1. Original text, translation and comments of Kuang Heng's "Wall Digging Lamp", preferably the detailed original text of "Wall Digging Lamp":
Kuang Heng studied hard without a candle. His neighbor had a candle but didn't catch it. Balance is to send its light through the wall and read it with a book that reflects the light. City people can't read their surnames. They have money at home and many books. Therefore, Heng is cooperating with him, not claiming compensation. The master was surprised and asked Heng, who said, "May the master read all the books." The host sighed, gave books and became a university.
Digging for a bright translation;
Kuang Heng is diligent and studious, but there are no candles at home. There are candles next door, but the light can't reach his house. Therefore, Kuang Heng dug a hole in the wall to attract the light from his neighbors, so that it could be read in a book. There is a big family in the county, which is famous for its literary knowledge, but it is rich and has many books. Kuang Heng went to his house as an employee, but he didn't want to be paid.
The host was surprised and asked him why. He said, "I hope to read all the books of the host family." Hearing this, the master sighed deeply, so he lent Kuang Heng a book (to help Kuang Heng read it). So Kuang Heng became a great scholar.
Notes on "Digging the Corner for Light";
I can't catch it: candlelight can't shine.
Catch: arrive, and then
Nye: Just.
Make a hole in the wall.
Yi people: people from the same county
Last name: extended family.
Illiteracy: refers to illiteracy. Say, name
And: Help!
Servant: Employment.
A mercenary job: being an employee and working.
Compensation: remuneration.
Q: Yes.
Strange: I feel strange.
Wish: hope
Donate: lend or subsidize.
To: Use
Sui: So.
University: University asks family.
This article is taken from Liu Xin's Miscellanies of Xijing in Han Dynasty, Volume II.
Extended data
Writing background:
Miscellanies of Xijing is a collection of ancient historical notes and novels. Liu Xin in the Han Dynasty and Ge Hong in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Among them, "Xijing" refers to Chang 'an, the capital of the Western Han Dynasty. It is a miscellaneous history of the Western Han Dynasty, with both history and many anecdotes of the Western Han Dynasty.
Among them, people like to listen to music and Taoism. It is said that "Zhao Jun went to the fortress", that is, the maid-in-waiting Wang Qiang refused to bribe the painter Zhiyuan to marry the Xiongnu; Many interesting stories, such as "Zhuo Wenjun eloped to Sima Xiangru", were first published in this book, and they are allusions of later generations.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, especially after Emperor Taizong succeeded to the throne, in order to assist the country to learn from history, it attached great importance to the revision of history.
Historians at that time tried their best to collect historical records, such as "the imperial court ordered the world to compile books", "searching for different books" and "collecting all its ancient books". However, the Annals of Sui Shu Classics compiled by Wei Zhi and others failed to find the real author of Xijing Miscellanies, so they had to find the author.
More than 400 years later, Huang, a poet in the Song Dynasty, adopted the eclectic theory in "The Legacy of the East View", thinking that Ge Hong adopted everything Liu Xin said in "Miscellanies of Xijing". Liu Bao and others in the late Jin Dynasty compiled Tang Jing Lu, entitled Ge Hong.
In the late Qing Dynasty, a number of textual research works came out. However, the textual research did not find the real author of Xijing Miscellanies, nor did it compile a clue.
About the author:
Liu Xin (50 BC-AD 23), whose real name was Zijun, was later renamed Xiu, whose name was Ying Shu, Han nationality, Chang 'an native, descendant of Liu Bang, the grandson of Emperor Gaozu, and son of Liu Xiang. In the first year of Jianping (6 BC), it was renamed Liu Xiu.
In the first year of Jianping (the first six years), Liu Xiang died of illness and was appointed as a captain of Zhongli. Axe Wang Mang was promoted to doctor in middle school, and later moved to riding a captain, serving as a doctor in a car, and receiving the Five Classics. His stepfather's unfinished business is a batch of books.
According to the style of other records, it is called six strategies, and the advantages and disadvantages of various sources are also described. Always an article, this is called compilation, and this is called Qile, for example. This is China's first book.
A record book with the volume of 132 19. Its classification system has a great influence on later generations. Since then, Wang Jian's Seven Chapters, Liang's Seven Chapters, Xu's Seven Chapters in Sui Dynasty and Seven Chapters in Song Dynasty all adopted the seven-point method.
