Complete Printing Terms
-Bleed:
Any image that extends beyond the trim line or into the book slot. The bleed must indeed exceed the pre-height line to allow for slight misregistration during trimming or binding.
- Full bleed:
(full bleed) The part of the printed image that extends beyond the four sides of the paper. Since few printers can print past the edge of the paper, all four sides must be trimmed.
- CIElab:
A device-independent color space that usually describes color in three variables (L, A, B).
- CMYK:
Cyan, magenta, yellow, black---four printing colors. YMCK and KCMY are both synonyms of CMYK. YMCK may be a spelling error caused by people's habits, while KCMY may be a certain radio station in Nebraska. In printing, the order of letters may also imply the printing order of four-color printing. Therefore, KCMY often indicates that the ink is printed as black, cyan, magenta, and yellow.
- Client/server: (client/server)
A computing model in which a central control computer called a "server" is associated with distributed computers called "clients". Clients can use software on the server to perform specific tasks.
- Color gamut: (color gamut)
All colors that can be processed by a color printer.
- Color separation: (color separation)
A method of converting an original into a structural form compatible with the color printing process.
- Color space: (color space)
A three-dimensional or four-dimensional positioning coordinate system, each representing a type defined by three (RGB) or four (CMYK) variables color.
- Crop marks: (crop marks)
Lines printed around the edge of the paper to indicate the cutting location.
- Density: (density)
Reflection density refers to the light-shielding ability of a surface; transmission density refers to the light-shielding ability of a filter.
- Direct-to-plate: (direct-to-plate)
The typesetting digital page file is directly output from the host computer to the laser plate making machine, eliminating the need for negative film production, also known as Make CTP (computer-to-plate).
- Download: (download)
Transfer data from one computer to another computer or device such as a printer.
-Phototypesetter: (filmsetter)
Another name for laser typesetter, mainly used to make image color separations.
- Four-color printing: (four-color printing)
Use the three primary colors of the subtractive color method (yellow, magenta, cyan) and black for printing. If orange and maroon are used, Printing with brown ink should not be called "four-color printing" but should
be called "spot color printing" or "point color printing".
- Gray balance: (gray balance)
An important characteristic of the color reproduction process. The blending of cyan, magenta, and yellow inks or colorants can produce achromatic neutral gray in the color space.
-Printing printing:
The process of transferring graphic information on the original manuscript to the substrate using a printing plate or other means.
- Planographic printing:
A printing method using lithography.
- Offset lithography:
The graphics and text on the printing plate are first printed on the intermediate carrier (rubber cylinder) and then transferred to the substrate.
- Offset printing press:
According to the principle of indirect printing, the printing plate transfers graphics and text to the substrate for printing through a blanket transfer roller.
- Printing technology:
Various specifications, procedures and operating methods for printing
- DTP (Desktop Publishing System)
< p>Color desktop publishing system: input images and text into the computer, use the computer to process and process the images, draw graphics, and then assemble the graphics, images, and text into a full-page versionThe electronic layout is output using a laser imagesetter to become the original printing plate.
- CTP (Computer To Plate):
With the further development of printing technology, not only can plates be made directly from originals, but also direct interfaces between computer publishing systems and printing presses can be realized. From original to printing in one step.
- Indirect printing:
The ink on the graphic part of the printing plate is transferred to the surface of the substrate through an intermediate carrier.
-Original:
The physical object or graphic information on the carrier on which the plate is made.
-Printing plate:
A printing graphic and text carrier used to transfer ink to the substrate. It is usually divided into four categories: letterpress, intaglio, flat and perforated.
- Printing stock:
Various substances that can accept ink or absorb color materials and present graphics and text.
- Plate making:
The process of copying the original manuscript into a printing plate.
- Image plate making image reproduction:
A general term for copying image originals by manual, lighting, electronic and other plate making methods.
- halftone, screen tone:
The tone of the picture expressed by the dot size.
-Positive image:
In black-and-white and color reproduction, an image whose tone and gray tone are consistent with the object being copied.
- Negative image:
In black-and-white and color reproduction, an image whose tone and gray tone are opposite to those of the object being copied.
- Color separation:
The process of decomposing a color original into monochrome versions.
