At the southern end of the stele gallery, there are two stone tablets that attract tourists' attention, and people often stop to watch. This is not because of superb calligraphy and carving skills and unique charm, but because of the attraction of the inscription content.
Such as: "Mr. Shack visited all the notes, and the real words, substitute notes and strange words in this world should not be destroyed"; "Xu Xiake is a strange man through the ages, and his travel notes are a wonderful book through the ages." Qian, the leader of the southeast literary world and the right assistant minister of the official department, wrote it to two friends in order to print Xu Xiake's Travels.
It is these two paragraphs that fully demonstrate the sincere friendship between Qian and Xu Xiake. Visiting Qian can be said to be the first famous scholar who objectively and accurately evaluated Xu Xiake and his works. First, he praised Xu Xiake as a "strange man through the ages" and regarded his travel notes as a "wonderful book through the ages".
Qian, born in Changshu, is famous for his aristocratic family.
Please give me the full text of Xu Xiake's travel notes. Diary of visiting Tiantai Mountain. In the north of Tiantai County, Zhejiang Province, there are many famous scenic spots such as Huading, Chicheng, Qiongtai, Taoyuan and Han Yan, among which Liang Shi Waterfall is the most famous.
First, it briefly describes the beautiful scenery along the way, and then focuses on climbing the peak of China, watching the broken bridge and the Pearl Curtain Waterfall. It also describes the scenery of the China Peak and the abnormal vegetation, especially the broken bridge water and pearl curtain, which are quite detailed. It is also unusual to indicate the width of the cave and the towering stone wall outside the cave.
Later, the scenes of Han Yan, Mingyujian and Qiongtai were also described one by one. This was written by Xu Xiake when he first visited Tiantai Mountain. The time is 16 13. 1632, he visited again and made another note.
This record basically reflects the panorama of Tiantai Mountain, and the language is fresh, simple, concise and accurate. From this article, we can see the basic style of Xu Xiake's travel notes. Guichou (A.D. 16 13) leaves Ninghai for the West Gate on the last day of each month.
The clouds are getting brighter and brighter, and people are happy. Three miles to Huangliangshan.
I heard that Yu Tu is a tiger on the road, hurting dozens of people every month, so I stopped for the night. It rained early on the first day of April.
Fifteen miles, the road is divided, the horse head goes west to Mount Tai, and the sky is getting worse. After more than ten miles, I arrived at Songmenling. The mountain was steep and the road was slippery, so I rode and walked.
Since Fenghua, although the mountains are heavy, they all follow the foothills; At this point, the detour is close to the ridge. However, after the rain, the weather is fine, and the spring sounds like mountains, one after another, and the mountain azaleas are reflected. Today, people climb the calendar and forget the hardships.
Fifteen more miles, bamboo temple rice. Wheat is planted everywhere on the top of the mountain.
From the south of Mount Zhu Jin, you will clear the road to the countryside. It's perfect to have a meal with the monk Yunfeng of Guoqing. The monk Yunfeng said that he had arrived in Liang Shi. The long road is dangerous and the luggage is inconvenient. If you don't go into battle lightly, you must treat National Day with a heavy burden.
Yuran agreed, and ordered Dan Fu to go to the National Day with Yunfeng. Yu and Master were on the lotus boat: respect the monk as the Tao. Walk five miles and cross Jinzhuling.
There are many dwarf pines beside the ridge, with their old stems buckling, green roots and beautiful leaves, and everything in the Nagato Basin. After more than 30 miles, I arrived at Amitabha Temple.
Up and down the mountain, Shan Ye is desolate and lonely, afraid of hiding tigers and burning vegetation. Spring is full, and the road is unique to travelers.
Buddhist nun is in the low-lying area of Wanshan depression, and the road is barren and long. If appropriate, you can eat and live. The next day after dinner, the rain stopped.
Then the water trickled down, the stream stone gradually quieted down, and the temple was closed at dusk. In the morning, I slept on the summit of the mountain, thinking that it was near the edge, covered with halberds for several days, and there was no sunny day.
And even in my dream, I hear the stars all over the sky, and I can't sleep. From the morning of the third day of the third year, the fruit Sun Ye originally meant that the fire was burning very vigorously, which meant that the sun was burning and the decision was made by the top.
