Tongue diagnosis has formed a unique diagnostic method in modern medicine.
Observing the tongue and diagnosing diseases have the following meanings:
(1) can judge the functional state of human body. If the tongue is reddish, soft and elastic, and the coating is thin, white and moist, it means that it is healthy and disease-free.
(2) Determine the location and nature of the disease. If the tongue is normal, the coating is thin and white, and the disease is superficial, it is mild; His tongue is crimson, his fur is thick and yellow, and he is very ill in the hospital.
Tongue color
Usually, a normal tongue is red, moist, soft and elastic, but it will change when you are sick. Tongue color is different due to different diseases. Common tongue colors are as follows:
(1) pale white tongue. That is, the tongue is pale and white, which is a manifestation of deficiency of qi and blood, indicating that qi and blood cannot be superior to the tongue. Clinically, anemia, malnutrition, chronic nephritis and other chronic diseases and people with low physical function are more common. There are also many symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, palpitation and shortness of breath.
(2) Red tongue. That is, the tongue is red, which is caused by fever. It is formed by strong blood flow in the tongue and congestion of blood vessels. If the tongue is red and dry and has a tingling sensation on the tongue surface, it is more common in severe patients with persistent high fever, such as lobar pneumonia, viral pneumonia and Japanese encephalitis. If the tip of the tongue is red, it is more common in patients with insomnia and fatigue; Red tongue edge, more common in hypertension and hyperthyroidism.
(3) crimson tongue. That is, the color of the tongue is deep red, which generally evolved from the red tongue. The symptoms are red and dry tongue, prickles and cracks on the surface, and macula. The patient was delirious and upset. Crimson tongue is more common in acute severe patients, such as sepsis, encephalitis, abdominal abscess and so on.
(4) blue and purple tongue. Is that the tongue is blue or bruised. It is caused by yin injury caused by fever, excessive dehydration and stagnation of blood flow in blood vessels of the tongue. Patients may have symptoms such as listlessness, pallor and cold hands and feet. Violent tongue is more common in critically ill patients, and the prognosis is poor.
Tongue shape
This is a method to diagnose diseases by observing the abnormal changes of tongue shape. Tongue shape is the shape of the tongue, which will change when you are sick.
(1) The tongue is delicate. That is, the tongue is delicate in color, which is common in patients with chronic nephritis and chronic deficiency-cold syndrome.
(2) The tongue is thick and old. That is, the tongue is rough, hard and dry, which is common in acute fever.
(3) The tongue is pale. It is mainly caused by malnutrition and atrophy of tongue muscle and tongue epithelium, and it is more common in chronic wasting diseases, such as diabetes and cancer.
(4) Fat tongue. The edema and hypertrophy of tongue body are mainly evidence of deficiency of spleen and kidney yang. Such as chronic colitis, diarrhea and pancreatitis.
(5) tongue thorn. That is, the nipple of the tongue is hypertrophy and the protrusion is like a thorn, which is more common in red tongue, high fever pneumonia and acute heat syndrome.
tongue diagnosis
(1) Stiff tongue. That is, the tongue is hard and the movement is ineffective, which is more common in coma patients, such as Japanese encephalitis, hepatic coma, cerebral hemorrhage, brain contusion and laceration.
(2) the tongue is skewed. That is, tongue body deviation, more common in cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, intracranial tumors and so on.
(3) the tongue is weak. That is, weakness of the tongue is mostly caused by myasthenia gravis and nervous system diseases.
(4) tongue trembling. That is to say, tongue tremor is involuntary, which is seen in patients with long-term illness, mainly due to deficiency of both qi and blood and dystrophy of tendons and veins, which is a harbinger of impending convulsions; It can also be seen in hyperthyroidism and severe neurasthenia.
(5) the tongue confides. The tongue stretches and relaxes, vomits when it is exposed, closes or licks around the lips when it is extended, which is common in children with mental retardation and hypothyroidism.
(6) the tongue is shortened. That is to say, tongue contraction can not extend beyond the mouth, which is common in acute myocardial infarction, liver coma, brain coma and so on.
tongue coating
The color of fur, that is, the color of tongue coating, will change due to different diseases or different periods of diseases, that is, from the original thin white coating to white coating, yellow coating, black coating and so on.
(1) white moss. It is more common in initial illness and mild illness, and has a good prognosis, such as upper respiratory tract infection.
(2) yellow moss. It shows that there is heat syndrome, such as lobar pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, cor pulmonale, urinary tract infection and other diseases.
(3) Gray-black moss. It is the same in essence, except that black hair is more serious than gray hair, which is developed from yellow hair. The patient's body fluid consumption is serious, and at the same time, symptoms such as fever, redness, thirst for cold drinks, yellow stool, delirium and delirium may occur. Black moss can also be seen in advanced diseases such as lung cancer and digestive tract cancer.