A great poet and poet at the end of Eastern Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Southern Song Dynasty. He served as Jiangzhou Wine Sacrifice, Jianwei Army, Zhenjun, and Pengze County Order, and the last official position was Pengze County Order. He left his post for more than 80 days and retired to the countryside. He is the first pastoral poet in China, and is known as the "School of Ancient and Modern Hermit Poetry", with a collection of Tao Yuanming.
Main work
Volume one poem four words:
Stop the cloud (parallel order), make a fortune (parallel order), (parallel order), give Changsha Gong (parallel order), reward Ding Chai Sang, answer Pang Jun (parallel order), persuade farmers, make children and return birds.
Five words in the second volume of poetry:
Together (in sequence), nine days' leisure (in sequence), five poems about returning to the garden, a visit to Xie Chuanhe, the ancestor Xie Jingyi Saburo begging for food, a visit to the Baixia Tomb of Zhou Family by all the people, a complaint poem to master Pang Dengzhizhong, and a reply to Pang Shenjun (in sequence).
Volume three, poem five:
Qu Azuo was the first time that Zhen led the army to join the army. In mid-May, Gengzi returned to Chaolin, Xin Chou returned to Jiangling in July after his vacation, Guimao returned to his hometown in early spring to remember the past, Guimao returned to his hometown in December to respect his younger brother, Yi Si died in March, and Wushen returned to his former residence in June to meet the fire.
Volume four poems and five words:
Nine ancient poems, twelve miscellaneous poems, seven poems for helping the poor, two poems for sparse, three good poems, thirteen poems by Jing Ke, thirteen poems by reading Shan Hai Jing and three elegies.
Volume 5 "Fu Ci":
Fu is an unfamiliar literati (parallel prose preface), Fu is leisure, and Ci is the way home.
The sixth volume praise:
Peach Blossom Garden (a poem), Biography of Meng Yi, Biography of General Jin's Journey to the West, Biography of Mr. Wu Liu, Ode to a Painting Fan and Reading Nine Chapters of History (a preface).
Volume seven hydrophobic eulogy:
Deng Shu, Sacrifice to Sister, Sacrifice to Brother and Self-sacrifice
The Creative Background of Peach Blossom Garden
Tao Yuanming had the ambition of "helping the poor" when he was young. However, he lived in an era of changing owners in Jin and Song Dynasties. The Eastern Jin Dynasty was extremely corrupt, surrendered blindly to the outside world and settled in a corner of the rivers and lakes. The life of the ruling group is dissolute, civil strife continues, warlords have been fighting for years, and exorbitant taxes and levies have deepened the exploitation and oppression of the people.
In the turbulent era when the country was on the verge of collapse, Tao Yuanming's ambition could not be realized at all. At the same time, the Eastern Jin Dynasty inherited the old system, implemented the door-door system, and protected the aristocratic bureaucratic privileges of aristocratic gentry, resulting in intellectuals from small and medium-sized landlords having no chance to display their talents. A poor man like Tao Yuanming, whose ancestors and fathers only held first-class official positions, had a premature decline in his family. Of course, he was "ambitious and dedicated."
In addition, his personality is honest and frank, honest and honest, and he doesn't want to grovel and cling to the powerful, so he has a sharp contradiction with the dirty and dark real society and has a feeling of being out of place. In the first year of Yixi (405), he resolutely resigned from the Pengze county magistrate who took office only 8 1 day, and finally got rid of the ruler, retired to the countryside and lived in seclusion for a long time.
Although Tao Yuanming is far away in the Jianghu, he still cares about state affairs. In June of the second year of Yuanxi (420), Emperor Wu of Song abolished Emperor Gong Jin as the king of Lingling and changed his title to "Yongchu". In the second year, Emperor Wu of Song conspired to suffocate Gong Jin with a quilt. These can't help but cause waves in Tao Yuanming's thoughts. Starting from the inherent Confucian concept, he became dissatisfied with Emperor Wu of Song's regime and deepened his hatred of the real society.
But he can't change or interfere with this situation, so he has to express his feelings with the help of creation, and create a beautiful realm opposite to the dirty and dark society, in order to entrust his political ideals and good interests. Peach Blossom Garden was written in this context.
Extended data
In August of the first year of Yixi (AD 405), Yuan Ming was appointed as an official for the last time and said goodbye to Peng. In November, Cheng Shimei died in Wuchang. Yuan Ming wrote "Gui Xi Ci", unsealed and resigned, and officially began to live in seclusion until the end of his life. At this time, the understanding is profound, the political attitude enters a clear period, and the thought also enters a mature period.
Different from his previous life of farming, he is conscious now: he does this and understands why he does it. His rural life used to look like a small and medium-sized landlord, but now he has more labor and is closer to the life of ordinary farmers. During this period, he wrote many poems reflecting rural life, such as five "Returning to the Garden" and twelve "Miscellaneous Poems".
In the fourth year of Yixi (AD 408), in mid-June, Yuanming's house caught fire, and the house was completely destroyed and forced to move.
In the 11th year of Yixi (AD 4 15), the imperial court recruited him as Zuolang, but Yuan Ming said that he was ill and did not apply.
In the 14th year of Yixi (AD 4 18), Wang Hong was the secretariat of Jiangzhou, and made friends with Yuan Ming about one year or two later. There are anecdotes between them, and wine is given away for nothing.
In the first year of Yuanjia (AD 424), Yan Yanzhi made friends with Yuanming for the first time, and there was an anecdote about Gong Yan paying for wine.
In the fourth year of Yuanjia (AD 427), Tan Daoji heard Yuanming's name, went to see him, gave him Liang rou, and advised him to be an official, but he refused and did not accept the Liang rou he gave him. In the same year, Yuan Ming died in Xunyang. After his death, his friends privately called it "Beijing Festival" and later called it "Festival".