Literature and art flourished in the classical era of Greece and Rome and declined in the "dark age" of the Middle Ages. It was not until the14th century that it was reborn and revived, so it was called the "Renaissance".
Based on the unique political structure of Italy in the late Middle Ages, some scholars concluded that the unique local social atmosphere provided the necessary conditions for Italy's rare cultural prosperity.
In early modern times, Italy was not a unified political entity, but was composed of some city-states and territories: controlling the kingdom of Naples in the south; Florence in the middle; Genoa and Milan in the north and west; Venice in the East.
/kloc-Italy in the 0/5th century is the region with the highest urbanization level in Europe. Many Italian cities were built on the ruins of ancient Roman architecture; On the surface, this links the classicism of the Renaissance with the fact that it originated in the center of the Roman Empire.
Extended data:
/kloc-In the 5th century, there was a debate in Italy about whether we should pay more attention to the humanities. Humanists believe that all human spiritual life has its "roots", and through the study of humanities, we can lay the foundation for a rich spiritual life. Piccolomini said: Natural science tends to belittle people's inner morality.
"People who are eager to learn often only get knowledge from physics, mathematics and metaphysics, leaving us with the most important subject, that is, the art of mastering life-the subject leading to virtue and good manners. Only such a subject will lead us to happiness and happiness."
Barziza said: "Doesn't anyone feel that once people's life is short of humanities and arts, life will not only become incomplete and poor, but even more despicable than many animals?"
Humanism is a historical concept, which mainly refers to rediscovering human value by studying ancient Greek and Roman culture during the Renaissance, and transforming the worship of religious belief in the Middle Ages into an ideological and cultural movement advocating rationality. It is different from the humanitarianism marked by "freedom, equality and fraternity" in 17 and 18 century Enlightenment.
It indicates that people's thoughts have broken through the shackles of feudalism and theocracy, and changed from blind belief to rational thinking, which has had a far-reaching impact on the development of humanities and natural sciences and played an important role in promoting historical progress.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Renaissance
People's Network —— Humanism in Renaissance