This classification prevailed in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the catalogues of court books compiled by the Eastern Han Dynasty, such as Lantian Bookstore, Dongguan Xinzhi and Renshouge Xinzhi, were all based on the Seven Laws. The original book has been lost, and the main contents are kept in the History of Art and Literature, which can be summarized.
2. Kuang Heng's Classical Chinese Translation: Kuang Heng is naive and studious, but there is no candle (lighting) at home.
There are candles in the neighbor's house, but the lights don't shine on his house. Kuang Heng (making a hole in the wall) chisels through the wall to attract the candlelight of the neighbor's house, and reflects the light to read in a book. There is a large family in the same town who can't read, and there are many books at home.
Kuang Heng went to his house to be his servant, without asking for a reward. Wu Wen was surprised by Kuang Heng's move and asked him, "He said," I hope I can read all the books of the host family.
Wen was surprised and lent him the book. In the end (Kuang Heng) became a great scholar.
Kuang Heng can explain the Book of Songs, and people wrote a ballad for him, saying, "No one can explain the Book of Songs, please come here. Speaking of the Book of Songs can confuse people. "
Ding is a nickname. At that time, people admired him so much that everyone who listened to him explain the Book of Songs laughed.
There is a man explaining the Book of Songs in the street. Kuang Heng went to the lecture and discussed the difficult problems in The Book of Songs with this person. However, this man argued, but admired him and ran away in his shoes. Kuang Heng caught up with him and said, "Sir, please stay and listen to what I discussed with you just now."
The man said, "I can't say anything." So he ran away and never came back.
1, the original: Kuang Heng's words are childish, diligent and have no candles. Neighbors have candles, but they can't catch them. Balance is to send its light through the wall and read it with a book that reflects the light.
City people's surname is Wen, but I don't know how many books there are at home, so I always cooperate with him without asking for compensation. The master asked Heng strangely, and Heng said, "May the master read all the books."
The host sighed, gave books and became a university. Constant ability to say "poetry", people say: "Needless to say" poetry ",settle down; I said "Poetry" to understand people. "
Ding, Heng Xiao Ming also. When people dare not take it, everyone who hears it laughs.
Hengyi people have the saying of "poetry", and it is doubtful to talk about it according to this. Everyone in the city collapsed and left.
Constant pursuit: "Sir, it makes more sense to stay and listen." People in the city said, "I am poor."
Then go and never come back. 2, from: Jin Ge Hong Zhong's "Xijing Miscellanies" extended information:
First, the survival value: 1, the document value: Since its publication, Miscellanies of Xijing has attracted the attention of many scholars and been widely quoted in various bibliographies.
Ji Yun wrote in the Summary of the General Contents of Sikuquanshu: "It is mentioned that although most beginner's books are written by novelists, they are rich in materials and inexhaustible. Shan Li annotated Selected Works and used many words. Poets have been using it for hundreds of years. Xu Jian's Book of Beginners has been quoted. Du Fu's poems are rigorous and long, and cannot be abandoned. "
According to statistics, there are more than 5,000 references to Xijing Zaji in the text and notes of Sikuquanshu, most of which are references to some contents of Xijing Zaji. In addition, there are about 90 citations in "Taiping Magnolia" and about 30 citations in "Taiping Guangji".
This shows that Xijing Miscellanies has a great influence on later generations, and people in later generations have a high degree of recognition of this book, which fully shows that this book has extremely unique value. The book Miscellanies of Xijing contains astronomy, geography, animals and plants, common sense of science and technology, anecdotes, customs and systems, historical comments and other knowledge. , involving philosophy, politics, history, culture, language and literature, natural science and other fields, has high literature value.
This paper summarizes it and discusses it from two aspects: historical value, literary value and scientific and technological value. 2. Value of historical materials: It makes up for the shortcomings of Historical Records and Hanshu. Historical Records and Hanshu, as official historical works, are concise or simply described when recording some historical events.
By comparing with Historical Records and Hanshu, it is found that many contents recorded in Xijing Miscellanies are either missing or more comprehensive and detailed. The author believes that the information of characters, historical events, laws and regulations preserved in Xijing Miscellanies can make up for the shortcomings recorded in Historical Records and Hanshu.
