2 English reference verbena [Landau Chinese-English Dictionary]
Verbena and vanilla [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Verbena verbena [2 1 century bilingual dictionary of science and technology]
Verbena [Committee on Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine]. Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
European verbena [Chinese medicine terminology review Committee] Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
3 Overview of Verbena
Verbena is the name of traditional Chinese medicine, which comes from the famous doctor's catalogue [1]. It is the dry aerial part of verbena [2].
Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China (PRC) (20 10 edition) records the pharmacopoeia standard of this Chinese medicine.
4 Latin scientific name Verbena (La) (terminology of traditional Chinese medicine (2004))
5 English name Verbena europaea (TCM terminology (2004))
The aliases of verbena are paulownia and Zidinglongya [1].
Iron whip, Agrimonia purpurea, wild Schizonepeta tenuifolia.
7 Source and place of origin The whole grass of Verbenaceae plant Verbena officinalis. It is produced in most parts of China. [ 1]
Plants are perennial herbs, usually 30 ~ 80 cm high. The upper part of the stem is square, and the lower part of the old stem is nearly round. The leaves are opposite, ovoid to short-rounded, 2 ~ 8 cm long and 1 ~ 4 cm wide, with coarse hairs on both sides and rough serrations or nicks on the edges. The stem leaves are sessile, mostly 3-parted, sometimes pinnate, with irregular serrations on the lobes. Spikes are terminal or born in the axils of upper leaves. When they bloom, they usually look like whips. Each flower has 1 bract, which is slightly shorter than the calyx and hairy outside. Calyx tubular, 5-toothed; Corolla tubular, lavender or blue, nearly 2-lipped; 4 stamens, strong enemy; Ovary 4-loculed, each locule 1 ovule. When it matures, it splits into four rectangular nuts. The flowering period is June-August, and the fruiting period is July-165438+1October.
Habitat is beside roads, villages, fields and slopes.
10 harvesting: harvesting from June to August, removing impurities and drying in the sun.
1 1 Bitter and slightly cold. Entering the liver and spleen meridians. [ 1]
12 has the functions of clearing away heat, promoting diuresis, reducing swelling, breaking blood and killing insects [1].
1. Treat common cold, diphtheria, malaria, icteric hepatitis, ascites due to liver cirrhosis, acute nephritis, beriberi, dysentery, joint pain, menstrual disorder, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea and abdominal mass. Decocting: 15 ~ 30g. [ 1]
2. Pouring juice with pharynx to treat sore throat; Compacting or juicing Tu Zhi carbuncle swelling, wet sores, traumatic injury. [ 1]
13 pregnant women should be careful [1].
14 chemical constituents This product contains verbenin, tannin and volatile oil [1].
The whole grass contains verbenone) 5- hydroxyverbenoside; In addition, it also contains latex and tannin; Leaves also contain adenosine and beta carotene.
15 water and alcohol extracts have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. It has an exciting effect on the uterus. And can enhance the efficacy of prostaglandin E2. Verbena has low toxicity, does not hemolyze, and can promote blood coagulation and milk secretion of animals. [ 1]
16 verbena pharmacopoeia standard 16. 1 verbena
verbena
verbena
16.2 Source This product is the dry aerial part of Verbena officinalis of Verbenaceae. When the flowers bloom from June to August, cut off impurities and dry them in the sun.
16.3 characteristics The stem of this product is square column, multi-branched, with longitudinal grooves on all sides, and the surface is brownish green and rough when it is 0.5 ~ im long; Hard and brittle, with pith or hollow parts. The leaves are opposite, shriveled, broken and green-brown. After flattening, the leaves are divided into 3 petals with serrated edges. Spikes are slender and have many small flowers. Slight breathing and bitterness.
16.4 Identification (1) The powder of this product is green and brown. Epidermal stem cells are long polygons or rectangles, and the walls and pores are straight and vertical. The epidermis of the lower leaf has 3 ~ 5 accessory cells, the vertical wall is wavy and curved, and the stomata are infinite or unequal. There are 4 cells in the head of glandular scale, with a diameter of 23 ~ 58 μ m; A single cell with a stalk. Non-glandular hairy single cell. Pollen grains are round or triangular, with a diameter of 24 ~ 35 microns, a smooth surface and three germination holes.
