestial officials, the third-class soldiers, medical skills, arithmetic, etc., all have concerns. " (Conggong epitaph) Hard work pays off. After six years of cold window and three years of Hongzhi (1490), Cong Gong finally won the scholar list with all his talents, ranking 38th in the top three of senior high schools. After examination by the official department, the post was awarded to the household department. From public to official career, he began his career for more than 30 years.
Look at the old from an early age and the thin seedlings. Cong Gong is young and smart, with extraordinary intelligence, and his extraordinary machine debate ability was revealed when he was a child. It is said that Cong Gong opened a tofu shop when he was young, and every household invited people to write couplets during the Chinese New Year. His father didn't want to ask for help, so he let his son make do with a couplet. CongLan didn't refuse. As soon as he rolled his eyes, he wrote, "Knock three times when you go out." He criticized: "act first." A scholar was surprised to see the couplets and asked, "What family are you from?" Cong Lan said, "My family sells tofu. I knock on the door and sell it everywhere. Isn't it the first in the world to open the door?" Isn't this "acting first" just making tofu? Playing (doing) with salt water is not' playing (doing) first'? "I mistakenly thought that Cong Lan's childhood couplets really made him a court official who mastered the power of life and death.
Accuse a traitor of power and gain a reputation.
After Cong Lan entered the DPRK as an official, he put the country first everywhere, inspected everywhere, purged abuses and fulfilled his duties. When he visited Guanglu Temple, he saw a company preparing an altar offering, so he said to hongzhi emperor, "The first thing to do is to preach paganism, so it's urgent!" Palace affairs are under control. When he inspected Fangshan forage field, he found that the army management was chaotic and the accounts were unclear, requiring rectification. "There are many rectifications." When reviewing the Beijing garrison, they agreed with Sima (the minister of war) and tried to get rid of the old disadvantages and "eliminate cockroaches". The Beijing garrison made a cheer for this. (For details, see From the Cemetery. )
Cong Lan is not afraid of powerful people, hates evil as hatred, and "accuses traitors of everything" (old "Dengzhou Zhi"). Despite repeated disasters, as always, Liang Fang, Liu Jin and other ministers were spared, and the evil deeds in the DPRK were abolished or punished, so Cong Lan gained a reputation and was praised by the ruling and opposition parties. At that time, eunuchs, Chen, Wissing and other harem slaves speculated for profits, pocketed their own profits, disturbed the Chaogang, and harmed the imperial court. Under the impeachment of courtiers, although the traitors were once "culpable of punishment", they were soon "reunited to Beijing" with the blessing of the harem. The courtiers were helpless and the court was in an uproar. Cong Lan is the last straw. After the fire in Qingning Palace, he lost no time in "neglecting six things, criticizing Fang and other crimes, and everyone abandoned them." (Biography of the History of the Ming Dynasty) At the same time, the wicked in the DPRK were also extremely reprimanded. Shu Dao: Today's business is to "cherish the people, caress the border, be lazy with the police, and be greedy with the disabled." "Rape and greed are like Patricia Lam Fung, the assistant minister, who has never been deposed, and the left road is like the chaos of Cui Zhiduan. Lao Zhang should be punished to suppress evil in accordance with heaven." (From the public epitaph) Patricia Lam Fung and Cui Zhiduan were deposed. Cong Lan therefore "seeks to promote the right of military advisers".
During the reign of Emperor Xiaozong (hongzhi emperor), civil servants were in power and their lives were chaotic. At that time, the Imperial Palace issued a decree, ordering all unsuccessful agents to upgrade Wu An to viceroy, and excusing Yao Xin for delaying military aircraft. At that time, courtiers talked about it in succession. Cong Gong refused to sit back and watch, and went up and down to urge him to punish. Filial piety is allowed, and two people are exempted. The ruling and opposition parties said that they were happy to see it and "read the Beijing camp." Therefore, "I have been remonstrating for more than ten years, and I must say what I say when I meet something." Although I was in prison, I was very depressed. "(Guang) Hongzhi fourteen years (150 1), from outstanding achievements in public service, he was promoted to the right of the general logistics department and turned to the left of the next year.