As a document recording the social and historical development of the Western Han Dynasty, Miscellaneous Notes of Xijing provides written evidence for archaeological discoveries, which is often confirmed by later archaeological excavations. Through the double confirmation of unearthed cultural relics and handed down written documents, the objective existence of many historical facts has been confirmed, some historical prejudices and doubts have been broken, and high archaeological value has been embodied. The first volume describes the circumference of Weiyang Palace in Chang 'an City, and verifies the reliability of the data through the field measurement of its site by modern archaeology.
It reflects the court life in the Western Han Dynasty. The most abundant content in Miscellanies of Xijing is the narration of court life in the Western Han Dynasty, which is of extremely precious reference value for studying and understanding the social and historical situation of the Western Han Dynasty. Mainly reflected in the following aspects: first, it depicts the grandeur of the court gardens in the Western Han Dynasty with heavy colors; Secondly, it explains the luxury of the living expenses of the royal family in the Western Han Dynasty. Thirdly, it shows the richness and diversity of court entertainment in the Western Han Dynasty in a comprehensive and detailed way. Finally, it reflects the emotional life of the Western Han emperors.
Recording the customs and habits of the Western Han Dynasty "Xijing Miscellanies" recorded many customs and habits of the Western Han Dynasty. According to textual research, (1) Miscellanies of Xijing is the earliest record of the customs and habits of women begging for cleverness on Valentine's Day in China.
(2) Miscellanies of Xijing supplemented the custom of "eating shed bait" on the Double Ninth Festival. In addition, Xijing Miscellanies also retains the ancient customs of disaster relief and blessing, such as Shangchen Festival and Shangsi Festival.
3. Literary value: Miscellanies of Xijing is a note novel with unique narrative perspective, vivid description, concise and humorous language and certain artistic achievements. Yin Menglun believes that the book "is mostly anecdotes of the ruling class and scribes in the Western Han Dynasty, mixed with some grotesque legends ... with certain ideological content.
Mr. Lu Xun once commented that "scholars of literature are different from ancient novels and their writing style is impressive." It can be seen that the book is both ideological and artistic, and has a far-reaching impact on later works.
4. Scientific and technological value: Miscellanies of Xijing recorded many scientific and technological achievements in the Western Han Dynasty, covering textile machinery, biology, meteorology, mathematics, medicine and other fields, and preserved many precious historical materials of scientific and technological development in the Western Han Dynasty, which has important reference value for future generations to study the history of scientific and technological development in China. Ten kinds of machines, such as 120 tweezers loom, incense burner in quilt, guide car and rail car, are recorded in the book, which is of great significance for studying the important mechanical scientific and technological achievements in the Western Han Dynasty, understanding the level and value of these mechanical achievements, and comparing China's traditional machinery and its technology.
3. Kuang Heng, whose word is Gui Zhi, Kuang Heng studied hard and didn't have a candle. His neighbor had a candle, but he didn't catch it. The word Heng He studied diligently without candles. His neighbor had candles but didn't catch them. Always try to send its light through the wall and read it with a book reflecting its light.
City people can't read their surnames. They have money at home and many books. Therefore, Hengnai cooperated with seven people and did not ask for compensation. The master was surprised and asked Heng, who said, "May the master read all the books."
The host sighed, gave books and became a university. When Hengneng said "poetry", he said: "I didn't say" poetry ",so I decided to come; Kuang said the poem was very enlightening.
"Ding, scale nickname also. The poet was afraid of being persuaded, and everyone who heard it laughed.
Hengyi people have the word "poem", so they follow it and question it with language. Hengyi people are convinced and let it go. Constant chasing him, "Sir, stay and listen. It was more reasonable to talk about it before! " The Yi people said, "Poor!" Then go and never come back.
Kuang Heng, with a childish word, has a broad road. His neighbor has a lamp, and Zhang Heng has a wall, reflecting the lamp and looking at it. Not the Municipal People's Congress, not the Municipal People's Congress, not the Municipal People's Congress, not the Municipal People's Congress, not the Municipal People's Congress.
The master asked him, and he said, "I hope to read the master's book together." Hostexclamation”，fundedletters，collegesuccess .
