Which dynasty is the legendary country in ancient books?

There is a jingle in the ancient history of China, which begins with the following words: Tang Yao, Yu Shun, Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period, Qin and Han Dynasties and Jin Dynasties, and the Southern Dynasties and the Northern Dynasties were rivals. This jingle has made the source of the Chinese nation from the Three Emperors and Five Emperors to the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and has been passed down to this day. We often say that we are an ancient civilization with a history of five thousand years. The five thousand years here are counted from the Three Emperors and Five Emperors, and from Tang Yao and Yu Shun.

However, there is a view that not only the Three Emperors and Five Emperors, Tang Yao and Yu Shun were not recognized, but the Xia Dynasty also aroused great doubts in the history circle. In other words, many people think that the Xia Dynasty is just a legendary dynasty, which does not exist in history.

This kind of suspicion makes many people unhappy, because it seriously damages everyone's national self-esteem. But if we analyze it carefully and don't have so many emotions, we will find that there is a reason why the Xia Dynasty was not recognized.

First of all, summer is not recognized, not that summer does not exist, but that it is not recognized as a country. Some scholars believe that the formation of a country has a process. First the tour group, then the tribe, then the emirate, and finally the country. At that time, the summer was actually only in the emirate stage and had not yet formed a country.

At that time, in the Central Plains, there were many such chiefdoms, none of which were big. Together, they are called "Summer". "Xia" means in the middle, that is to say, Xia and many small chiefs around it are called "Zhu Xia" by themselves and the people around them. It is obviously not in line with history to replace the ancestors of the whole Central Plains and even the whole Chinese nation with a small emirate like Xia.

Secondly, Xia found no archaeological evidence. Although some people think that Erlitou is the place where Xia once lived, there is no direct evidence at first; Second, the inside is very small. Such a small scale is obviously not the size of a country, and the archaeological remains inside can't prove the existence of a country. It's not as big as Yin Ruins, and it's fully functional. It's completely the size of a country.

Thirdly, before Shang Dynasty, chiefdom was very mobile, which was mainly reflected in the fact that chiefdom in the Central Plains was often replaced by foreign chiefdom. The reason for the substitution is mainly because when the emirate of Xia is already an emirate, the surrounding areas are likely to be some tribes or tourist groups. These tribal tours often fight. You beat me away today, and others beat you away tomorrow. In the Central Plains, because agricultural production is more advanced, the combat effectiveness is relatively weak. There is a concrete example to prove it. Huangdi tribe fought against Yan Di tribe, and finally Huangdi defeated Yan Di. The reason is that the Huangdi tribe is mainly a nomadic people, while the Yan Di tribe is a farming people. Therefore, Xia, who lives in the Central Plains, may have existed in history and was an emirate for a long time, but it may have been driven away by other tribes or tour groups.

Of course, archaeological suspicion that Xia is a country with a long history of hundreds of years does not deny our long ancient civilization and history. Moreover, as the birthplace of the Chinese nation, it is not only the Xiabu, but also the Sanxingdui culture, Niulianghe culture and many other birthplaces. If we want to find the source of the Chinese nation, it is really wrong to ignore these places.