It is said that the author is Gong Yanggao, a native of Qi during the Warring States Period, and is said to be a disciple of Zixia.
"Spring and Autumn Gongyang Zhuan" is referred to as "Gongyang Zhuan", also known as "Gongyang Chunqiu".
"Gongyang Zhuan" is one of the three biographies of "Spring and Autumn".
The three biographies of "Spring and Autumn" refer to "Zuo Zhuan",
"Gongyang Zhuan" and "Gu Liang Zhuan". These are three different books that explain "Spring and Autumn" , both are
important Confucian classics.
It is said that "Gongyang Zhuan" was compiled by Gongyang Gao during the Warring States Period. It was first passed down orally from master to apprentice, and was not finalized until Emperor Jing of the Western Han Dynasty.
Like "Zuo Zhuan" and "Gu Liang
Zhuan", "Gongyang Zhuan" began to be circulated separately from "Spring and Autumn", probably in the Western Han Dynasty
< p> During the late reign of Emperor Ai, the famous scholar Liu Xin "quoted the Chuanwen to explain the scriptures" and then regarded the "Spring and Autumn Annals" compiled by Confucius as "the classics", and regarded the "Zuo Shi Chunqiu" as "the classics". , "Gongyang Chunqiu" and "Guliang Chunqiu" are called "Zhuan" for explaining the scriptures. Later generations used the Zhuan to append the scriptures and combined them into one compilation. From then onThese three books are collectively called "Three Biography of the Spring and Autumn Period".
The "Spring and Autumn" category of "Hanshu Yiwenzhi" includes: "Eleven volumes of Gongyang Zhuan".
Ban
Fixed note: "Gong Yangzi, a native of Qi.
" Ancient note of Yan Shi in the Tang Dynasty: "Famous".
What does "ram" mean?
What is it? Some people think it is a compound surname, and some people suspect that "Gongyang" and "Guliang" are both,
The transliteration of "Bu Shang" (i.e. Zixia). Cai Yuanpei, Gu Jiegang and others believe that "Gong" is the same as "Gong".
"Gu" has two sounds, and "Sheep" and "Liang" have overlapping rhymes, so "Gongyang" is "Gu Liang". This
The author of the two books may be the same person , this analysis may not be credible.
Hong Yi of the Qing Dynasty
Xuan's "Jingyi Congchao" believes that the ancient pronunciation of "Ming" is "Mang", and "Mang" and "Yang" are the same
Rhyme, so "the Gongyang in the Spring and Autumn Period is high, which is what Mencius calls the Gongming Gao".
This
is not convincing.
Regarding Gong Yangzi, no other records have been found in official history.
Before "Gongyang Zhuan" was written down, it was passed down orally. Its inheritance process, according to the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Xiu's "Spring and Autumn Gongyang Zhuan·Preface" quoted by Dai Hongxu by Xu Yanshu of the Tang Dynasty Said: "The biography of Zi Xia is as high as Gongyang's,
The biography of Gao is equal to his son, the biography of Ping is his son Di, the biography of Di is his son Dare, the biography of Dare is his son Shou.
To< /p>
During the reign of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty, Hu Wuzi, a disciple of Shou Nai, wrote on bamboo and silk.
"This passage has three values ??
We should pay attention to it: First, it is said that "Gongyang Zhuan" was passed down from Zixia, a disciple of Confucius.
Second,
"Gongyang Zhuan" was written from Zixia (born in the second year of Lu Dinggong, that is, 507 BC) to
At the beginning of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty (156 BC), about 340 years passed.
Thirdly, during the reign of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty,
"Gongyang Zhuan" was written into a book.
Regarding the first point, Yang Bojun pointed out in "A Brief Talk on Classics":
"The concept of 'great unification' in "Gongyang Zhuan" could not be found until after the Qin and Han Dynasties.
This is enough to prove that "Gongyang Zhuan" did not come from Zixia
"He added: "In short, no matter Gongyang Gao
or Gu Liangchi. , they may not be Zixia’s students, they just use the name Zixia to show their self-respect.”
Regarding the second point, the inheritance clues mentioned by Dai Hong are obviously wrong. In 340 years, the Gongyang family only passed down the inheritance.
Five generations, each generation must be more than 65 years apart, which is impossible.
Regarding the third point,
"Gongyang Zhuan" was written when Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty was written, which is generally credible.
"Summary of the General Catalog of Sikuquanshu·Commentaries on Chunqiu Gongyang Zhuan" believes that: "In Jinguan Zhuan, there are
'Zi Shenzi said', 'Zi Sima Zi said', "Zi Nuzi said", "Zi Beigongzi said", and also "Gao Zi said", "Lu Zi said", all of them were taught by teachers, not all of whom came from Gong Yangzi. /p>
Ding Gong
The two sentences "The coffin is between the two couplets" in the first year of the biography are quoted from "Gu Liang Zhuan" and are directly called "Shen Zi",
< p> If it is not called "Gongyang", it does not have the surname "Gongyangzi", and it does not mean "Gongyangzi".And it also has "zi
Gongyangzi said", especially not. It is a clear proof that (Gongyang) is high.
"Since "The Biography of Gongyang" was written by Gongyang himself, his own words should not be quoted.
This can prove that the author of "Gongyang Zhuan"
is not Gongyang Gao, and naturally it is not passed down by Zixia.
It seems that "Gongyang Zhuan" may
be a collective creation, and was finally written into a book by Gongyang Shou and his disciple Hu Wuzi.
Among the three biographies of "Spring and Autumn", "Zuo Zhuan" is the richest and largest historical work in the pre-Qin era.
This book is characterized by its detailed description of events.
"Gongyang Zhuan", like "Gu Liang
Biography", is not a historical work, but mainly explains the "Spring and Autumn" scriptures, so
The characteristic of "Gongyang Zhuan" is that it focuses on exegesis.
The so-called exegesis is to study the
words and sentences of "Spring and Autumn", to explore the "subtle meaning" hidden in the scriptures, and to explore Confucius's role in compiling "Spring"
< p> Thoughts and feelings during "Autumn".When interpreting the Bible, "Gongyang Zhuan" starts from various major events contained in "Spring and Autumn"
and extends it to explain the meaning of the scripture, but it does not completely stick to it. The scriptures sometimes
mainly express their own opinions, and these opinions constitute the main content of "Gongyang Biography".
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