For us farmers, soil compaction is a very headache. The biggest reason for soil hardening is the serious shortage of organic matter in the topsoil, which leads to the soil is not loose. Poor soil structure leads to poor soil permeability, hard soil and cracking, which is not conducive to root growth. How to improve soil compactness and increase crop yield is more urgent than anyone else.
Soil hardening is a long-term whole process, and the soil is not supplemented by effective organic matter, which leads to a serious shortage of humus in the soil and soil hardening. How to improve the hardened soil and restore it as soon as possible is the most concerned issue for our farmers and growers. There are five ways to improve the soil. Muyu listens to the wind and feels very effective. Why don't we have a try?
1 straw returning to the field and crop straw rotation returning to the field can be said to be one of the most effective and direct methods. The content of organic matter in the soil has increased, and the soil has become more and more loose and fertile. In recent years, some people say that returning straw to the field has many disadvantages, such as pests and diseases on crop straw, although it will increase on the premise of annual accumulation.
If we do a good job in pest control, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. There are many forms of returning crop straw to the field. First, after the crops are directly obtained, we choose the straw returning crusher to directly crush them in the field, and combine with 1 mu to spread some nutrient fertilizers to help the straw decompose. At the same time, we increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The key to base fertilizer application is controlled release fertilizer, which can be controlled and released slowly to meet the needs of crops.
Another way of returning straw to the field is to return it to the field after abdomen, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of straw, such as corn straw and wheat straw. Raising sheep, cattle and other livestock in accordance with the regulations not only improves the income of raising livestock, but also has good farmyard manure as organic fertilizer, which is a multi-purpose thing. When planting crops, solve the difficulty of continuous cropping according to grain-vegetable rotation.
It is best to choose beans as raw materials for planting green manure. Generally, it is a kind of mung bean. Because of its short growth period, good adaptability and vigorous growth, black beans can be intercropped or planted directly if conditions permit.
After the black beans are harvested, the black bean seedlings are directly crushed and returned to the field, or directly crushed during the flowering period of the black beans, and buried in the soil with a micro-tiller, thus slowly increasing the organic matter content in the soil. Alfalfa can also be planted. Alfalfa in flowering period can be directly crushed and returned to the field according to the straw returning machine, which can improve the organic matter content, promote the accumulation of various nutrients in the soil and balance the biodiversity of the soil.
3. Adding cake fertilizer is beneficial to microbial hypertrophy of bean cake, rapeseed cake and bean cake. According to the scraps after oil pressing, there are also a lot of protein and its various nutrients. Those who can afford it can replace meat, eggs and milk by feeding livestock back to the field, without delaying the origin of organic fertilizer.
If cake fertilizer is only used as organic fertilizer, 100 kg can be applied to 1 mu of land, and it needs to be applied every year. At the same time, combined with 1 mu of land, apply microbial organic bacterial fertilizer 100 kg, so that the land will be more fertile and the straw will be returned to the field, which can make the soil more fertile.
When planting four kinds of crops, some friends choose micro-tillers for a long time. The soil layer below the tiller is very loose, but the soil layer is shallow and there are many tillers, and it can't even reach the depth of 15 cm. Therefore, when cultivating the soil, it is best to use the method of ploughing first, and subsoil at least 30 cm, remove the plow bottom, and subsoil the organic fertilizer and crop straw to the next layer.
This is very effective in improving the aeration capacity of soil. Straws are returned to the field together, so the soil is not easy to harden, and the root system of crops is very easy to tie firmly, which is more conducive to maximizing the profit of crop yield and quality.
The hardened soil will not grow well in the rotation of grain, oil and vegetables, whether it is planting vegetables, grain or oil crops. It is one of the effective solutions to improve soil hardening and realize reasonable rotation of grain, oil and vegetables.
If vegetables are planted for too long, the organic matter in the soil can not be effectively supplemented, and diseases and insect pests will occur frequently and become more and more serious. Soybean and Gramineae crops can be planted in the vegetable garden, and with controlled release fertilizer and cake fertilizer, the barren land can be well transformed into fertile soil with rich organic matter content.