Appreciation of Bo Qinhuai 1 Bo Qinhuai's Translation
Smoke cage cold water moon cage sand, night parking near Qinhuai restaurant.
Businessmen don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing "backyard flowers" across the river.
translate
Haze pervades the vast cold river, and the moon shines on the white sand house. In the evening, I parked my boat by Qinhuai River, near the restaurant. It seems that the singer of Jinling doesn't know what the hatred of national subjugation is, and she is still singing "Flowers in Yushu Back Garden" on the other side.
To annotate ...
(1) from von Fan Chuan's collected works (Volume 4). (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 1978 Edition). Qinhuai River, that is, Qinhuai River, originates in the mountainous area between damao mountain in Jurong, Jiangsu Province and Lushan in Lishui East, and flows into the Yangtze River via Nanjing. According to legend, it was dug by Qin Shihuang during his southern tour to dredge the Huaihe River, so it was called Qinhuai River.
(2) [Berth] berthing.
(3) [Business Girl] A singer who makes a living by singing.
(4) [backyard flower] The abbreviation of the song "yushu backyard flower". Emperor Chen () of the Southern Dynasties indulged in excesses and wrote this song for the sake of having fun with the beautiful women in the harem, which eventually led to national subjugation, so later generations called this song "the voice of national subjugation".
Appreciate:
Qinhuai, the Qinhuai River, originated in the northeast of Lishui, Jiangsu, and crossed Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) to join the Yangtze River. From the Six Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty, the Qinhuai River in Jinling has always been a place for rich and powerful people to have fun. This poem is a masterpiece of the poet who touched the scene when he stayed at Qinhuai overnight. In the sigh of the land of the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties, there are feelings of worrying about the country and the people.
This poem is also skillful in the use of language. In the first sentence, the words "smoke", "water", "moon" and "sand" are connected in two words to form a hazy and cold water night scene, which renders the atmosphere and reveals sadness in the gloom. At the end of this article, I began to think about the past with the rich connotation of "near the restaurant". Qinhuai area was a famous amusement place in the Six Dynasties, and there were many restaurants, so the endless prosperity of song and dance banquets in the past was actually included in the poet's thoughts at this time. The last two sentences are caused by a poem "Flowers in the backyard", which expresses the poet's indignation at the "businesswoman" and indirectly satirizes the powerful people who don't pay attention to state affairs and are obsessed with money, that is, the rulers who lead a drunken life. The word "still singing" skillfully combines history with reality, which not only hurts time, but also is euphemistic and profound. Shen Deqian, a critic in Qing Dynasty, praised this poem as a "swan song", and the word "Jude" expressed the author's critical meaning and anxiety. Guan Shiming even called it a masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty. Qinhuai River is a bustling place of singing and dancing in Jinling, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties. The poet moored the boat in the middle of the night, and from the other side came the song of yushu backyard flower, a merchant girl. Listening to the voice of national subjugation, I can't help but arouse the feeling of the rise and fall of the times. The last two sentences deeply condemn the rulers who only know how to attract songs and dances, buy laughter and pursue happiness, but don't take historical scenery as a mirror. This poem is a blend of scenery and scenes, and the hazy scenery contrasts with the faint sadness in the poet's heart.
This poem is sentimental on the spot. Jinling was once the capital of the Six Dynasties, and it was prosperous for a while. Today, seeing the decline of the Tang dynasty, those in power are fatuous and dissolute, and it is inevitable to repeat the mistakes of the Six Dynasties, and feel infinite sorrow. The first sentence describes the scenery, first trying to render the elegant night by the water; Two narratives, pointing out the location of parking at night; Three or four feelings, from the "near the restaurant" leads to the songs of merchant girls, restaurants have many songs, which are naturally free and easy; The decadent songs lead to "I don't know how to die and hate my country", attacking the rich and powerful people for indulging in debauchery, which has profound implications; The tune of "backyard flower" is quoted from "national subjugation and hatred", which uses Chen Houzhu's poems to lash out at the debauchery of powerful people, which is profound and sharp. These two sentences express sober feudal intellectuals' worries about state affairs, and also reflect that bureaucrats and nobles are filling their decadent and empty souls with singing and dancing, leading a drunken life, which is a portrayal of two different aspects in the real life of the decline of the late Tang Dynasty. "A strong business woman doesn't know how to hate her country, but also sings" backyard flower "across the river." "Flowers in the Garden of Yushu" is said to have been written by Chen Houzhu