After Wu Zong (Emperor Zhengde) ascended the throne, Liu Jin, the great eunuch, confused the king, controlled the court affairs, brutally punished the courtiers with sticks, and made excuses to ask for bribes, which made the ruling and opposition parties tremble with fear and miserable. In order to further expand the strength, search for money and control the military fortress, "in the spring of (15 10), Jin was ordered to send officials to plan border affairs and supervise the grain depot." Cong Lan, as an official of the DPRK, was sent to Yansui to supervise the military, and began his military career of defending the country and the frontier. At that time, Liu Jin's minions, in the name of checking the border work, charged Luo Zhi everywhere and confiscated money and food from border officials. As a result, many border officials were punished with rice fines and food supplements, many border residents were forced to flee because of tax collection, and those whose families moved from the army to various towns and villages could not make ends meet. (Epitaph of Gong Gong) Liu Jin's evil deeds made the Ming Dynasty in danger for a while, which eventually led to the outbreak of rebellion in Zhu Jian, and the people of Yansui were also "secretly discussing fiercely", and the situation was very critical. Cong Lan was furious at the failure of state affairs and the hardships of people's lives. While appeasing the border officials and people, he neglected to "play ten things about Chen" and denounced Liu Jin for dereliction of duty. Zhong Shu said: "If civil and military officials punish rice, the food will not be repaid. Courtiers stationed in the garrison, the criminal officer cited a new case in vain, was trained in prison, and had no home. The captain traveled all over the border, the flames were burning, and people did not protect themselves. " I strongly urge Mr. Wu to "change quickly and not let people be unwilling." Wu zong approved, "I am sparse, I will do it." Regarding Cong Lan's condemnation, "Liu Jin is very evil and very responsible." Liu Jin, Wang Ci and others betrayed the Party and "hoped that Lan would be disintegrated" and "longed for disaster", and Cong Lan was on the verge of disaster. However, at this time, the border situation was urgent, and Cong Lan, as a border commander, was also difficult to deal with, so Liu Jin had to put it on hold for the time being. Fortunately, in A few months, Zhu Jin, Cong Lanfang turned the corner. Cong Lan was not afraid of power, treachery, denouncing abuses, caring for the country's courage and integrity, and won praise from the ruling and opposition parties. He was quickly promoted to be a general political envoy. "The right assistant minister of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs supervises the salaries of the three parties." (For details, see History of Ming Dynasty and Records from the Cemetery. )
Trilateral military strategy
Cong Lan's courage and courage are not only manifested in his participation in the political affairs of the DPRK, but also in the preparations for the whole army and the defense of the country. Soon after Cong Lan entered the DPRK as an official, he showed extraordinary military aircraft disposal ability in cleaning up Fangshan grain and grass farm and rectifying Beijing's defense. All courtiers raised eyebrows, so hongzhi emperor made him a full-time soldier. Cong Lan was able to understand the military and political affairs and assist the military affairs, and thus began a military career of defending the country and defending the border for more than 20 years.
In the fifteenth year of Hongzhi (1502), he was promoted to Cong Lan, the left member of the General Political Department, and was ordered to "run the Bauhinia, fight against horses and stop traffic". (Ming history) Due to the barren land and lax defense in the north, the soldiers and civilians were organized to build fortifications, strengthen armaments, block "more than 100 border crossings that can be ridden by the enemy" and "build enemy towers by floating the banks of the canyon." Then, "the number of more troops is easy for the generals, and the worries of a hundred years are left." Under the careful arrangement of Conglan, the frontier defense was greatly enhanced, and Hu Bing was frightened and fled without fighting. Since then, the Bauhinia area has been peaceful and there has been no war for a long time. (Epitaph of Cong Gong) In the eighteenth year of Hongzhi (1505), Cong Lan "returned from internal difficulties (mother's funeral) and returned to the DPRK at the end of three years, and Gai Zhengde Chen Wu (three years, 1508) was also old." In autumn, Cong Lan "rose to power to govern" with military exploits.
In the spring of the fifth year of Zheng De's reign (15 10), Cong Lan was ordered to go to Yansui to take charge of military affairs such as "planning border affairs, supervising grain storage, clearing land and selecting soldiers". At that time, the power was in power, the political affairs were chaotic, the people were in poverty, and the border was abandoned, which led to the crisis in Yansui area, and the "Change of Ningxia" broke out in a few days. In order to control the situation and resolve the crisis, Cong Lan, while appeasing the border people, violated the right of rape, demanded the abolition of tyranny, stabilized the border soldiers and civilians, and strengthened the defense against Yansui. Cong Lan was not afraid of evil, ignored evil, denounced power rape and abolished evil politics, which made immortal contributions to the stability of the Ming Dynasty, the stability of the country and the preparation for bringing order out of chaos. In view of Cong Lan's outstanding achievements, Emperor Zhengde specially appointed him as the "General Political Envoy" and "not to return for ten days" (within ten days), and "advertised his vacancy on three sides, promoted him to the right assistant minister of the household department, served as an imperial adviser to the left capital of Ducha Hospital, and served as the governor of Ningxia and other places." (Conggong Epitaph) Conglan became an important minister and government official in the military department.
