Due to population migration and multi-ethnic mixing in Qinghai’s history, Qinghai dialect retains some ancient vocabulary, such as “Heilai” (yesterday), “Yangji” (asking for help), “ "Zhuyao" (cotton-padded jacket), "Huafan" (flexible), "Xingkou" (beggar), "Tougou" (livestock), "Bianshi" (dumplings), "Niansi" (last year), "Niezhang" ( Poor), "increasing death and taking away life" (very difficult), etc. Some Wuyue dialects have been retained, such as "jiliu" (quickness, cleverness), "chaoji" (annoyance), "qinjin" (diligence), "eye heat" (envy, jealousy), "face" (face), " "Songhuo" (writing brush), "Xihua" (lie), "Daiguo" (opposite), "water is boiling" (water is boiling), etc. There are also a large number of transliterations of Tibetan borrowed words, such as "Nangma" (internal), "Kama" (just right), "Awo" (brother), "Ami" (grandfather), "Mullaning" (not Skill), "Gangpa" (walking), "Bone Fork" (vulture), etc.
Loanwords from ethnic minority languages
In addition to Chinese, Qinghai’s languages ??include Tibetan, Mongolian, Tu, and Salar. Chinese Qinghai dialect has absorbed many elements of local minority languages ??in a multilingual environment, and has certain differences from other Chinese dialects in pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar and other aspects. Borrowed words are affected and restricted by language habits, language awareness and thinking patterns, causing the pronunciation and meaning of the original word to shift or transform. The pronunciation of borrowed words adapts to the pronunciation of the mother tongue, giving each borrowed word a certain tone (Amdo Tibetan, Mongolian, Tu and Salar, etc., all have no tone), and the meaning of the original word may also undergo certain changes, such as making the original The general scope of the word meaning is narrowed, expanded and transformed, so that the borrowed words basically have the "qualification" of Chinese and be recognized. The adverb of degree "muddleheaded" in Qinghai dialect
The Chinese Qinghai dialect belongs to a branch of Qinlong Mandarin in the Central Plains. Judging from the current situation, Qinghai is a multi-ethnic province with six ethnic groups as the main body: Han, Tibetan, Hui, Tu, Mongolian, and Salar. However, ethnic minority activities have always been dominant in history. Therefore, cultural mutual influence and linguistic blending between various ethnic groups are inevitable. Especially in terms of grammar and vocabulary, Qinghai dialect has outstanding personality and presents many characteristics that are obviously different from other northwest dialects and Mandarin. Just take the adverb "muddleheaded" that expresses degree in Qinghai dialect as a very prominent example. It is very commonly used in the spoken language of Qinghai dialect, and it is used very frequently.