Introduction: What kind of book is Shangshu? What's the historical story? Understand the outline of ancient books in one minute
Three minutes to accumulate historical materials, five minutes to remember the essence of words.
Shangshu, also known as Shu and Shu Jing, is the first ancient historical document and a book about ancient deeds in China. It mainly records the words and deeds of some emperors and sages in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
According to legend, Confucius compiled The Book of History in his later years, which made Gude spread to later generations (Confucius' deletion of Six Classics is a great event in China's cultural history, and the Six Classics are poetry, calligraphy, ceremony, change, music, spring and autumn). He selected 100 from more than 3,000 important ancient documents, making it 100 in Shangshu.
Why did Confucius choose books? What is the essence? Mr. Qian Zongwu, president of the International Shangshu Society, made an incisive summary: let future generations understand the essence of sages governing the country, the reasons for the rise and fall of dynasties and the importance of personal cultivation by reading this book.
Shangshu was selected as the first recommended classic because of its special position in China culture.
First of all, as one of the oldest books, it has been circulated for two thousand years and recorded the source of Chinese civilization. Known as the father of political books and the source of historical books.
Secondly, Shangshu constructs the core values of Chinese civilization. Whether it is Yao Shunyu's ancient rule of virtue, the determination of Kyushu, the rise and fall of people in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and the rule of virtue by courtesy, they are all telling the core idea of China culture and constructing the knowledge system of ancient civilization.
In addition, there are many cultural firsts in Shangshu, such as the first appearance of rites, the first mention of unified temperament and weights and measures, and the first formulation of calendars. , can be said to be the origin of China culture.
? The origin and source of human thought and thinking.
People-oriented thought originated from Song of Five Children in Shangshu Xia Shu. The original text is "People are the foundation of the country, and foundation is the foundation of the country". Confucius said that "water can carry a boat, but it can also overturn it", Mencius said that "the people are the most important, the country is the second, and the monarch is the least", and later "those who win the hearts of the people win the world, those who lose the hearts of the people lose the world" are all people-oriented ideas.
The most obvious ideological tendency of Shangshu is to explain the rise and fall of history with the concept of destiny, thus providing reference for reality. This view of destiny has a reasonable core: one is to respect morality, and the other is to value people.
? The earliest || out | now | "China |"
Yuhua Kyushu
In the "Zi Cai" section of Shangshu, there is a passage that says "the emperor paid China people to cross the border to the former king" (translation: the gods have entrusted the people of China and their land to the former king of Zhou Dynasty), which is the earliest "China".
It is recorded in Shangshu folio Yaodian that Yao is "bright and virtuous, close to the Nine Clans, and harmonious with the Nine Clans, making Shu Ren bright and harmonious with all nations", which means "self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and calming the world" and has become the model and standard of ancient sages.
Yu Gong recorded Dayu's achievements in harnessing water and establishing Kyushu: "Yu Shi Tu, publishing trees along the mountain, and establishing the foundation of mountains and rivers" (translated as: Yu divides land boundaries, cuts down trees as guideposts when walking along the mountain, and takes mountains and rivers as boundaries), which is "Yu delimit Kyushu". Kyushu has been synonymous with ancient China since the Warring States Period.
? Five | Life | Protection | Books
? If there were no ambushes in the Han Dynasty, the history books would not be handed down. Without an ambush, I don't know what it means.
"Books were burned in the noise, and there were more than enough books hidden in the wall after the robbery." After Qin Shihuang burned books to bury Confucianism, Shangshu was preserved and passed down to later generations. One person is very important, and that is Dr. Qin.
In 2 13 BC, after Qin Shihuang issued an order to burn books, Fu Sheng secretly dug a mezzanine on the wall of his home and hid the books in order to preserve the precious ancient book Shangshu, risking being killed. Until BC 19 1 year, Liu Ying, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, ordered the abolition of calligraphy carried over from the Qin Dynasty. Fu Sheng rushed back to his hometown and took out Shangshu, but most of it was damaged, only 29 articles were intact.
