There is a tradition of astrology in ancient Greece, so we should observe and think a lot about the stars in the universe. Moreover, astrologers are proficient in mathematics and philosophy, and some observations are very valuable. Ancient astronomy in China paid attention to recording, and the details of astronomical events were unparalleled.
In the first volume of Copernicus's book "On the Operation of Celestial Bodies" published in 1543, some viewpoints of ancient astronomers are described, from which some valuable information about ancient human cognition of stars and planets can be obtained.
The relationship among stars, sun and planets in geocentric theory
Claudius Ptolemy (about 90- 168) was a Greek mathematician and astronomer. Ptolemy's theory of cosmic structure, that is, "geocentric theory", was inherited from Aristotle. He believes that the universe is a sphere, the earth is located in the center of the universe, and there are 1 1 equidistant sky layers outside the earth. The order from inside to outside is: Moon Day, Mercury Day, Venus Day, Sun Day, Mars Day, Jupiter Day, Saturn Day, sidereal day Day and Crystal Day. God drives celestial bodies.
Aristotle and Ptolemy's geocentric theory seems ridiculous now, but at that time, stars and planets had been distinguished, and his theory could basically explain most natural imagination. Therefore, this theory was popular in Heliocentrism for more than 1000 years before it was widely accepted.
The Discovery History of Luminescence of Stars and the Sun
As mentioned in Chapter 10 of Volume I of Copernicus's Theory of the Movement of Celestial Bodies, Pareto and his disciples believe that planets do not emit light, but they emit light because they receive sunlight. But to explain why Venus and Mercury don't shine, they don't block the sun. Ancient astronomers even assumed that planets were transparent spheres and only the moon was opaque.
Pareto lived around 400 BC, which shows that people at that time have found that the sun and stars shine and the planets don't.
Heliocentrism of Copernicus continued the view that the sun and stars shine and the planets don't, but regarded the sun as the center of the universe.
Heliocentrism of Copernicus, like all ancient astronomers, still believed that the stars were motionless, but Copernicus had realized that the distance between the stars and the sun was very far away.
It was not until 17 10 that the British astronomer Harley discovered that the stars were moving. It was also by observing the starry sky at that time that Harley found that some stars had slight angular deviation from the ancient Greek map, and then deduced that the stars were not eternal. This shows that the star map drawn by ancient Greek astronomers is very accurate and admirable.
The ancient people's understand of that sun and the stars shine.
Although humans have long realized that the sun and stars are luminous, the principle of luminescence was of course not understood as nuclear fusion until modern times. So what did the ancients think?
A long time ago, apart from creationism, people thought that the sun was a huge lighted coal ball. /kloc-in the 0/9th century, modern physics began to be enlightened, and people thought that the sun's luminescence originated from gravitational potential energy. With the rapid development of science and technology in the 20th century, in 1920, scientists put forward the theory that sunlight comes from nuclear fusion. After that, the mystery of stars in the universe was gradually solved.
To sum up, although the universe model established by ancient humans is wrong, the data of stars close to the earth in the solar system they observed are still very accurate. They found that the sun and stars shone early.
I only heard that during the Romance of the Three Kingdoms period, human beings could sit on the ground and watch the stars, which was rarely seen by the historical collectors in the Central Plains.
In distant ancient times, our ancestors had endless fantasies about fire and looked up at the stars in the long dark night, which also promoted the evolution of human thinking. Through long-term observation, our ancestors found many regular things, and some wise people summed up this achievement and came to this conclusion. It was recorded in ancient books about 2,000 years ago in China.
It is difficult for human beings on earth to avoid the sun every day. As early as ancient times, people can clearly see that the nearest star to the earth is the sun. Secondly, in proxima centauri Centauri, it takes 4.3 years for its light to reach the Earth.
Nevertheless, there is no end to the subject before mankind, and the subject of human exploration of the universe will always be infinite.