Walk a few miles and arrive at Huading Temple. In the middle of the night, near the top, it is the Taibai Hall, which is nothing impressive. There is a yellow meridian hole in the lower left of the warm soup, which comes from the path.
On the second road, I saw a sudden stone and thought it was quite beautiful. At the last minute, a monk was tied to the front of the temple, fearing that the wind would blow from the cave and blocked its door with a stone-like plug, greatly lamenting.
Go back to Taibai and go up the road. The grass is decadent, the mountains are high and the wind is strong, the frost on the grass is high, and the reflection of the four mountains is beautiful.
The mountain flowers in Jiao Ling are in full bloom, but they don't spit at the top, and the cover is limited by cold. Or go down to Huading Temple, cross the bridge by the pool, and cross the Three Tombs.
The stream meets the mountain, and the wood and stone are beautiful and turn into a strange peak, which is extremely satisfying. Twenty miles, across the broad top of the mountain, to Liang Shi, to the Buddha's epiphyllum pavilion, busy watching waterfalls.
From the bottom of the lake to the bottom of the lake, looking up at Liang Shi Waterfall, the sky suddenly opened up. I heard that broken bridges and bead curtains are the best. The monk said that he would go back and forth after dinner, so he walked from Xianfu Bridge to the back hill.
Over a ridge, along an 89-mile-long stream, the waterfall pours down from the stone gate and rotates in a trilogy. The upper layer is a broken bridge, two stones cross obliquely, and water breaks between the stones and flows into the pool; The two stones in the middle face each other like doors, and the water is a bundle of doors, which is very lively; The mouth of the lower pool is quite wide, and the diarrhea is like a sill, and the water slopes down from the depression.
The three levels are all tens of feet high, and each level is amazing. However, following the steps, the corner is covered with songs and can't be seen at once. It is also a bead curtain, and the water falls on Jinbe, which is slow and swift. I jump barefoot on the grass, rubbing against the wooden cliff is climbing branches, and the lotus boat is also involved.
It was dark, and then I came back. I stopped at Xianfu Bridge and watched Liang Shi lying in the rainbow, and the waterfall sprayed with snow, and I almost didn't want to lie down.
On the fourth day of the fourth day, Tianshan Mountain was as beautiful as jade. Without breakfast, you can follow the fairy raft to the Epiphyllum Pavilion, and Liang Shi is just outside the pavilion.
Liang Guoji is more than three feet long and stands between two valleys. Two waterfalls came from the pavilion on the left and landed under the bridge. The original meaning of Honglei River is collapse, which means that the river is running, with a foot of 100 feet.
I walked up from the beam and looked down at the deep pool. My hair and bones were shocked. The beam is exhausted, separated by a big stone. It can't reach the mountain ahead, but it's still there.
After epiphyllum, enter Shangfangguang Temple. Go along the stream in front of the temple, go back to the big stone on another mountain, and sit and watch Liang Shi.
I went to promote rice for the monks in the temple next door. Fifteen miles after dinner, I arrived at Wannian Temple and boarded the Sutra Pavilion.
The pavilion has two floors, the north and south floors of Tibetan scriptures. There are many ancient Chinese fir trees in front of the temple and behind it. Knowing that there are three people around, cranes nest on the ground, and the sound is loud and clear, and the mountains are also clear.
On that day, I wanted to go to Tongbai Palace, find Qiongtai and find a pair of birds. The road was full of mazes, so I sought to go to National Day. Go to Wan Li on National Day and visit the Dragon King Hall.
Every time I reached the next hurdle, I said I was already on the flat ground, and the next few times were heavy, but the situation was still not over, and I realized that the top of the flower was high and not far away! At dusk, enter the Qing Dynasty and meet Yunfeng. If I were an old friend, I would be curious about business. The cloud said, "There is no place like two rocks. It's far away, but you can ride it.
After passing two stones and then setting foot on Taoyuan, you can see Cuicheng and Chicheng at a glance when you reach Tongbai. "On the fifth day, it rained, no matter. I took two cold and bright rocky roads and found a ride from the temple to the west gate.
Go on horseback, it's going to rain. Fifty miles to the end, when the rain stops, ride.
