The ancient Chinese nation has a long history. In the long history of 5,000 years, it has created splendid culture, formed noble moral standards, complete etiquette norms and excellent traditional virtues, and is called "the ancient country of civilization and etiquette" by the world. In ancient times, China was called "the country of clothes and propriety". Classic basis: preface to the book of songs: "change the wind and feel, stop at etiquette." It is human nature to express feelings; It's just a matter of ceremony, and the first king's ze is also. " Book of Rites: "The reason why mortals are human is courtesy."
That's the meaning of today. The original intention does not refer to etiquette and morality. Ceremony: refers to the hierarchy of the country. So courtesy refers to politics, not civility. Others believe that "the state of etiquette" should be "the state of etiquette"
Explanation: courtesy: the system of the country; Instruments: the legal system of the country; Bang: country. Refers to countries with advanced political and legal systems.
Ancient etiquette
The ancient Chinese nation has a long history. In the long history of 5,000 years, it has created splendid culture, formed noble moral standards, complete etiquette norms and excellent traditional virtues, and is called "the ancient country of civilization and etiquette" by the world. We can draw such a conclusion from the Book of Rites. The essence of the whole East Asia and Southeast Asia culture is to inherit Chinese civilization, which is proof. China has a civilization history of 5,000 years, and is known as "the country of etiquette". China people are also famous for their politeness. Etiquette civilization, as an important part of China traditional culture, has exerted a wide and far-reaching influence on the social and historical development of China. Its content is very rich, involving a wide range, and almost penetrated into all aspects of ancient society.
"Li" and "Li" in ancient China are actually two different concepts. "Rite" is a system, a rule and a social consciousness. "One" is the concrete expression of "Li" and a set of systematic and complete procedures based on the provisions and contents of "Li".
In ancient China, etiquette was derived from the clan system and hierarchy in order to meet the needs of the society at that time, so it had the characteristics and limitations of that era. Today, modern etiquette is very different from ancient etiquette. We must abandon the etiquette norms that serve the exploiting classes, and pay attention to absorbing the traditional civilized etiquette that still has positive and universal significance today, such as respecting the elderly, respecting the virtuous, being polite to others, and being neat and tidy. , and to transform and inherit. This is of modern value for cultivating good personal qualities, coordinating harmonious interpersonal relationships, shaping civilized social atmosphere and building socialist spiritual civilization. Now try to describe it as follows:
Respect the old and the virtuous.
First, respect the elderly. From primitive society to feudal society, the political and ethical relationship between people is linked by the blood relationship between clan and family. Therefore, respect our ancestors in the family and respect our elders in the society. Because the ancient society of China respected the rule of courtesy and benevolent governance, respecting the virtuous became a historical requirement. Mencius said, "When you care for the aged and respect the virtuous, when Jie Jun is in power, you celebrate" (Note: Mencius told his son to leave). Celebration is a kind of reward. This ancient traditional etiquette has played an important role in the formation of warm interpersonal relations and orderly and harmonious ethical relations, both in the past and now. When it comes to respecting the elderly, this is a major feature of China's traditional culture. Respecting the elderly in ancient times did not stop at thinking and preaching, nor did it stop at the lives of ordinary people. From the monarch, the gentry to the whole official and gentry class, a set of rules for respecting the elderly and a ritual system for supporting the elderly are being practiced and formed. "Book of Rites" records: "The ancient way, 50 non-Yunnan disciples, awarded to the elderly" (note: "Book of Rites"). In other words, people over 50 don't have to go hunting, but they have to get a rich share in the distribution of prey. Some ancient books also made clear requirements for the volume when talking to the elderly. For example, "Reading while Raising" said: "Serving parents, the voice is easily silenced. Don't yell at them because of trivial things "(note:" read while raising. " Words "). Disciples' Rules also said: "You should not be humble and ignorant. "During the Three Kingdoms period, there was an allusion to respecting sages, called" Visiting the Cottage ". It is said that Liu Bei admired Zhuge Liang's talent and wanted to ask him to help him conquer the world, so he took the trouble to personally invite Zhuge Liang to the thatched cottage where he lived. Zhuge Liang agreed repeatedly. Since then, Zhuge Liang's talents have been brought into full play, and he devoted himself to Liu Bei's career until he died. Throughout the ancient history of China, most monarchs who made achievements attached great importance to respecting and using the virtuous, and regarded it as a decisive factor of national security. If you don't respect the sages at ordinary times, they won't share their worries for the country in an emergency. It's not that talented people don't think about the country, but that the country can't forget the scholars for a long time, so "people who can survive in their own country never exist" (note: Mozi's pro-scholars).
