2 Overview Japonica rice is often eaten by people, especially the length of rice grains. It is the grain of Gramineae japonica rice, also known as rice, which is generally oval, chubby, translucent, bright on the surface and less white on the abdomen. Japonica rice has been planted all over China for more than 6900 years. Japonica rice food culture is one of the characteristics of China food culture.
3 japonica rice alias hard rice
4 National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine: Japonica Rice
4. 1 Pinyin name j: n ɡ m ǐ
4.2 The alias of japonica rice is white rice.
4.3 originated from rice (Oryza sativa L.), a japonica rice in Gramineae, and used as medicine with seeds.
4.4 Habitat is distributed all over the country.
4.5 Indications: Warming stomach, invigorating qi and stopping diarrhea. Indications: irritability, thirst, dysentery, fever and summer heat.
4.6 The usage and dosage of japonica rice is 0.3 ~ 1.
4.7 Excerpted from the National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine
5 "Chinese Materia Medica": the origin of japonica rice 5. 1 comes from "A Record of Famous Doctors"; 1. "Medicinal cutting": glutinous rice is used for cooking, lotus leaf is used for making soup, mustard leaf is used for resolving phlegm, perilla leaf is used for promoting qi circulation and resolving muscles, mint leaf is used for clearing heat, and bamboo leaf is used for relieving summer heat. In addition to rice porridge, people who eat Poria cocos and cheese know the facts. People who eat yam powder regulate their stomachs, people who drink Chili juice sweat, and people who drink ginger, onion and drum juice are as effective as those who eat sheep kidney and pig kidney.
5.2 Pinyin names J and n ɡ m ǐ
5.3 English name Rice
5.4 Nicknames of japonica rice: white rice, japonica rice, millet, rice, rice and hard rice.
5.5 Source Medicinal Material Source: hulled seeds of Gramineae rice (japonica rice).
Latin animal and plant mineral name: rice.
Harvest and storage: when the caryopsis is ripe in autumn, harvest, pick the fruit, dry in the sun and remove the rice husk.
5.6 Original rice annual cultivated plants. The culms are erect and clustered, and the height is about1m. Leaf sheaths glabrous, lower ones longer than internodes; The ligule membrane is hard and lanceolate, and its base extends downward to both sides to combine with the edge of the leaf sheath, with a length of 525mm and obvious auricles when it is young. The leaves are flat, lanceolate to strip-lanceolate, 3060 cm long and 6 15 cm wide. Panicles are loose, bent downward when mature, with angular branches, usually rough; The spikelet is oblong, flat on both sides, 68mm long, containing three florets, and the lower two florets degenerate into only a tiny lemma, which is located under the bisexual floret of 1; The glume degenerates and shows a half-moon mark on the top of spikelet stalk; Degenerate lemma is 34 mm long, hermaphrodite floret lemma has 5 veins, usually with fine hairs, awned or not, and palea has 3 veins and fine hairs; Plaque 2, ovoid, 65438 0 mm long; Stamens 6; Anthers 2 mm long; Style 2, short tubular, brush-like stigma, protruding from both sides of floret. Caryophylls are smooth. The flowering and fruiting period is 6 10 month.
5.7 Habitat Distribution Ecological environment: There are rice growing areas all over China.
Resource Distribution: There are rice growing areas all over China.
5.8 The character logo is oblate oval, with a length of 34 mm and a width of 23 mm. One end is round and blunt; At the other end, the embryo falls off and is slightly skewed. The surface is pale white, translucent and smooth. Hard ground flour. Slight gas, sweet taste. Microscopic identification of powder characteristics: the white-like single starch is spherical, with 4 12 faces and a diameter of 24μm, and the umbilical point and bedding are not obvious; Compound starch consists of 28(30) parts.
5.9 The chemical composition contains more than 75% starch, about 8% protein, 0.5% fat1,and a small amount of B vitamins1,B2, B6 and so on. The fat part is mainly cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol, monoglyceride, diglyceride and triglyceride (monoglyceride and diglyceride), phospholipid, and also contains tetraoctyl sphingosine, glucose and free fatty acid. There are 15 kinds of organic acids such as acetic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, glycolic acid, citric acid, malic acid, glucose, fructose and maltose.