in the Southern Dynasties, and is called "the voice of national subjugation" by later generations. "Across the River" inherits a story of "national subjugation and hatred for the rich", which means that the Sui soldier Chen Shijiang was in Jiangbei, and the small court in the Southern Dynasties was in danger across the river, while Chen Houzhu was still addicted to singing, and finally he was captured and died. Literally, these two poems seem to criticize the singer, but in fact, the poet feels the decline of state affairs and the decline of the world in the late Tang Dynasty, criticizing those rulers who are addicted to singing and dancing and "don't know" that the country will die. The word "still singing" is meaningful, which skillfully links history, reality and imagined future, and shows the poet's concern and anxiety about the fate of the country. This poem was written by what the poet saw, heard and felt. The language is fresh and natural, and the conception is exquisite and meticulous. The whole collection of poems consists of scenery, events, feelings and meanings in one furnace, and the scenery is set for the feelings, and the feelings follow the scenery. Chen Houzhu's famine and national subjugation allegorized the rulers of the late Tang Dynasty, implicitly expressing the poet's deep thinking about history and deep concern for reality. With deep feelings and profound implications, it is known as a masterpiece in the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty. This poem shows the poet's bitter satire on the rulers of the late Tang Dynasty and his deep concern for the fate of the country. Such rich connotations and profound themes are contained in just 28 words, each of which is concise. The language of poetry requires conciseness. Only simplicity can be implicit, and only implicit can be seen. So subtlety and exquisiteness complement each other. This poem vividly and typically shows the breath of the late Tang Dynasty in the artistic conception of scene blending, reminds people of the fate of the late Tang Dynasty from Chen Houzhu's debauchery and national subjugation, and euphemistically and implicitly expresses the poet's profound thinking on history and reality, with profound content, deep feelings, endless implications and thought-provoking.
This is an impromptu work, which reveals the decadent life of the rulers of the late Tang Dynasty by writing what they saw and heard when they stayed at Qinhuai overnight. The banks of Qinhuai River were prosperous places in the Six Dynasties, where rich and powerful people and poets indulged in debauchery and pleasure. The poet spent the night in Qinhuai, saw the feasts and heard the obscene songs and songs in the vast sand moon smoke. He couldn't help being moved by what he saw, and suddenly thought of the death of his home country. He closely combined his admiration for history with his thinking about reality, and thought about the fate of the late Tang Dynasty from Chen's decadent League of Nations. The whole poem contains feelings in the scenery, the artistic conception is sad, the feelings are deep and subtle, and the language is refined, which is called "the swan song" by Shen Deqian.
About the author:
Du Mu (AD 803- 853), whose real name was "Fan Chuan lay man", was called Du. Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi) was a poet in the late Tang Dynasty. (Source: Zhongshu Province is also called the province, so it is called "Du") In the late Tang Dynasty, writers in the Tang Dynasty later called Du Fu "Lao Du" and Du Mu "Xiao Du". A (Mu) Fu is also quite famous.
Outstanding poet and essayist, grandson of Prime Minister Du You, son of Du You. In the second year of Daiwa, Tang Wenzong, a 26-year-old scholar, was awarded the post of Hong Wen Pavilion. Later, I went to Jiangxi to observe the envoys, turned to Huainan to observe the envoys, and then entered the envoys. Xi Chui Zhun, the Ministry of Food, Bibi Department and Si Xun, served as the secretariat of Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu, and finally became the official of Chinese calligraphy. Outstanding poets in the late Tang Dynasty, especially those famous for their seven-character quatrains, mainly expressed their feelings by chanting history. Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Du Li". In order to distinguish them from Du Fu and Li Bai, the poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu were called "Little Du Li".
Translation and Appreciation of Bo Qinhuai's Original Works (Ⅱ)
A berth on the Qinhuai River
Smoke cage cold water moon cage sand, night parking near Qinhuai restaurant.
Businessmen don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing "backyard flowers" across the river.
translate
Under the blurred moonlight, light smoke enveloped the cold water and white sand, and ships moored in restaurants near Qinhuai River at night.
The singer seems to know nothing about the hatred of national subjugation, and still sings "Flowers in the Garden of Yushu" across the river.
Make an appreciative comment
This poem was written by the poet when he spent the night in Qinhuai. The first half writes the night view of Qinhuai, and the second half expresses feelings. He used the history of (Chen) dying for pleasure to satirize the rulers of the late Tang Dynasty who were obsessed with fantasy and did not learn from it, showing the author's incomparable concern and deep anxiety about the fate of the country.