Zhang Heng once said: "There are original songs, crazy; Quankuang's Shuo Wen Jie Zi Ding, Hengbie.
Poets are afraid of them, and audiences are afraid of them. The city man said, "Then sit down!" And Soygos.
4. Translation of Classical Chinese Miscellanies of Xijing
original text
Kuang Heng is diligent in his studies. He has a candle, but his neighbor has a candle but he didn't catch it. Heng wanted to paint its light through the wall and send a book to reflect the light. City people can't read their surnames. They have money at home and many books. Therefore, Heng is cooperating with him, not claiming compensation. The master asked Heng strangely, and Heng said, "May the master read all the books." The host sighed, gave books and became a university.
translate
Kuang Heng is diligent and studious, but there is no candle lighting at home. There are candles in the neighbor's house, but the light can't reach his house, so Kuang Heng cut a hole in the wall to attract the neighbor's light, so that the light can shine on the book and read. There is a big family in the same town who is illiterate and rich. There are many books at home. Kuang Heng went to his house as an employee, and he didn't want to be paid. The host was surprised and asked him why. He said, "I hope I can get your book and read it through." Hearing this, the master sighed deeply and lent him the book. Therefore, Kuang Heng became a great scholar.
Kuang Heng is diligent in his studies. He has a candle, but his neighbor has a candle but he didn't catch it. Heng wanted to paint its light through the wall and send a book to reflect the light. City people can't read their surnames. They have money at home and many books. Therefore, Heng is cooperating with him, not claiming compensation. The master asked Heng strangely, and Heng said, "May the master read all the books." The host sighed, gave books and became a university.
A hole was drilled in the wall to get light from the neighbor's house.
Title: Digging the Wall and Stealing Light
Pronunciation: zá obit not ugu ā ng
Commentary: At first, Kuang Heng in the Western Han Dynasty dug holes in the wall to attract his neighbors to study by candlelight. Later, it was used to describe poverty and hard work.
Source: "Miscellanies of Xijing" Volume II: "Kuang Heng's words are childish, and he studied hard without a candle, but he couldn't catch a candle nearby. Balance is to send its light through the wall and read it with a book that reflects light. "
Example: A man who said that he should study hard, there was a man with lofty ideals in ancient times who took care of his studies. (Lu Xun's essay "Jie Jie Ting Difficult and Unbelievable")
Allusions:
In the Western Han Dynasty, there was a farmer's child named Kuang Heng. He wanted to study very much when he was a child, but because his family was poor, he couldn't afford to go to school. Later, he learned to read from a relative before he could read.
Kuang Heng can't afford books, so he has to borrow books to read. At that time, books were so valuable that people who had books refused to lend them to others easily. During the busy farming season, Kuang Heng worked as a short-term worker for wealthy families and asked them to lend him books for free.
A few years later, Kuang Heng grew up and became the main labor force in the family. He works in the fields all day, and only has time to read some books during his lunch break, so it often takes ten days and a half months to finish reading a book. Kuang Heng was in a hurry, thinking: planting crops during the day, no time to read, you can spend more time reading at night. But Kuang Heng's family is too poor to buy oil for lighting. What should we do?
One night, Kuang Heng was lying in bed reciting the books he had read during the day. Behind me, I suddenly saw a light coming through the east wall. He stood up and went to the wall to have a look. Ah! It turned out that the neighbor's light came through the cracks in the wall. So Kuang Heng thought of a way: he picked up a knife and dug several cracks in the wall. In this way, the light coming through is also very big, so he gathered the light coming through and began to read.
Kuang Heng studied so hard that he became a learned man.
study hard
Ge hong
Kuang Heng, a naive girl, studies hard without candles. A neighbor has a candle, but can't catch it. Balance is to send its light through the wall and read it with a book that reflects the light. City people can't read their surnames. They have money at home and many books. Therefore, Heng is cooperating with him, not claiming compensation. The master asked Heng strangely, and Heng said, "May the master read all the books." The host sighed, gave books and became a university. Constant ability to say "poetry", people say "needless to say" poetry ",Kuang Ding came. I said "Poetry" to understand people. " Ding Heng has a nickname. When people dare not take it, everyone who hears it laughs.