As a military and government official, Cong Lan devoted himself wholeheartedly to people's livelihood and border defense construction. "The weather is dry", the fields are dry, the seedlings are withered, and the people are in an emergency, calling for help from Cong Lan. Cong Lan "prayed for the people", cleared grievances, took charge of prisons, mourned the dead, and fasted to respect heaven, which led to the release of accumulated grievances in China. Within a few days, it rained on three sides, and crops flourished. The people gathered in the governor's office to give thanks. From the public, he threatened to add "trilateral".
During the period of Liu Jin, officials and businessmen colluded to control the salt policy and make huge profits, which led to "all profits go to power". "Follow the public", purge military discipline, unify government decrees, unify market trade, and severely punish offenders, so that ministers "dare not discuss official affairs privately, but are concerned with the economy." From then on, "everything that fills the border has gone up one by one." In this way, the border market is in good order, the goods are abundant, the people are beaming, the army morale is greatly boosted, the border defense is more consolidated, and the hukou is becoming more and more fearless of the wind. Cong Gong is deeply loved by the military and civilians, and his reputation is growing day by day.
In the summer of that year, Cong Lan was "entrusted with military affairs of Gu and Jing (Gu Yuan,)." After taking office, "I heard that thieves in Shandong and Henan were rampant, thinking that the mainland people were suddenly mutinied and hundreds of millions of dollars could not afford it. Therefore, they were severely left out in the DPRK and asked for wages elsewhere to solve the people's urgent needs." Cong Lan's memorial was approved by Wu Zong (Zheng De), which made the people of Lu Yu, who suffered from bandits, avoid the pain of levying huge military expenditure again.
Kill the enemy, make meritorious deeds and celebrate the DPRK.
Cong Lan was calm, resourceful, devoted to armament, and made great achievements repeatedly. In the sixth year of Zheng De (15 1 1), bandits rose in the Sino-German region, and "there were still not enough soldiers", and the officers and men were defeated one after another, which made the civil and military officials in the Qing Dynasty uneasy. At the time of crisis, the ministers were the first to follow the public, and Emperor Zhengde was anxious for four satraps, namely, Lu, Feng, Chu and He. From the public to the rear, while promoting benevolent government, helping the victims and stabilizing the place, while strengthening armaments, we will deploy the enemy step by step. In the spring of the seventh year of Zheng De (15 12), he led troops to Fengyang. At this time, "the thief has attacked the city slightly", and Cong Gong then "supervised the official to guard the river ferry" and prepared for the battle. In an instant, "the alarm came", from the public "bow and armor, take the lead, rushed to invite the attack." Encouraged by the charge from the public, all the soldiers fought bravely and gave their lives one by one. They were killed in the dark. After several fierce battles, the thieves gradually lost their strength, and soon the whole army was defeated and fled in a hurry. This campaign * * * "captured more than 3,000 people, drowned tens of thousands of people, captured more than 26,800 people alive in the soup kitchen, and rescued 600 people by men and women." After the good news reached the capital, it was celebrated in the DPRK, and Emperor Zhengde "rewarded it with gold and silk." When the team returned to North Korea in autumn and September, the local "climbers of all ages were crowded with cars, and the next place was Li Sheng Temple". After Julian Waghann's triumph, Emperor Zheng De walked out of the palace to meet him. "I will pay tribute to North Korea, I will go to by going up one flight of stairs, and I will give a son of imperial academy students a golden goat wine." At the same time, all the officials of the Qing Dynasty were called together to celebrate. (For details, see From the Cemetery. )
In the winter of the eighth year of Zheng De (15 13), the Mongolian "little prince" (the king of Mongolia, formerly known as Mongolian Khan) led an army to invade the south on a large scale and "joined hundreds of thousands overseas". The Mongols are pressing the border, and the border crossings are in danger, so Cong Gong "was ordered to check the customs of the West Road and also supervise the salaries of Xuanhua and Datong." In the spring of Zheng De's ninth year (15 14), Wu Zong and Cong Lan were appointed as "the advisor of the imperial history of Youdu", and he was ordered to "take charge of general propaganda and other military affairs and merge Piantou, Ningwu and Yanmen in Shanxi." Cong Lan thus became the commander-in-chief of the five major military forces that resisted the enemy and controlled the border area. Cong Lan was in danger and was armed to the teeth. He felt a great responsibility and was afraid that he would have a sacred life, that is, he resigned and reduced his military power, which was not allowed by Wu Zong. Cong Lan resigned again, and General Wu "resigned again". Cong Lan then received a handsome seal. "I didn't go to one side." At that time, the border was "not prepared for war, but accidentally closed", which led the Mongolian army to "carry out in-depth propaganda, expand south and collect" and "capture our people, drive away our livestock and practice our crops." (In the Ming Dynasty, the chief secretary