The Nobel Prize was originally divided into five awards, namely, physics award, chemistry award, physiology or medicine award, literature award and peace prize. It was first awarded in 190 1. During the period of 1968, the Swedish National Bank donated a large sum of money to the Nobel Fund on the occasion of its 300th anniversary.
Adding "Swedish Banking Economics Award in Memory of alfred nobel"; The prize was first awarded in 1969, and people used to call this extra prize the Nobel Prize in Economics.
The Nobel Prize is awarded with the annual interest or investment income of the Nobel Prize Foundation to those who have made the most significant contribution to mankind in these six fields. ? By the end of 20 18, the Nobel Prize had been awarded to 904 individuals and 24 organizations, of which 4 individuals and 1 organization (UNHCR) won the Nobel Prize twice and 1 organization (Red Cross) won the Nobel Prize three times, so 908 individuals and 27 organizations were awarded. Nobel prizes include gold medals, certificates and bonuses.
1968, on the occasion of its 300th anniversary, the Swedish National Bank (the oldest central bank in the world) provided funds to add the Nobel Prize in Economics (the full name is Alfred Bernd Nobel Prize in Economic Science of the Swedish Central Bank, also known as the Nobel Prize in Economics), which was awarded at the same time as the other five prizes in 1969. The selection principle of the Nobel Prize in Economics is to award those who have made significant contributions in the field of economic science research, and give priority to those who have made significant contributions in the early stage.
According to relevant statistics, as of 20 18, the ten universities (alumni, faculty and researchers) with the largest number of Nobel Prize winners are 1. Harvard University (158), 2. University of Cambridge (1 17), and 3. 4. University of Chicago (98), 5. Columbia university (96), 6 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (93), 7. Stanford University (83), 8. California Institute of Technology (73), 9. Oxford University (69), 10. Princeton University, USA.
On may 4th, 20 18, Sputnik news agency & radio reported that the royal Swedish academy of science said that Nobel Prize in Literature would not be awarded in 20 18, but it would be reserved until 20 19. On August 30th, 20 18, the Swedish Academy Literature Award announced that it would stop awarding this year's Nobel Prize in Literature because of the scandal. In order to protest, Swedish cultural circles and others have specially set up a new literature prize for this year. Japanese writer Haruki Murakami became one of the four finalists.