- Computerized phototypesetting system:
A complete set of typesetting equipment consisting of a character and typesetting instruction input device, a correction device, a proof output device, a control device and a phototypesetting host.
- Text composition:
The process of composing text manuscripts into a prescribed format according to design requirements.
- Make-up:
Assemble text, graphics, etc. into a layout according to design requirements.
- Printing down:
The process of transferring information from negative or positive negatives to printing plates or other photosensitive materials using contact exposure.
- Proofing:
Copy the proof from the combined graphic and text information.
- Presensitized plate:
A lithographic printing plate that is pre-coated with a photosensitive layer and can be printed at any time, referred to as the "PS" plate.
- Post-press finishing:
The production process that enables printed matter to obtain the required shape and performance, such as binding.
- Double-sided printing perfect printing:
Use two different printing plates to complete the front and back printing on the same substrate at the same time.
- Original block copy for printing:
The picture and text negative used for printing.
- Sheet-fed printing:
Printing using a sheet of paper or other sheet material as the substrate.
- Web-fed printing:
Printing using web paper or other web materials as the substrate.
- Multi-color printing:
In one printing process, two or more ink colors are printed on the substrate.
- Offset printing trouble:
A general term for defects that affect normal printing or print quality during the offset printing process.
-Format:
Cut a full sheet of paper into several small sheets of equal area. The binding cost is determined by the format.
- Sheet piling:
Before single-sheet printing, the paper or substrate to be printed is neatly stacked on the paper feeding table.
- Color ream:
Lithographic unit of measurement. One color order is printed on 1,000 sheets of folio paper.
- Print impression:
A unit of measurement for the amount of paper used in a book.
Print both sides of a single folio paper as one printed sheet.
- Paper seasoning:
Hang the paper before printing to balance the moisture content of the paper with the temperature and humidity of the printing workshop to maintain the paper size
Stable.
- Sheet feeder:
A device in an offset printing press that transports the paper to be printed from the paper pile to the positioning mechanism.
- Rule gauge:
The paper positioning component of the sheet-fed offset printing press.
- Front lay:
The paper stop component that accurately positions the paper at the edge of the mouth.
- Side mark:
A component that accurately positions the side edge of the paper.
- Sheet transfer:
Transfer the positioned paper and other substrates to the impression cylinder through the paper delivery teeth for printing.
- Transfer gripper:
It takes the substrate such as paper from the front guide and transfers it to the gripper part of the cylinder when synchronized with the impression cylinder.
- Feed edge:
When printing on a sheet of paper, the white edge left at the front of the printing plate and paper.
- Delivery unit:
The mechanism on the printing press that collects printed sheets.
- Overprinting bring into register:
When printing with more than two colors, the graphics and text of each color separation plate can achieve and maintain accurate registration.
- Register line:
The cross lines and corner lines set on the edge of the printing plate are the basis for proofreading and checking registration.
- Register difference:
The error in overlapping of imprints during the color registration printing process.
- Color batch:
The basic color and its mixed color standard represented by solid and (or) mesh color blocks; it can also be used as each sub-color during plate making and printing. color version of the mark.
- Fountain solution:
An aqueous solution used to moisten the printing plate during the printing process.
- Solid:
The unscreened surface on the printing plate that receives ink evenly.
- Ultraviolet drying UV curing:
The ultraviolet ink or varnish on the substrate is rapidly polymerized and solidified through ultraviolet irradiation.
- Damping:
In order to maintain the ink repellency of the blank part of the lithographic printing plate before inking, the plate surface is moistened with dampening fluid.
- Streaks:
Stripe marks that appear on the anilox plane and are parallel to the axis of the cylinder are offset printing faults.
- Paste filling in:
Due to the overflow of ink in the graphics and text part of the printing plate, the imprint on the substrate is not clear, which is an offset printing fault.
- Off-page image weakening:
The fine tones of pictures and texts on the lithographic printing plate become lighter, the area of ??dots and lines decreases, and even the ink affinity is lost.
- Dirty plate scumming:
The blank part is inked due to poor wetting of the printing plate.
- Build-up:
Ink and other substances are deposited on the ink roller or blanket, forming relief-like deposits that affect ink and print transfer.