In the second mile, I entered the mountain, and the peaks and mountains reflected the water, and the wood was beautiful and the stone was strange. I was very happy. There comes a stream in Dongyang, which is urgent and as big as Cao E.
Looking around, there are no rafts, bearing the burden of slaves. Knee-deep, temporarily crossing a stream.
From Li San to Yan Ming. Yan Ming is a cold mountain, a hidden place, two mountains turn back, the so-called eight-inch pass in the record.
When you enter the customs, you will be surrounded by cliffs, just like a city. Finally, the hole is tens of feet deep and can accommodate hundreds of people.
Outside the cave, there are two rocks on the left, both in half; There are stalagmites on the right, standing on the Qi stone wall, which are out of line. The pines, cypresses, violets, and wēng cūng wēNGC 33 ng are lush on the ground, just opposite and amazing. Go out of the eight-inch pass, cross a stone and turn left, too.
When I came, I looked up like a gap, and it was opened by hundreds of people. A well in the rock.
Fairy wells are shallow and inexhaustible. There is a special stone outside the rock, which is several feet high, like two people standing on it. Monks refer to it as Hanshan Cloud.
Enter the temple. After dinner, the clouds spread, the new moon was in the sky, people were at the top of the back rock, and the light was bright over the wall.
On the sixth day, I left the temple early in the morning and went to Han Yan in Liuli. The stone wall is as straight as a crack. Looking up at the sky, there are many caves.
There is a hole in the half of the rock, which is 80 steps wide and 100 steps deep and flat.
3. Translate Xu Xiake's travel notes and visit Huangshan Diary. Translation of ancient Chinese prose goes east from a fork in the road, which is a place that has never been before, so go straight ahead and almost reach the side of Tiandu Peak. Going north and up again, walking in the crevices, stone peaks rise up one after another. The road winds between the stone peaks: if the road is impassable, cut it; In steep places, cut into steps and climb up; If the road is broken, set up a board to cross it; Where there is a big gap between the upper and lower parts, build a rope ladder to connect them and climb up again. Looking down from time to time, the steep valley makes people feel gloomy. Maple and pine trees alternate with each other, colorful, staggered and picturesque. So I think Huangshan is one of the wonders I can see in my life. However, there are wonders like Tiandu Peak. I didn't explore it. What a pity!
Looking back, my followers all fell behind because of obstacles, so I stopped to climb again; I didn't pay attention to them because the scenery along the way unconsciously tempted me to climb alone. I have climbed to the top of a mountain, only to see a temple standing on it as if to fly. This is Wen Shu College, where I have never been. Standing at the top of this mountain, there is Tiandu Peak on the left and Lotus Peak on the right, backed by the mountain wind from Yuping Peak, as if the beautiful scenery of Tiandu Peak and Lotus Peak can be embraced by hands. Looking around, all kinds of wonderful peaks and valleys are arranged at will, which is simply the most spectacular place in Huangshan Mountain. It's not my second visit to Huangshan. How do you know that the wonder of Huangshan has reached such a state!
I happened to meet a marching monk, Cheng Yuan, and I was even more interested. After noon, the servants arrived. A group of people stood in front of the temple, pointing to the two peaks of Heaven and Lotus. The monk in the temple said: "Tiandu Peak is very close, but it is steep and there is no road; It is best to see Tiandu Peak nearby and climb Lotus Peak early tomorrow morning. " I didn't listen, so I decided to go to Tiandufeng.
Lead the monks and servants of Chengyuan to the rugged mountain road. On the side of Tiandu Peak, we circled along the flowing rocks, caught weeds and thorns, stepped on the stones when we saw the road piled with stones, and climbed up the cliff when we saw the sloping side of the stone cliff. Whenever we get to a place where there is nowhere to put our hands and feet, the monks in Chengyuan will climb up first and then pull us up. It's hard to go up in my heart. What should I do if I come down? However, if you make up your mind, you can never go back.