of Shanxi Province participated in Wang Chongwen's Preface to the Poetry of Opening Boundaries to the DPRK.) After Cong Lan came to the border, he toured around, surveyed the enemy's situation, renovated his armament, "set up risks in different places" and "made the mainland military and civilians build castles for security, such as congestion." While preparing to rectify the border, Cong Lan also "strictly enforced the rules, clearly defined rewards and punishments" and strictly managed the army, which made the border guards "hard work" and "resist the enemy". Under the careful management of Conglan, the towns in the border areas were once United as one. In order to destroy the Mongolian people's effective strength and completely eradicate the border troubles, Cong Lan is steadfast in the wilderness, unable to persist and repeatedly shows weakness. Under the arrogance of Cong Lan and the enemy's infiltration plan, the Mongols were arrogant and invaded madly, "infiltrating again and again". Seeing that the fighter plane has already appeared, Cong Gong exclaimed to the generals: "The thief is arrogant, and it is now or never!" Therefore, "self-determination", take the lead, "stay in Yang, take the lead". And "the division of cities, or cover the front, or invite the rear, or stop Nanshan Customs to curb their in-depth plans; Or cut off the north to block the pass and control its way home. After rewarding the countryside, * * * has become a corner. " (Capgemini returns to the court) Under the command of Governor Cong Lan, officers and men from the border area flocked out, and "east and west fought fiercely", killing the enemy and wiping out the whole army, and the people went belly-up, and soon they were routed. Seeing that the general trend had gone, the little prince, the enemy chief, "dared not leave for a long time, dared not plunder" and urged the remnants to "eat midnight snack". Cong Lan has already been deployed, and he is ready to destroy the fleeing enemy at any time. When the remnants of the enemy fled to northern Cyprus and attacked our army with high-risk invitations, the soldiers could not be defeated. His so-called "little prince" also broke his right arm and left, crying day and night in the camp. The success of this campaign is brilliant, because "for decades, Lu's failure has not been as great as he thought." From then on, Beikou was terrified, "I dare not go back to the south to eat grass." (Preface to Capgemini's Return to Korea) When the good news reached Beijing, it was "overjoyed" and "rewarded". "But sit with the army, its merits is prosperous. "
In the 14th year of Zheng De's reign (15 19), Ning Wangzhu (grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang V, fief Nanchang) rebelled, and was forced to move to Guazhou (now Jiangdu, Jiangsu) by Cong Lan, the governor of Jiangbei, to "lead the troops to conquer". Under the command of the public, Jiangdu military and civilians cooperated closely and took strict precautions. Soon, they "captured hundreds of fake spies", leaving the rebels at a loss. After more than a year of encirclement and suppression, they were finally wiped out. Being from the public has therefore added a touch of bright color to his military career. (For details, see From the Cemetery. )
The position of governor will last forever
In the tenth year of Zheng De (15 15), in April, Cong Lan ordered to return to the DPRK, "ordering the governor to transport grain and be the governor of Fengyang counties." Water transportation is the lifeblood of salt, iron and grain transportation in ancient times, which is related to the supply of Kyoto, the guarantee of arms and social stability, so it has been attached great importance to by all dynasties. Cong Lan did not dare to neglect after being ordered, that is, he devoted himself to the exploration and regulation of grain transportation. He spared no effort to punish greed, innovate conventions, change treaties, dredge rivers and improve river engineering, thus greatly changing the face of water transport. In order to summarize the water transport affairs and enlighten the world, he also wrote a Record of Water Transport, which left valuable information for the development of water transport in later generations.
Cong Lan has a high position in the governor's office, surrounded by businessmen and endless gifts, but he is unmoved and always leads a clean and honest life. As an important official of the governor, Cong Lan attaches great importance to the national economy and people's livelihood everywhere. To this end, he did not hesitate to violate the royal family, resolutely destroy the Buddha and intercede for the people. In the 12th year of Zheng De's reign (15 17), in order to fulfill the Buddhism, the imperial court planned to send Liu Yun, a middle official, to recruit "more than 500 ships and more than 10,000 servants" (Ming Dynasty) to see off the living Buddha of Tibet. After the imperial edict was issued, Liu Yun "criticized everything" on the grounds of "welcoming the Buddha", and by surprise, the people along the way immediately fell into layers of exploitation by the government. Cong Lan was indignant at this. He ordered his subordinates to "do whatever they want" and went to the court to reprimand "Buddha is useless" and disturb people's livelihood. Please stop. Liu Yun didn't know what to do, so he went to Huai to supervise what he needed. However, resigning from the business and not seeing it delayed Liu Yun's trip. Within a few days, under the purpose of "begging for return" and "allowing not to send", the people along the way were thus free from the suffering of exploitation and labor.
