I. Wu Hong
During the Hongwu period, no official kiln ware with year number was found. There are few folk kilns, only blue and white ones write "Fu" and "Shou". In addition, a blue-and-white porcelain jar was found in Yushan County, Jiangxi Province. Inscription is engraved on the belly of the cylinder, which is a rare object with clear Hongwu year.
Second, Yongle
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, writing the imperial year number on porcelain as a clue began in Yongle. There is only one style of the four-character seal script of "Yongle Year", and there is no regular script. Shen Du, a bachelor of Hanlin in Yongle of Ming Dynasty, is in Shanghai Museum. The bottom of the inkstone is engraved with the cross seal of "Yongle B not autumn Hanlin Shen Du knowledge". Careful contrast, similar to Yongle calligraphy font on porcelain. Therefore, the permanent official document may have been written by Shen Du, a scholar of Hanlin at that time, and then copied by craftsmen and written on porcelain. There are not many officials in Yongle, and only blue-and-white glaze, blue glaze and red glaze are seen on porcelain. Among the blue and white objects, the emperor's year number is only written on the pressed cup; In addition, a pair of Yongle blue-and-white lid bottles lost in Japan in the early years, the word "Neifu" in the sports book, is obviously an intrauterine device. Monochrome glaze has two styles: carving and printing. The blue-and-white porcelain wares in folk kilns are written with the words "Fu", "Lu" and "Shou".
Third, a virtue
During the reign of Xuande, the number of emperors increased sharply, mostly in regular script, and there were also seal scripts that came down in one continuous line with Yongle. There are only two styles: Daming Xuande Year System and Xuande Year System. Most of them are six-character and two-line regular script, and the four-character "Xuande Year System" is rare. There are seal characters in seal cutting, mainly seal characters. There is no money printed. There are often single coils, double coils, long boxes, long boxes and double coils. And those without frames. The inscriptions on Xuande porcelain are relatively random, with inscriptions on feet, mouth edges, ears, handles, inner cores and lids. That's why there is the saying that "the wind of Xuande is covered". There is also a "great virtue auspicious field" and "respect for power", and the blue and white kiln has "blessing" and "longevity".
Fourth, orthodoxy, Jingtai and Tianshun.
There was no official kiln porcelain with year model in the orthodox and Jingtai dynasties. In the orthodox period, there were only two cases: the first year of orthodoxy and the eighth year of orthodoxy. Jingtai has never seen anything. Only four pieces were seen in Tianshun Dynasty: an egg-glazed and phoenix-patterned porcelain plate made in Tianshun Year, an official kiln, is now in the collection of te Foundation of Britain. The other two books, The History of Datong Horse in the Seven Years of Tianshun; The book has the word "Tianshun Year", and all three objects are blue and white three-legged cylinder furnaces.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) becomes Chinese.
Mainly in blue and white regular script "Daming Chenghua Year System" with six words and two lines, some with double circles, some with double frames and some without frames. There are also official kiln cans with the word "Tian" written on the bottom. Folk kilns write "Daming Chenghua Year System" and "Next Year System".
To sum up, after reading this article, everyone must have a further understanding of the characteristics of various porcelains in the Ming Dynasty. If you like porcelain, you will definitely go to the antique market to buy it, then you will worry about whether it is genuine or not when you buy it. This article can help you identify it. In fact, there are still many methods of identification, which need to be further studied. I think we definitely don't want to spend money on fakes, so we have to spend time studying various identification methods.