The first sentence of this poem is extraordinary, and the word "cage" is eye-catching. Smoke, water, moon and sand are harmoniously combined by the word "cage", depicting an extremely elegant night by the water. It is so soft and quiet, but it also implies a slightly erratic state of mind. Pen and ink is so light, but it is so ethereal and cold. The "moonlight and water moon" in the first sentence is related to the "staying at Qinhuai" in the second sentence, so after reading the first sentence, it is naturally "staying at Qinhuai near the restaurant". However, as far as the poet's activities are concerned, you must have a "night berth at Qinhuai" before you can see the scenery of "a cage of misty water and cold moon sand", but if you really look down, you will find that the flat plate is tasteless. The advantages of this way of writing in the poem are: firstly, it creates a very distinct environmental atmosphere, gives people a strong attraction, and creates an artistic effect that affects the whole body and meets the requirements of artistic expression. Secondly, one or two sentences are treated like this, just like the relationship between the picture and the inscription of a painting. When people appreciate a painting, they usually pay attention to the wonderful picture first, and then look at the inscription in the corner. Therefore, the poet's writing style is quite in line with people's artistic appreciation habits.
"Sleeping near Qinhuai Restaurant at night" seems dull, but it is worth pondering. There is a strong logical relationship in this poem. Because "staying in Qinhuai", it is "close to the restaurant". But the first four words point out the time and place for the scenery of the previous sentence, making it more personalized and typical, and taking care of poetry; The last three words set a precedent for the following, because "near the restaurant" led to "merchant girl", "national subjugation hate" and "flowers in the back garden", which also touched the poet's feelings. Therefore, judging from the development of poetry and the expression of emotion, the word "near the restaurant" is like opening the floodgate, and the river will gurgle out and gush out. These seven words are a link between the preceding and the following. The whole network and the poet's meticulous and ingenious ideas can be seen here.
"Strong women in business do not know the hate of national subjugation, but still sing backyard flowers across the river." At night in Qinhuai, the poet heard the voice of national subjugation "yushu backyard flower" coming from the other side of the river. On the surface, the poet seems to be reprimanding the ignorance of "business women", but the poet's goal is the power of those who are worried about world security but lead a drunken life. In the late Tang Dynasty, two and a half centuries after the collapse of the Chen Dynasty, some people drugged themselves with the sound of national subjugation, which made people feel that historical tragedies would repeat themselves. "I don't know" is actually an excuse for "business women". The singer has no intention, but the listener has intention. The word "still singing" traces back to history, indicating that the prodigal son who has been immersed in burmese debauchery has existed since ancient times; According to the reality, it reveals that today's dignitaries, like Chen Houzhu, will also perish; It is unthinkable that you will make the same mistake if you don't change your tune. Expressed the poet's warning
This poem is ingenious in conception, blending scenes, appropriate in allusions, implicit in meaning and concise in language. Shen Deqian, a poetry critic, praised this poem as a "swan song", and it really deserved its reputation.
Appreciation of Du Mu's Translation in Bo Qinhuai 3 Bo Qinhuai ①
Keywords smoke cage, cold water, moon cage sand,
Stop near Qinhuai restaurant at night.
Business women (2) don't know the hate of national subjugation,
Singing backyard flowers on the other side of the river.
Brief introduction of poet
Du Mu: (803-852), a native of Mu Zhi, was born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi). Prime Minister Du You, Yamato Jinshi Sun, principal of Grant Pavilion Primary School. Later, I went to Jiangxi, transferred to Huainan and went to Yuxuan. Wen Zongchao left his post to fill the vacancy and was transferred to the Food and Beverage Department and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Wu Zongshi was a history of Huang, Chi and Mu. Xuanzong was appointed as the foreign minister of Sixun, the editor of the history museum, and was also appointed as the secretariat of Huzhou, and was called the examiner in charge. He paid attention to the choice of words and sentences in poetry and pursued elegance, which made him unique in the poetic style of the late Tang Dynasty. Good at close body, especially quatrains.
To annotate ...
Qinhuai: the name of the river, which originated in Lishui County, Jiangsu Province, runs through Nanjing.
Business woman: singing girl.
③ backyard flower: The song titled "yushu backyard flower" written by the late ruler of the Southern Dynasties is the voice of national subjugation.
Brief analysis
This poem is nostalgic. Jinling was once the capital of the Six Dynasties, and it was prosperous for a while. Today, seeing the decline of the Tang dynasty, those in power are fatuous and dissolute, and it is inevitable to repeat the mistakes of the Six Dynasties, and feel infinite sorrow. The first sentence describes the scenery, first trying to render the elegant night by the water; Two narratives, pointing out the location of parking at night; Three or four sentences of feelings, from the "near the restaurant" leads to the song of the merchant girl, there are many geisha in the restaurant, which is naturally free and easy; The decadent songs lead to "I don't know how to die and hate my country", attacking the rich and powerful people for indulging in debauchery, which has profound implications; The melody of "The Flower in the backyard" was introduced from "Hate for National subjugation", and Chen Houzhu's body was used to whip the debauchery of the dignitaries, which was profound and sharp.