After many hardships and dangers, I finally reached the peak of Tiandu Peak. There is only one stone on the top of the mountain, which is dozens of feet high. Chengyuan looked around and saw steps on its side, so he climbed up with me. Looking down from the mountain, all the peaks are below Tiandu Peak, but Lotus Peak can be flush with it. The fog comes out for a while, disappears for a while, and the fog comes for a while, which is difficult to see on the opposite side. Looking at peaks such as Lotus Peak in the distance, most of them are hidden in the fog. Climbing Tiandu Peak alone, I walk forward and the fog runs behind. I took a few steps to the right and the fog came out from the left. The pine trees on the peak are also curved and straight, lying upright and with different shapes; Although cypress is very big, it is born on stones, just like moss. The mountains are high and the wind is natural, and the fog is erratic. Overlooking the peaks, in the clouds, it is sometimes a green sharp mountain, and sometimes it is swallowed into a silver ocean. Looking down the hill, the sun shines brightly, and there is no world.
Note: Xu Xiake should be prepared to climb Tiandu Peak on this day. First, I walked a mountain road between the cracks, and then I arrived at a transit station (I don't know what the peak is, but I know there is a temple called Wenshuyuan). I took a break and then continued in the afternoon.
This article is full of ups and downs, which can be described as difficulties and obstacles. The author's foil technique is superb. First, he wrote about the difficulty of marching between stones, which set off the difficulty of climbing Tiandu Peak "climbing grass and pulling out thorns" and "having no hands and feet". He also used the guidance of monks in the temple to set off the hardships of the road and further set off the poet's determination to climb Tiandu Peak. Why did the author take the bull by the horns and make up his mind to climb it? This is because the scenery of Tiandu Peak is wonderful. The author finally climbed to the top of Tiandu Peak and saw the changes of clouds and strange pines and cypresses, which seems to be a reward for the author.
The Yangtze River and the Yellow River are two main rivers in the north and south, because they lead to the sea respectively. Our county is just at the crossroads where the great river enters the sea, named after the Yangtze River, and will come to an end here because of its huge water potential. People who grew up in this place, looking at the vast current, know that it is far away; Tracing back to the source, people who know that it is far away only think that it originated in Minshan Mountain. I preliminarily researched the records in ancient books and found that the Yellow River flowed into the Central Plains from Jishishan. Tracing back to the source, some people took a raft before the prince of Bo, and some actually wore golden tiger charms. Their accounts are inconsistent. It is said that it is in the north of Kunlun Mountain, and it is estimated that the place is only one mile away from Minshan Mountain. Why is the source of the Yangtze River short and the source of the Yellow River long? Is the Yellow River twice as big as the Yangtze River? When you cross the Huaihe River and wade across the Bianhe River, you can see that the water flow of the Yellow River is like a belt, and the water surface is less than one third of the width of the Yangtze River. Isn't the Yangtze River so big that the inflow of water can't catch up with the Yellow River? After crossing the Sanqin area to the north, it exhausts the Wuling Mountains to the south and reaches Shimenguan and Jinsha River to the west. Then I learned that the water flowing into the Yellow River in China is from five provinces, namely Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong and Nanzhili. The water flowing into the Yangtze River is from eleven provinces, including Shaanxi, Sichuan, Henan, Huguang and Nanzhili in the northwest and Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong and Fujian in the southwest.
5. The main content of Xu Xiake's travel notes is 1. The main contents are as follows: mainly describe Xu Xiake's travel observation from 16 13 to 1639, and make a detailed record of geography, hydrology, geology, plants and other phenomena.
2. The Travels of Xu Xiake is a geographical work with diary style. Xu Hongzu, a geographer at the end of Ming Dynasty, wrote 17 travel notes of Mount Taishan, Yandang Mountain, Huangshan Mountain and Lushan Mountain, as well as Travel Notes of Zhejiang, Travel Notes of Jiangyou, Travel Notes of Chu and Journey to the West of Guangdong. There are 10, 12, 20 volumes, etc., which have high geographical and documentary value.
3. Xu Xiake (1587— 164 1), whose real name is Hongzu (also known as Hongzu), whose real name is Zhenzhi, alias Xiake, is from Jiangyin, Jiangsu. Xu Xiake is one of the great geographers in the history of China, as well as a famous traveler and writer.
6. Translation of an article in Xu Xiake's Travels: I considered the book "The Unified Records of Daming" and said: "The water of Yanqi Waterfall comes from the salt lake at the top of Yandang Mountain."