5. 10 Pharmacological Action Anti-tumor Action: The aged glutinous rice dumplings (more than 3 years) are weathered by natural long bacteria, blackened, dried at 80℃, ground into powder, and made into water suspension, water extract and alcohol extract. After inoculation with ascites-type liver cancer mice, oral water suspension or subcutaneous injection of water or ethanol extract 10 every day can inhibit the formation of ascites in ascites-type liver cancer mice, and the inhibition rates are 77.6%, 56.4% and 52. 1% respectively. On ascites smear, the degeneration of cancer cells in drug group was more obvious than that in control group. Visually, the tumor growth in the abdominal cavity of the control group was wider and the adhesion was more serious than that of the administration group. However, after 1 1 day, there was no significant difference in animal death between the control group and the drug group.
5. 1 1 Physical and chemical identification Take 2g of powder, add 4ml of water, grind it in a mortar, let it stand for a while, then suck the supernatant, filter it and check the filtrate. (1) Take the above water extract, dot it on filter paper, spray ninhydrin reagent, and put it in an oven at about 100℃ for 12min. The spots are purple. (2) Take the above water extract, dot it on the filter paper, spray aniline phthalic acid reagent, and bake at 105℃ for 5 minutes, showing brown spots. (3) Take the above water extract and add 1 drop of potassium iodide solution, which is purple-blue.
5. 12 sweet; flat
5. 13 meridians and spleen; Stomach; Lung meridian
5. 14 function is mainly used for invigorating qi and strengthening spleen; Eliminate polydipsia; Stop diarrhea and dysentery. Qi deficiency of spleen and stomach; Eat less and keep it; Burnout and fatigue; Upset and thirsty; Diarrhea dysentery
5. 15 oral usage and dosage of japonica rice: decoction, 930 g; Or water to grind the juice.
5. 16 pays attention to "Herbs of Dietotherapy": "Newcomers get angry and often eat dry rice, which makes people feel hot and dry; It's heartbreaking not to talk to Xanthium Food Store. Can't eat with horse meat, it will cause dysentery. "
5. 17 attachment ① treatment of cholera: one set of light bamboo juice and one set of japonica rice (cooking, learning with two glasses of water, removing my juice). Take the two flavors evenly. ("Shengji Zonglu" Zhu Liyin) 2 Treatment of red dysentery and heat mania: half a liter of japonica rice. Grind the juice with water, put it in an oil porcelain bottle, seal it with wax paper, sink it into the bottom of the well overnight, and take it with pingdan. ("Puji Fang") 3 Treatment of incomplete pregnancy, the newborn has no skin, red color, but red tendons: early white rice puff. ("Sheng Ji Zong Lu")
5. 18 school discussion 1. Ningyuan's "Food Guide Materia Medica": Japonica rice, that is, today's white rice, is fragrant and sweet, which is the same as four or five kinds of red and white rice produced in early rice and various soils, and can tonify the spleen and benefit the five internal organs, strengthen the tendons and stop diarrhea, but the role of japonica rice is the first.
2. "Materia Medica": japonica rice, in the typhoid recipe, is also added, each with its own point, not caught. Shaoyin syndrome, add peach blossom soup every time, take sweet taste to supplement righteousness; Bamboo leaf gypsum soup is used frequently, and the sweetness is not enough; White tiger soup is too cloudy at first, and licorice is also used to slow it down, so that it will not be faster than the next one.
3. Outline: The japonica rice harvested in June and July is early japonica rice, which can only satisfy hunger; Late japonica rice was harvested in August and September and late japonica rice was harvested in October. The gas in the north is cold, and the japonica is cool. Those who receive it in August and September can take medicine; In the south, the gas is hot and the temperature is warm, and the rice is cool in late October, so it can be used as medicine. According to Tianyi Luo's Treasure Mirror, glutinous rice porridge is thin and delicious, and the yin in the yang is also. So downward infiltration can facilitate urination. Zhang Lei's "The Story of Porridge" said that if you eat a big bowl of porridge every day, your stomach will be empty and your stomach will be weak. The tonic is not fine, but also soft and greasy, and is compatible with the stomach. This is the best way to eat.
4. "Materia Medica": Japonica rice is the rice that people often eat, and it is the length of grain, which people rely on for a living. Its taste is sweet and light, and its nature is flat and non-toxic. Although it specializes in treating the spleen and stomach, its five internal organs are angry and its essence and blood are full, which makes the muscles and skin of the whole body strong. Benjing can replenish qi, relieve annoyance and diarrhea, and the rest are especially good.