- Deinking rubbing off:
The metal ink roller is oxidized by the wetting solution and repels ink.
- Ink emulsification:
(1) The phenomenon of ink absorbing wetting fluid during the printing process.
(2) Printing failure caused by excessive absorption of wetting fluid in the ink.
- Napping ink picks:
During the printing process, the ink is too sticky or the paper surface strength is poor, causing paper fibers, fillers or coatings to peel off from the paper surface
Fall or be pulled off.
- Ghosting:
Double outlines of the same color dot lines or text on printed matter.
- Smudge set-off:
The printing ink printed on the substrate sticks to the back of another printed sheet, causing smearing.
- Print through:
The graphics and text printed on the paper are visible from the back.
Alcohol dampening: Add alcohol, isopropyl alcohol or other alcohols to the offset printing dampening solution to reduce the surface tension of water and help wet the printing plate.
- Damping system:
Part of the lithographic printing press, a mechanism used to transport and adjust the dampening fluid.
- form dampening roller:
The roller in the offset printing press that applies dampening fluid to the printing plate.
- Water fountain roller:
A roller that outputs wetting fluid from the water fountain.
- Water roller dampening vibrator:
An axially moving water transfer roller.
- Inking unit:
A component of the offset printing press, which adjusts and transfers the ink before each printing process and evenly applies the ink to the printing plate inking up The ink is applied to the graphic part of the printing plate through an ink roller.
- Form inking roller:
The roller in a printing press that applies ink to the printing plate.
- Ink fountain roller:
The roller that outputs ink from the ink fountain.
- Ink distributing roller:
A roller that transfers and distributes ink.
- Ink vibrator:
An ink distribution roller that moves axially.
- Four-color offset printing:
Using four color separation plates of yellow, magenta, cyan and ink, after ink overprinting, the color can be basically the same as the original. An offset printing method
.
- Printing ink printing stock:
The imaging material that is transferred to the substrate during the printing process: generally consists of colorants, binders, fillers and additives. It has certain fluidity and viscosity.
- Color atlas:
Using standard yellow, cyan, magenta, and black inks, the sum of color blocks of various colors is overprinted according to different dot percentages.
- Gripper:
In the printing process, the component that transfers and transfers paper and other substrates.
- Blanket:
The covering of the transfer cylinder on an offset printing press; a component of the lining.
- Rolling:
The relative rolling between the blanket cylinder and the plate cylinder or impression cylinder of the offset press under pressure.
- Bearer:
The raised steel rings at both ends of the drum are used to determine the drum gap. They are also the basis for adjusting the drum center distance and determining the lining thickness.
- printing pressure printing pressure:
The force of interaction between the imprinting bodies during the printing process.
- Nip line nip:
The contact zone produced at the moment of interaction between the impression bodies of "round flattening" and "round flattening" printing machines.
Cylinder-packing:
The covering on the impression body or under the printing plate of a printing press.
-Plate cylinder:
The cylindrical printing plate or its support on the printing press.
- Blanket cylinder:
In indirect printing, the transfer cylinder transfers the ink of the printing plate graphics and text to the substrate, and its surface is wrapped with a blanket.
-Impression cylinder:
The cylindrical impression body on the printing press.
- Density (optical density):
The characteristic measure of the light absorbed by an object, that is, the ratio of the amount of incident light to the amount of reflected light or transmitted light, using the reciprocal of transmittance or reflectivity The decimal logarithm representation of .
- Color density:
The density of a color screen, expressed by the decimal logarithm of the reciprocal of transmittance or reflectance.
- Tone:
In the restoration of image information, the optical expression of an area with uniform brightness.
- Tone value:
A measure of tone. In printing technology, it is usually expressed by the degree and density of transmission and reflection.
- Control strip:
A film strip composed of dots, solids, lines and other measurement targets, used to judge and control information during copying, printing, proofing and printing transfer.
- Moire:
Due to improper arrangement of dot angles in various color plates and other reasons, undue patterns appear in the printed image.
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There are many more, please see the URL I sent you for details
Reference materials: /color404/blog/item/4e3a5e3df8bc4704bba16706.html< /p>