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Qufu City, a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Shandong Province, is managed by Jining City. It is located in the southwest of Shandong Province, with a total area of 8 15km from Jinan, the provincial capital, to Surabaya in the east, Yanzhou in the west, Zoucheng in the south and Taishan in the north.
As early as 5,000 to 6,000 years ago, the ancestors of Huaxia and Dongyi nationalities flourished here, creating early human civilization. Yan Di, the Yellow Emperor and Shao Hao moved here. When excavating cultural relics from 4300 to 2400 years ago, a large number of relics of Dawenkou Culture and Longshan Culture were discovered. According to ancient books, four or five thousand years ago, this was the "big family market" where Yan Di Shennong's camp was located.
Around the end of the 27th century, the earliest ancestor of China people, Xuanyuan Huangdi, was born in Shouqiu, Qufu. After the Yellow Emperor, Shao Hao established his capital in Qufu and was buried in Yunyang Mountain and Shouqiu in the northeast of Qufu City. He was called two emperors and three kings with Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, Wu, Duke Zhou and Confucius. ?
Four of the "Three Emperors and Five Emperors" handed down from ancient China left traces of activities in Qufu, creating a developed ancient civilization.
Qufu City is located in the southwest of Shandong Province, in the middle of the Yangtze River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, at the intersection of Sulu and Henan provinces, with Taishan in the north and Tai 'an in the north. Nanzhan Cliff, near Zoucheng; Surabaya county in the east and Yanzhou in the west. The maximum longitudinal distance between north and south of the city is 35.8km, and the maximum lateral distance between east and west is 25km, with a total area of 815km2. The urban area is 66 square kilometers, and the built-up area is 27 square kilometers.
Qufu is surrounded by mountains in the north, east and south, including Phoenix Mountain, Jiuxian Mountain, Shimen Mountain, Fangshan Mountain and Nishan Mountain 100 hills. Sihe River and Little yi river alluvial plain in the central and western regions are located in the transition zone from hilly areas in central and southern Shandong to North China Plain, which constitutes the basic terrain with high northeast and low southwest. The highest point in the territory is Phoenix Mountain in the north, with an altitude of 548. 1 m, and the lowest point is Chengzhuang in the southwest, with an altitude of 47 meters, and the downtown area is 60.5 meters above sea level.
Qufu City is located in the East Asian monsoon climate zone, which belongs to the warm temperate monsoon climate with four distinct seasons. South in summer, affected by tropical marine air mass or denatured tropical marine air mass, with high temperature and rainy weather; There are many northerly winds in winter, influenced by polar continental air masses, and there are many sunny and cold weather; Spring and autumn are the adjustment periods of atmospheric circulation, and spring is prone to drought and windy, and it recovers quickly; It's cool in autumn, but sometimes it rains.