5. "Interest Recipe": glutinous rice is sweet, flat and suitable for porridge. Merit is the same as that of glutinous rice. Glutinous rice can also be porridge. Glutinous rice is thicker, and glutinous rice can also be hungry. Porridge rice is the best tonic in the world. Abstainers should not sip porridge. Although rice soup is not allowed to be eaten, swollen cholera can block the tunnel with its nature. So the poor suffer from deficiency syndrome and drink thick rice instead of ginseng chicken soup. It is most suitable for patients and parturients to raise porridge, which is softer and non-sticky than indica rice. Although fried rice is fragrant, it is dry and helps the fire, and people with moderate cold diarrhea do not avoid it. There is also a fragrant japonica rice, which is naturally fragrant, also called Zhu Xiangmi. It is delicious to add to porridge, especially to wake up the stomach. Where porridge is cooked with spring water, it tastes better.
6. "Don't record": master qi, stop annoying and stop venting.
7. "Qianjin Dietotherapy": flat stomach and long muscles.
8. Meng Wei: Warming the middle and replenishing qi and replenishing yuan.
9. "Japanese Materia Medica": strengthening bones and muscles and nourishing stomach.
10. herbs in southern Yunnan: treating various deficiency, strengthening yin and bones, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, improving eyesight and increasing wisdom.
1 1. Outline: japonica rice porridge: diuresis, polydipsia and stomach nourishing. Fried rice soup: beneficial to stomach and dehumidification.
5. 19 from Chinese materia medica
The consumption of 6 japonica rice is 60 grams per meal.
7 The nutritional value of japonica rice is 1. Crude fiber molecules in the rice bran layer of japonica rice contribute to gastrointestinal peristalsis, and have a good effect on stomach diseases, constipation and hemorrhoids.
2. Japonica rice can improve human immune function and promote blood circulation, thus reducing the chance of hypertension;
3. Japonica rice can prevent diabetes, beriberi, senile plaque, constipation and other diseases;
4. Japonica rice contains a variety of protein, fat and vitamins. Eating more can lower cholesterol and reduce the chances of heart disease and stroke;
5. Japonica rice can prevent allergic diseases, because the red blood cells supported by japonica rice have strong vitality, and no foreign protein enters the blood stream, so it can prevent some allergic skin diseases.
8 ? Japonica rice is suitable for the general population and can be eaten.
1. Suitable for all weak people, people with high fever, people recovering from a long illness, postpartum women, the elderly and infants with weak digestive ability;
2. Diabetic patients should not eat more.
9 therapeutic effect japonica rice is flat and sweet, and belongs to the spleen and stomach;
Has the effects of invigorating the middle energizer, invigorating qi, calming the five internal organs, relieving polydipsia, stopping diarrhea, strengthening bones and muscles, dredging blood vessels, benefiting essence, strengthening ambition and lusting;
Indications: Diarrhea, insufficient stomach qi, thirst, vomiting and asthenia.
10 is a kind of food similar to japonica rice. Meng Wei: "Japonica rice can't eat meat with horses, which will cause tumors." It's heartbreaking not to eat with Xanthium sibiricum. "
Qing? Wang Yuying: "Although fried rice is fragrant, it is dry and helps the fire. People with diarrhea should not eat unless it is cold in the middle."
Edible suggestions of 1 1 japonica rice 1 Japonica rice porridge is easy to digest and absorb, but never put alkali when making rice porridge, because rice is an important source of vitamin B 1 in human body, and alkali will destroy vitamin B 1 in rice, which will lead to the lack of B 1 and "beriberi";
2. Cooking rice must be "steamed" and not "fished", because fishing rice will lose a lot of vitamins;
3. Usually, it is not advisable to eat more flour and rice after making * * *.
4. You can't eat polished rice for a long time without paying attention to brown rice, because polished rice will destroy a lot of nutrition in the processing process, and long-term consumption will lead to nutritional deficiency, so it is necessary to combine fine and fine and balance nutrition;
5. Rice oil, commonly known as rice soup and porridge oil, is a viscous liquid floating on the surface of the pot when cooking rice porridge. Sex is flat and sweet, which can make up for the deficiency. Xian Yi is suitable for all ages, especially for people who are weak after illness and postpartum. Compendium of Materia Medica says: Rice oil nourishes yin, strengthens tendons and nourishes five internal organs. Strength is the fattest person. "Fun Life Diet Spectrum" says: replenishing fluids and essence will help you win old age. In addition, Zigui has a special discussion on male infertility: treating infertility with essence: those who cook rice porridge with rice foam floating on the side of the pot, take a little refined salt and take it hollow, and their essence will be concentrated.
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