As for the origin of Junliangcheng, there were different opinions in the past. Some ancient books say that "Liang City" was built by Liu Rengong in the Five Dynasties, but Liang City is located in Ninghe County. This is because "Liang" and "Liang" have the same pronunciation. The "Tianjin Wei Zhi" of the Ming Dynasty said that the military grain city was the product of water transportation in the Yuan Dynasty, which is not accurate. In fact, Junliang City has formed a settlement as early as the Han Dynasty and is an ancient cultural town with a history of more than 2,000 years.
During the Western Han Dynasty, this place belonged to Piaoyu Yi. The book "Shui Jing" written at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty records the existence of Piaoyu Yi, which is a relic of the Western Han Dynasty. Northern Wei Dynasty geographer Li Daoyuan once investigated this ancient city based on "Shui Jing·Qishui" and wrote: "Qinghe (South Canal) passes eastward and south of the old city of Piaoyuyi, commonly known as Zhijiao Feicheng." In recent years, City and kiln sites of the Han Dynasty were discovered here. Scattered on the ground are three-legged vessels, pottery mills, basins, pots and other red and gray pottery pieces from the Han and Wei dynasties. Graphite from the Han Dynasty and "five baht" coins from the Western Han Dynasty were unearthed. Some people think that this city was abandoned after the Han Dynasty, so Li Daoyuan called it the "old city".
After the Western Jin Dynasty, this place was called Jiaofei City. At that time, northern China was plunged into a state of melee among ethnic minorities, and the Tianjin Plain was ruled successively by Later Zhao and Qian Yan. From the first to the third year of Jianping of Later Zhao (330-332), King Shile of Zhao built Jiaofei City, also called Piaoyujin, on the former site of Piaoyuyi for military needs. In the fourth year after Zhao Jianwu (338 years), Zhao Wang Shihu once "took Taobao as the general across the sea, Wang Huahua as the general crossing the Liao Dynasty, and commanded a fleet of 100,000 troops to sail out of Piao Yujin to attack Duan Liao in Xianbei, western Liaoning."
As for the geographical location of ancient Piao Yuyi, Li Daoyuan said in his famous book "Shui Jing Zhu": "Gaocheng County, Bohai County (the old city is ten kilometers southeast of Yanshan County, Hebei Province today) is one hundred miles northeast of "It is bounded by Piaoyu in the north and the huge sea in the east. The people boiled the sea water and made salt as their livelihood." This is basically consistent with the location of today's military grain city. Piaoyuyi, Jiaofeicheng and Piaoyujin are all the predecessors of Junliang City, roughly between the southwest boundary of today's Junliang Town and Wuben No. 2 and No. 3 Village of Xiaodongzhuang Town.
The city built in the early Tang Dynasty was 1 km southwest of Liutai Village, the military town of today. Here, people found a city site that was 320 meters long and 250 meters wide, slightly rectangular, and nearly one meter higher than the surrounding plains. This site is located about 1.5 kilometers due north of the former site of Jiaofei City mentioned above. Its floor is littered with fragments of porcelain, pottery and bricks. It can be argued that there are celadon-glazed porcelain bowls, three-color basins, celadon-glazed four-series jars, etc., all of which are relics of the Tang Dynasty. In particular, the largest number of celadon-glazed porcelain bowls, all with deep bellies and solid rims, were owned by the early Tang Dynasty. Furthermore, tombs from the Tang Dynasty were also discovered in Liutai, Tangwa and other villages surrounding the city site; in 1957, a tomb was unearthed 1.5 kilometers southwest of Liutai Village; in 1958, another tomb was discovered south of Tangwa Village. Unearthed from the two tombs were common bronze mirrors of sea animals and grapes from the Tang Dynasty and Hu figurines with Tang Dynasty style. These are unique to the Tang Dynasty. In addition, according to local elders, this place was originally a city, and Tangwa (originally written as "Tangwa" in history) became a depression because a large amount of earth was dug out during the construction of Tangcheng. There is an ancient road to the north of Junliang City, which has long been abandoned. The locals call it "Collapse Road". This road extends westward to Cuihuangkou of Wuqing and enters Jixian County. The roadbed is made of lime, loess, and rice slurry mixed and tamped. It can be seen that the "Junliang City... surrounding foundations still exist" recorded in "Wei Zhi" should be a city built in the Tang Dynasty.
The name Junliang City was gradually formed in the process of historical development. It was mainly related to shipping in the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, the mouth of the Haihe River was in Junliang City. Here were the Gu River (North Canal) and Qing River (South Canal). "Sanhui Haikou" where the Canal) and the Hutuo River (Daqing River) merge into the sea. In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, in order to defend against the intrusion of the Xi, Khitan and other nomadic tribes from the north, 91,400 troops, 6,500 horses, 800,000 pieces of clothing, and 500,000 shi of rations were stationed in You and Ji. Due to the huge amount of supplies, it was impossible to raise them locally. Therefore, the Tang Dynasty "set up warehouses in Yangzhou to prepare for shipping and for defense in the east." In 739 AD, Fan Yang Jiedu also held the title of "Hebei Shipping Envoy" to handle shipping matters. In this way, "Sanhui Haikou", named after the Gu River, Qing River and Hutuo River merged into the sea, became a shipping transportation center. A large amount of supplies were stored in the city and then transported by water and land to Beijing and Ji respectively for military needs. The poet Du Fu wrote "Later Leaving the Fortress" during the Tianbao period (AD 742-756): "The heroes of Yuyang are playing drums and playing the sheng and yu. The sails of clouds turn to the Liaohai Sea, and the japonica rice comes to Soochow. Yue Luo and Chu practice, and shine. "Yutai Chu." He also wrote in "Xiyou": "Youyan is prosperous and the supply is also laborious! Wumen turns to millet and silk, and Panhailing Penglai eats 300,000 pieces of yellow wormwood." The poems all describe the grand maritime transportation at that time. In addition, it is worth mentioning that "city" was the first-level organizational structure of the army at that time. According to the "New Book of Tang·Bingzhi": "In the early Tang Dynasty, the soldiers who guarded the border were called the army in the big one, the soldiers in the small ones, and the city. It is called a town, and in short, it is called a road. Its army, city, town, and guarding all have envoys..." It can be seen that the military food city was the establishment of an army established by the Tang Dynasty in Haikou to specialize in military supplies. , and later gradually evolved into a place name.
In the Yuan Dynasty, the geographical location of Junliangcheng became important again. Boyan, the Prime Minister of the Yuan Dynasty, opened a sea route from Chongming Island to Zhigu. From the 20th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1283), more than 46,000 shi of grain began to be transported by sea, which increased to 290,500 shi in the second year and 578,520 in the fourth year. Stone, "Between Taiding and Tianli (1324-1329), the amount of shipping volume increased from more than 2.08 million stones to 3,522,163 stones" (see page 160 of "Chinese Transportation History"). This shows the development of water transportation here at that time.
According to records in "Tianjin Wei Zhi" of the Ming Dynasty: "The Army Grain City is in the southeast of the city (Tianjin), seventy miles away from the city. Yuan Haiyun was the place where grain was stored, and the surrounding foundations still exist." After water transportation entered the Haihe River from the seaway in the Yuan Dynasty, The grain and rice transported were stored on both sides of the Haihe River, and then transported to the capital in small flat-bottomed boats. Military Grain City is one of the important grain storage areas.