(2) Take 2g of this product powder, add 60ml of 80% methanol, heat and reflux for 65438 0 hours, filter, evaporate the filtrate, and add 2ml of methanol to dissolve the residue as the test solution. Another control medicinal material, Verbena officinalis 1g, was prepared into a control medicinal material solution by the same method. Then take the ursolic acid reference substance and add methanol to make a solution containing 65438±0mg per 65438±0ml as the reference substance solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (appendix ⅵ b), absorb each 1μl of the above three solutions, respectively spot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, and use cyclohexane-chloroform-ethyl acetate-glacial acetic acid (20: 5: 8: 0. 1) as the developing agent, spread, take out, dry and spray with/kloc. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear at the positions corresponding to the chromatograms of the reference medicinal materials and the reference substance.
16.5 Check that the water content of 16.5. 1 shall not exceed 10.0% (appendix ⅸ H first method).
16.5.2 the total ash content shall not exceed 12.0% (appendix ⅸ k).
16.5.3 the acid-insoluble ash content shall not exceed 4.0% (appendix ⅸ k).
The content of 16.6 was determined by HPLC (appendix ⅵ d).
16.6. 1 chromatographic conditions and system applicability test: octadecylsilane bonded silica gel is used as filler; 0. The mobile phase is 2% acetic acid methanol solution (82.5: 17.5). Detected by evaporative light scattering detector. According to the peak calculation of ursolic acid, the theoretical plate number should be not less than 5000.
16.6.2 Preparation of reference solution Take appropriate amounts of oleanolic acid reference substance and ursolic acid reference substance, weigh them accurately, and add methanol to make a mixed solution containing 50ug of oleanolic acid and 0. 1mg of ursolic acid per 1ml, and get the final product.
16.6.3 preparation of test solution take about 0.5g of this product powder (pass through No.4 sieve), weigh it accurately, put it in a conical flask with a stopper, add 25ml of anhydrous alcohol accurately, weigh it, heat and reflux it for 4h, let it cool, weigh it again, make up the weight loss with anhydrous alcohol, shake it evenly, and filter it. Accurately measure10ml continuous filtrate and add 3ml. 1% ammonia solution, mix well, shake with petroleum ether (30 ~ 60℃) and extract for three times, each time 15ml, discard the petroleum ether solution, evaporate the ethanol solution, dissolve the residue with methanol, transfer to a 5ml volumetric flask, add methanol to the scale, shake well, filter, and take continuous filtrate.
16.6.4 determination method Accurately suck 10μl and 20μl of control solution and 20μl of test solution respectively, inject them into liquid chromatograph, determine them, and calculate them by two-point logarithmic equation of external standard method.
The total content of oleanolic acid (C30H4803) and ursolic acid (C30H 1803) shall not be less than 0.30% in terms of dry products.
16.7 verbena decoction pieces 16.7. 1 processing to remove residual roots and impurities, washing, slightly moistening, cutting into sections and drying.
This product presents irregular fragments. The stem is square and cylindrical, with longitudinal grooves on all sides and rough green-brown surface. This part is concise or hollow. The leaves are mostly broken and green-brown. After flattening, the leaves are deeply separated and the edges are serrated. Spikes, mostly with small flowers. Slight breathing and bitterness.
16.7.2 Identification, inspection and content determination are the same as those of the medicinal materials.
16.7.3 Sexual taste, bitter cold in meridian tropism. Entering the liver and spleen meridians.
16.7.4 Functions and indications: promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, detoxicating and diuresis, eliminating jaundice and stopping malaria. Can be used for callus accumulation, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, laryngitis, carbuncle, jaundice and malaria.
16.7.5 Usage and dosage 5 ~ 10g.
16.7.6 Store in a dry place.
16.8 Source