Liu Heng, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, was very surprised when he heard the story of Fu Sheng. He was very eager to see Shangshu, so he sent Chao Cuo, who often told him stories, to Zhangqiu to decipher Shangshu and then came back. After such twists and turns, what is truly preserved is the unique Book of History.
Later generations commented that "Han has no hidden life, then the ministers will not pass on; It is not clear that there is no ambush. " Along with Dong Zhongshu, who promoted Confucianism, he was called "Dong Fu" in history.
Under the protection and inheritance of many sages like Fu Sheng, the traditional culture of China has been passed down from generation to generation.
Classics | Names | Sentences
There are many famous classic sentences in Shangshu. Is it advanced to apply them to composition?
0 1 keming junde to pro-jiuzu. Shang Shu Yu Shu drugstore
Translation can show (a person's original) lofty moral quality and make people in the same family close and United.
Scope of application Maintain noble moral character; Give play to leadership and bring a good team; Serve others with virtue, etc.
The human heart is only in danger, and the heart is only small. Only the essence is exclusive, let it be dumbfounded. Shangshu Yu Shu Dayu Mo
People's heart is in danger, and heart failure occurs. Only pure and single-minded, can we truly keep the heart of Tao and distinguish people's hearts.
Applicable process scope; Make great efforts to govern; Keep the initial heart; Pursuit of truth; No distractions, etc.
03 (Nine Virtues) Broad and chestnut, soft and standing, willing and respectful, chaotic and respectful, disturbing and resolute, straight and warm, simple and inexpensive, rigid and stuffed, strong and upright. Shangshu Yu Shugao Tao Hume
Translation (nine virtues are) open-minded, unrestrained, respectful and cautious; Gentle temperament, but also independent; Act modestly and seriously; Although talented, but not sloppy; Be able to accept other people's opinions, but not be confused by mixed opinions, but be firm and decisive; Honest behavior and gentle attitude; Work can focus on the overall situation and start small; Integrity without recklessness; Brave and kind.
Scope of Application Hao Tao believes that a gentleman should have nine qualities, namely, open-minded and cautious, gentle and independent, humble and serious, brilliant and serious, persuasive and not confusing, honest and gentle, able to focus on the overall situation and start from small things, honest and not reckless, brave and kind.
The people are the country and the country is better. Song of the five sons of Shang and Shu
The people are the foundation of the country, and only when it is consolidated can the country be peaceful.
Scope of application People-oriented thought, the relationship between government and people, the relationship between home and country, etc.
An orderly network means an orderly way. Shangshu Shangshu Pan Geng Shang.
Translation outline: a big pimple on the Internet. For example, tie the net to the outline, which is organized and not disorderly.
Scope of application No matter what we do, we should pay attention to the main aspects and key points of things and grasp the essence of things, instead of just paying attention to the unimportant secondary aspects and the appearance of things. Only by "outlining" can we grasp the main idea of the matter and get twice the result with half the effort.
06. accumulate virtue and do good, and eliminate evil. Shang Shu Tai Shi Xia
Only by cultivating beautiful virtues can we grow; Only by eradicating evil can we eradicate the roots.
Scope of application: personal moral cultivation, personal growth, three provinces, taking small evil things, not tolerating rape, etc.
Respectful in appearance, obedient in speech, bright in vision, smart in hearing and sharp in thinking. Zhou Shang Shu Shu hong fan
Translation attitude should be respectful, words should be reasonable, observation should be clear, listening to opinions should be smart, and thinking should be accessible.
The scope of application is "respecting five things", namely appearance, speech, observation, listening and thinking.
08 resentment is neither too big nor too small. Shangshu Zhoushu Gaokang
The horror of people's grievances is neither big nor small. (If you take it seriously, people's grievances are not terrible; If you don't take it seriously, people's grievances are small, but they will be terrible. )
Scope of application Understand people's feelings, observe people's feelings, and formulate policies that can reflect people's feelings well. Improper policies, when people complain, can be taken seriously, seriously investigated, adjusted in time, and actively resolve people's complaints.