Two slaves and I climbed two mountains to the east, and there was no sign of anyone. Soon the mountain is getting higher and higher, the ridge is getting narrower and narrower, and both sides are almost upright, just like walking on the back of a knife.
Coupled with sharp stone protrusions, every time you cross a mountain ridge, you will see a steep mountain peak, which seems to climb from the gap of the sword. Climbing like this has happened many times. From a distance, I just don't think the top of the mountain can hold even one foot. How can it hold a lake? After a while, when I reached the summit, a huge stone was like a knife. I'm worried that the sharp edge of the stone will scratch people, and there is not even a stone front to step on! Hesitant on the cliff, afraid to go back.
Looking down, there is a step under the stone wall in the south. Let the slave untie the four cloth straps of leggings and tie them together, and hang them from the cliff. Hang one slave to the end first, and the others in turn. I think maybe I can find a way to climb up. At the bottom, you can only stand on your feet, and there is no extra place.
Look at the cliff under the rock, which is about 100 feet deep. I'm going to climb up again. The cliff above is more than three feet high, so it's impossible to jump up. I had to throw the cloth belt on my body to try. The cloth belt was pulled tightly, scratched by the front of the protruding stone and suddenly disconnected from the middle.
Then find a way to continue hanging on the cloth belt and prance with all your strength before climbing the rock. After returning to Yunjing Temple, it was near evening.
7. Seek excerpts from Xu Xiake's travels; On the 13th, Xu Xiake went out of the mountain gate and followed the foothills to the right. The rocks were rugged and flowing.
The high spread is Ban Zhangyan [1]. Those who stand dangerously under the rock and are stuck by sharp points are small shear peaks [2].
Even before, on the heavy rock, there was a mountain peak standing in the sky, and that was Guanyin Rock. On one side of the rock, Ma 'anling straddles the front [3].
The bird road twists and turns, turns right after crossing the depression, the stream makes soup [4], and the bottom of the ravine is like a rock [5]. Go deep along the stream, go to Lingyan for more than ten miles, cross Chang Yunfeng [6], and then the big scissors peak stands next to the stream [7].
To the north of the scissors, steep boulders stand, which is the famous Li Anyun Peak [8]. Since then, the rock has been poor.
Dragon [9] Waterfall hits the pool, the rock potential is steep, the water is nowhere to be found, and the heart is dizzy. There is a hall on the pool, which is said to be the place where Nano looks at the spring [10].
After the hall, the level is straight, there is a winged waterfall pavilion, and it is sedentary. In Xiafan 'an, the rain was not only [1 1], but the rest flew to the top of Yanhu Mountain [12].
Then he braved the rain to Chang Yunfeng, climbed three miles from the pine and cypress cave in the middle of the peak and walked to Baiyun Temple. Empty temple [13]. A person in the grass, see a guest, look [14].
A mile away, there is Yunjing Temple, which is a place to stay. Road flyover Qing Yin, bedridden for decades, can still talk and laugh.
Seeing the clouds and rain, I can't help worrying about tomorrow morning. 14, the sky suddenly cleared up and it was the hermit's guide.
Yin Qing means that the lake is covered with grass and becomes a wasteland, but it can be sent to the summit. More meaning to the top, the lake can sit; So people grabbed a stick, climbed deep into the grass, gasped step by step, counted the miles and began to climb high.
Looking at the white clouds, it is colorful and lying flat under the peak. The peaks are blossoming, only one is exposed, and the sun reflects. For example, the curling Yao community [15] does not distinguish between land and sea, but Yuhuan [16] can be seen everywhere in the sea.
Seen from the north, the mountains stand on the wall, and stalagmites are dense and uneven. Surrounded by green cliffs on three sides, it is better than Lingyan, but the valley is secluded, but you can't tell where it is.
Looking around the mountains, it looks like a mound [17], but the east peak is towering, and the easternmost cloud is shoulder-to-shoulder. The leader excused himself, which means that the lake is at the peak of the west axil, or it will take three points, and the rest will follow.