Among the earliest stars that humans can see, except the sun, the moon, mercury, Mars, Venus, Jupiter and Saturn (occasionally Uranus can be seen), other stars (including nebulae and other substances) are almost all substances in the universe. Except for a few luminous stars, more than 90% are dark matter that cannot be observed by humans.
In the whole universe, dark matter is only a minority, and dark energy is dominant. At present, there is no in-depth study on these two things. Even if we don't consider the two, black holes, black dwarf, dark nebulae and other non-luminous substances are abundant.
Because the star is a spherical luminous plasma condensed by gravity, the sun is the closest star to the earth. Almost all the stars that can be seen at other nights on earth are in the Milky Way, but because of their long distance, these stars seem to be just fixed luminous points.
ancients
Hundreds of years later, galileo telescope invented.
Talking about the road of new science from the eyes
I hope this article can make a modest contribution to science and technology.
Now you can see many qigong performances of armed police on the internet, which can break a pile of bricks, stones or iron. Why can the brittleness of flesh and blood break hard objects? What is the principle?
In fact, the mystery of the human body is endless. After long-term practice, the energy produced in the body is called work. For example, old people's bones are brittle and easy to break when they fall. If the bones in his body are filled with working substances, the density will increase, and it will not break easily if it exceeds bricks. It is a scientific principle that cells in ligaments and viscera are healthy if they are filled with this energy substance. Energy usually exists in the form of light.
Why can the human eye see things? In fact, today's scientific discovery shows that the eye is a camera, which plays the role of shooting objects and imaging them on the pineal gland of the brain. The lens of the human eye must cooperate with visible light (such as sunlight) to see things.
Now medicine finds that the pineal gland is very similar to the eyes, and Taoism calls it the Mud Pill Palace. In fact, your true self is in the human soul. If the pineal gland, eyes and eyes are full of work, what will happen? It can see things that ordinary people can't. It is equipped with infrared rays, ultraviolet rays and other rays in the universe, and this person has so-called special functions, and can see through the human body through the wall. Those particles with superb technology and finer energy density can see landscape life in other spaces.
Some people say that seeing is knowledge, but what you see with the naked eye is only the performance of visible light. For example, moths are colorful and beautiful in other infrared spectra, and many galaxies in the universe can only be seen with other infrared rays, so seeing is believing is wrong.
Now the double-slit experiment of scientific quantum science just knows that the universe is consciously multidimensional, so the theory of parallel cosmology multidimensional space appears. This is the scientific principle that traditional Taoists and Taoists can see the world of high-level space gods. This is not superstition, this is science.
We know that the meridians and acupoints of traditional Chinese medicine come from Taoist practice, and that's how they see it. Traditional theological techniques rely on such eyes, but today they rely on microscopes. Therefore, various high-tech products appeared in ancient times, such as fish washing pots. Qin Shiling's bronze sword turned out to be a chromium salt compound of memory alloy rust prevention.
Traditional theological science and technology believe that the human body is the most advanced machine, so the core is to cultivate and develop instinct and make the human body developed. The more developed the external machines are, the more backward the human body is, and many people can't even walk. The computer is too stupid to calculate accounts.
The weakness of the current scientific microscope is that it only looks at one point. If it can treat all molecules, atoms and particles as a whole like an eye, it can see the situation in other spaces. What I said will surprise a real professional scientist, and I will tell him a new way of science and technology. So theology is really high-tech rather than superstitious idealism.
Ancient prehistoric civilizations are all what I call theological techniques, and the interstellar cruise of spacecraft breaking through space has been developed.
Any product has a theory first, and then something, such as other spaces. You have no idea how long the universe is. How can we break through space? You know, but you don't have an eye microscope to observe it. How can you make machine matter conform to other spatial structures?
A truth spread in thousands of books (welcome to turn)
Man's understanding of the universe has been updating and advancing in correcting mistakes. Now, many of our past understandings of the universe are wrong. When we look at our present views in the future, it is difficult to guarantee that they are correct. For example, the big bang theory, the discussion of the age of the universe, and the discussion of stars.
In ancient times, if you look at the symbols of Yin-Yang diagram, you will know that people already knew it.