Water transport is where the huge profits lie. In order to reap huge profits, the dignitaries in the DPRK and China have "rewarded them with private loans". Cong Lan strictly abides by discipline and "does not ask questions about everything", thus offending dignitaries. They "kill each other", thus making Cong Lan "stop shipping and specialize in the governor." Although Cong Lan was demoted, he was still upright, caring for the people and serving them wholeheartedly. "Hungry at the age of four, many people are in exile." Cong Gong was so anxious that he couldn't sleep at night that he gave a lecture about "cutting off tens of thousands of stone millet to save money." All living people think it is twice as strange as before. " (Cong Gong's epitaph) Some innocent people who fled in prison, Cong Gong found out the reason and all "pleaded not guilty" and allowed them to go home and reunite and "kiss each other". Defending Qiu De, "disturbing the people with greed and abuse" and ordering "prohibition" and "suppression of morality" from the public, the ministers never dared to act rashly again.
Cong Lanzhong is honest, does not cater to everything, and lives a healthy life. In the fourteenth year of Zheng De's reign (15 19), "Wu Zongnan founding ceremony was also made public." When the emperor went on patrol, rulers everywhere were often overwhelmed by fear. They all ran before and after to show their loyalty, offered their own products to show their sincerity, and bribed them to help. Therefore, "throwing a banquet" and "spending money to invite people" is the general trend. But this time, when Wu Zong visited the south, Cong Lan "only had gin, and the rest were enamel. Only one twelfth of these products. " (Conggong Epitaph)
Cong Lan is chivalrous, loyal, daring to speak and remonstrate. Cong Lan gave his life to save those who were convicted of admonition. "If you decide to be an official, you will be outspoken and offend." Cong Lan gathered all the officials to "remonstrate with Taiwan to save it" and even "go to prison", but "his ambition has not been less frustrated." Wang Luan, director of aquatic plants, was "nearly imprisoned" and "spoke hundreds of words from the public, so he pleaded guilty (Yin Shi, forgive). People thought he had the power to save the sky." (For details, see From the Cemetery and Old Dengzhou. )
The torrent bravely retreated to future generations.
In the military career of more than 30 years, Cong Lan won the praise of the government and the people, and won the high trust of Emperor Zheng De for his loyal moral integrity, selfless dedication and outstanding feats. Even if the minion Jiang Bin "has rumors", it can't have any influence on Cong Gong. In recognition of meritorious service, Zheng De was admitted to the senior Zide doctor for fifteen years (1520), and Cong Lan was awarded the title of "Senior Zide doctor for six years". In winter, it was promoted to the history of Nanjing Ministry of Industry, and the official residence was a product. Long-term military career, let Cong Lan tired, worry too much, plus the old age, homesickness arises spontaneously. So after learning the good news of the emperor's seal, he had the idea of seclusion, and he "decided to retire" until the rebels were eliminated. In the first year of Jiajing (1522), it was said that "we can only serve the old by accepting the great unity", and "inviting the old through three sparse ways" from the public, but Sejong (Emperor Jiajing) refused. That winter, he was "pacified" by Hao, and Cong Lan was "promoted to a higher position and made a fortune" for quelling the rebellion. After the counter-insurgency, Cong Lan retreated again "repeatedly", saying "it's a promise to have a rest and check his sincerity".
In order to reward meritorious service, after Cong Lan retired, Sejong specially greeted him at the station along the way. "I think it is always close to giving Mi Lu 36 stones and Yuli (sedan chair) 4 people." When the minister retired in his later years, he was blessed occasionally, but "no one was blessed". In order to show the emperor's virtue of "caring for old ministers", the local gentry specially named the courtyard where Cong Lan lived as "Youlaotang". Despite the king's preferential treatment, years of state worries have made Cong Lan "unable to afford public office for more than one year". On February 26th, the second year of Jiajing (1523), he died suddenly, "enjoying a life of 68".
Cong Lan was a famous remonstrator in Ming Dynasty. Long-term innovation in border defense affairs and management of waterway transportation, well aware of the sufferings of the people, has published 383 articles, which has enabled countless people to reduce corvees and freed many victims. Selected records are 1 1 1, which were compiled into Tomyama Memorial and published by later generations. In addition, there are Jing lue Lu and Cao Yunlu for reference.