And the more sharp the bend, the more lifeless the road is; One more thing, the summit has been half a day. Read the "Record" cloud [18]: "Swing on the top of the mountain [19], and the water of Longqiao swings by itself [20]."
Today, the mountain is descending and humid [2 1], but it starts from the east peak and is separated by two valleys, so it goes against the east, and those who look at the top of the east peak tend to follow it. Lotus boat can't get tired from [22] and go along the old road. In, dongdu Erling, no one.
The higher the mountain, the narrower the ridge, sandwiched on both sides, such as the back of a knife. The edge of the stone is angry again. Every time you cross a ridge, that is, a steep mountain peak, you climb up from the gap between swords, and so on, but the situation is not enough.
Anneng ronghu? The peak of a stone is like a split, which provokes people to fear the stone peak [23], and no peak is enough. I rushed to the cliff, afraid to go back to the old road. Overlooking the south stone wall, there are steps, so I took off four domestic slaves and hung them on the cliff. I took the slave first, then followed.
The road is feasible, there is no room. Looking at the bottom of the rock, the bucket is hundreds of feet deep [24], and the total picture is restored. The rocks above are also embedded in the air for more than three feet, so they can't fly at all.
Try to hold a piece of cloth, which was strangled by a sudden stone and suddenly hit. If you pause it, you will try your best to climb the rock again.
Back to Yunjing Temple, it was getting west. The master and servant are poor in clothes and shoes [25], and the ups and downs of the lake are sought.
After I left, I returned to Ba Long. After the rain accumulated, the surging waves poured in, which changed the extreme situation. It thundered and snowed twice as much as yesterday. Sit down until you get off the boat, and walk four miles south, Su Nengren Temple [26].
15, the number of bamboos found behind the temple was [27], as thin as branches; New branches in the forest can be as big as several inches [28], but not as soft as branches [29]; Old ke cut exhausted [30]! Then from Qidu 49 Pan [3 1], all the way to Zunhai, Nan [32], Yao 'aoling [33] and Yueqing. Note: [1] Banzhangyan: Iron plate Zhang Yan, whose stone color is dark brown and paved like a screen, hence its name.
[2] Little Scissors Peak: It is named because the peak looks like scissors. The other peak is about the same size, called Scissors Peak.
[3] Ma 'anling: the boundary ridge between the eastern and western valleys of Yandang Mountain. [4] soup (shāng injury) soup: the appearance of water rushing.
[5] Shoe (dǐ bottom): oilstone. Fine is given priority to, rough is sharpening.
[6] Chang Yunfeng: A Fuling Mountain [7] Interface: Independent. [8] Lian Yunfeng: Also known as Zhang Lianyun, the famous Dalong Waterfall pours down from this mountain.
[9] Longbeiqi Waterfall: Dalong Waterfall. Wan Hu Waterfall spewed down from Lianyun Peak at 190 meters, with thunder rumbling and flying snow splashing.
When it is dry, the pixel-colored tulle of the waterfall is as beautiful and lovely. Yuan Mei, a poet in Qing Dynasty, said: "Longqiu Mountain is extremely high, and the first waterfall takes cotton.
Above five feet, it's still water, and below ten feet, it's all smoke. The situation is from 100 feet to thousands of feet, and the water and clouds are inseparable. "
[10] Noina: Also translated as Noyiluo, one of the eighteen arhats. This refers to Sichuan monk Luo. According to legend, he led 300 disciples in He Jinyong Middle School to Yandang in the east to see Dalong Waterfall. He was surprised and sat here.
Therefore, later generations erected towers to build temples and respected them as the founders of the mountains. [1 1] Cheap fiber: described as tiny.
[12] Salt Lake Mountain: a salt lake mountain with an altitude of about 1000 meters. The lake at the top of the mountain is Yandang Lake, which is a Pinghu lake. Autumn geese live here, hence the name Yandang Mountain.
[13]ü(pǐpi): extinction. [14] Wang: the way to go without caring.
[15] Curling: a jade pot filled with water, white and clear. The language version of Bao Zhao's White-headed Song: "Straight as a string of silk, as bright as jade pot ice."
Yaojie: Qiongyu World, described as clean and tidy. [16] Sea: refers to the East China Sea.
Yuhuan: Island name, now Yuhuan County, Zhejiang Province. Yuhuan Mountain is on the island, facing Yandang Mountain across the sea in the northwest.
Touch: Jude said a long strip. [17] Di (dié): ant seal.
This generally refers to small mounds. [18] Records: refers to the unified records of Daming.
[19] Swing: refers to the Wild Goose Lake. [20] This record is not accurate.
In the spirit of "applying what you have learned, applying what you have learned", Xu Xiake climbed the top of Yandang Mountain twice in 20 years, and finally found out the source of Dalong Waterfall and the exact location of Salt Lake, and corrected the fallacy of the old records. [2 1] Upper dam: refers to Dalong Waterfall.
[22] Lotus boat: the owner of the lotus boat mentioned in the diary of visiting Tiantai Mountain. [23] Item: Past.
Tease: to tease or tease. [24] Dou: the loan word of "steep".
[25] shoes (lǐLu): shoes. Me: It's broken.
[26] Nengren Temple: In the early Song Dynasty, monks first built a temple here, and in the second year of Xianping (999), it was called "the first temple of Yanshan Mountain" in history. [27] Chimonobambusa: Also known as Tetragonal Bambusa, its stems are obtuse, rounded and quadrangular, which can be used to make walking sticks.
A few handles: a few. [28] Diameter inch: one inch in diameter.
[29] Zhong (zhòng): Suitable for, in line with. [30] ke: branch.
Almost (Dai à i): near, almost. [3 1] Qi: Qi, a fork in the road.
8. The full text of "Xu Xiake's Travel Notes Diary of Yunnan Travel" explains the original text: Suddenly I saw a hole on the cliff, so I climbed up. It's rough. After walking half a mile, the soil is not cut enough, so we have to climb the grass roots. Grassroots are blameless, but fortunately stones; However, the stone is not strong, it will fall if you practice it, and it will fall if you climb it. If you get a little sticky, you can't move a step. If you want to go up, you can't help yourself. You've never experienced more dangers in your life. For a long time, I tried to get the indestructible stone with both hands and feet, then one hand moved in the air, one foot moved in the air, and the other hand moved in the air. Fortunately, the stone will not fall; I fell limply, and for a long time, I was lucky to get up. ……
Suddenly, I found a cave with its mouth facing east on the cliffs, and I climbed up with my head up. The top of the cliff is very steep. After climbing for half a mile, the earth cliff was too steep to rest, so I grabbed the grass roots and climbed up. After a while, the grass roots couldn't help me, but fortunately I came to the cliff area; But the stone is not strong, it will fall off if you step on it, and it will fall off if you scratch it. Occasionally, I can find a slightly solid stone. When my feet are tight, my fingers are caught, just like sticking to a cliff, and I can't move a step. I want to go up without assistance and there is no place to go down. This is the most dangerous situation I have ever experienced in my life. After a long time, I first tried to find a solid stone around my hands and feet, and then I moved one hand and another foot in the air. After firmly grasping one hand and one foot, I moved the other hand and the other foot in the air. Fortunately, the stone didn't fall. I fell limply for a long time, but I got up. ..... ① Sharp cutting. (2) falling. 3 posts are the same as "posting". (4) Destruction and cracking.
1. Consult the reference book and pay attention to the word "between" in "those that become a little sticky". ( 1)
2. Understand the charm of classical Chinese. Please read the original text carefully and fill in the classical Chinese words "Zhi", "Yi" and "Qi" in (1), (2) and (3) according to your own language sense. (2 points)
Please read the underlined sentences several times and break them with three commas after fluency. (2 points)
4. The author's difficult climbing experience is thought-provoking. What impressed you most after reading it? Please write your thoughts according to the specific content in the article. The number of words is about 40. (3 points)
Answer: 1. ( 1)Jian
2.(2 points) (1) its; (2) Right; (3) it。 (1 one wrong deduction, 2 points at most. )
3.(2 points) If you want to go up, no one will help you. If you want to go down, you have no land, and you have never been in danger in your life. (1 one quota, with a maximum of 2 points. )
4.(3 points) (No "standard answer". The core ability of this topic is to understand the connotation of the work and get useful enlightenment. Understand clearly, conform to the meaning of the text, and think properly. )