Today, we advocate carrying forward the ancient "ceremony of respecting the sages", and we must give the modern new concept of talents the content of respecting knowledge and talents. In today's society, all kinds of competition are becoming more and more fierce. All kinds of competition, in the final analysis, is the competition of talents. To maintain an advantageous position in the fierce competition, we must have a strong talent team. Only by respecting and caring for talents from thoughts to concrete actions can the whole society form a good environment for respecting knowledge and talents, and form a strong enough talent team to be invincible.
Shang Yi Yi Shi
Second, musical instruments are still suitable for the Chinese nation, which has always paid attention to expressing people's rich inner feelings through appropriate forms. There are many established ceremonies for major festivals and events. If you get a bumper harvest, you should celebrate it with songs; When you are in trouble, pray for the blessing of the gods. Over time, many festivals and etiquette forms have been formed, such as Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival. Almost every festival has its own specific customs. In ancient times, weddings, funerals, celebrations and other activities were regarded as major events in social life, and their etiquette was particularly meticulous, with specific provisions from clothing and utensils to specifications, procedures and etiquette. Today, the most important thing for us to maintain and carry forward the excellent etiquette civilization of the Chinese nation is propriety. That is to say, as Cheng Cheng advocated, "luxury is born in literature, and excessive literature is luxury, but not enough for frugality" (Volume 6 of Cheng Cheng Cheng Ji Shi Cheng Wai Shu). It can be seen that the scale of etiquette is appropriate and proper decoration is necessary, but excessive decoration will cause extravagance and waste, which deviates from the requirements of etiquette; It is also inappropriate to be too stingy and hinder the implementation of the ceremony. This view of the ancients is very incisive and has a guiding role for us to hold various ceremonies today. In today's social activities, it is still indispensable to hold various ceremonies. Companies open, children get married, and various festivals have different ceremonies. If we want to grasp the scale of various ceremonies, we must grasp the principle of moderation and combine the necessary ceremonies with modern civilization. Related activities are both grand and flashy. In particular, we should oppose extravagance and waste by taking advantage of weddings, funerals and celebrations; Oppose the view that the more grand the ceremony, the better and the more luxurious it is. Nowadays, many newlyweds are heavily in debt, which makes the wedding ostentatious, deceptive and jealous, causing great waste. Even some leading cadres, regardless of the influence, use power for personal gain for their children and accept large amounts of gifts, which encourages extravagance. This is not in line with our fine tradition, nor with our national conditions and people's feelings.
Polite reception
Third, being polite to others is highly valued by any civilized society and any civilized nation. Because politeness is one of the moral norms of human society to promote friendly and harmonious interpersonal communication, and it is also a bridge to build harmony with others. It marks the civilized process of a society and reflects the spiritual outlook of a nation. The Chinese nation has always attached great importance to observing etiquette rules and being polite to others. Many of these intriguing experiences are enlightening. Specifically, there are two main aspects.
(1) Be kind to others and get along with others, and be a good person first. And this "goodness" should be sincere from the heart, sincere in the middle and formal in appearance, not rhetoric and red tape. The Book of Rites says: "Those who treat their husbands with courtesy have an inferiority complex and respect others" (Note: Book of Rites Quli Shang). It is not enough if you are respectful and enthusiastic on the surface, but hypocritical on the inside, or just respectful on the inside, but without expression. Should be consistent in appearance, in order to fundamentally eliminate the barriers and frictions between people, and then respect and care for each other and get along well with each other. To respect others, we must treat others equally, regardless of rank or rank. If you only pay homage to the upper class, take people with financial power and take people with interests, it is actually what villains do. The Analects of Confucius, Zi Han, recorded that Confucius saw people wearing mourning clothes, hats and dresses and blind people. As soon as they met, even if these people were young, Confucius would stand up. When walking in front of others, you must walk very fast to show your respect. The ancients also had some ways to respect others. First of all, we should respect the wishes of others, understand their needs and taboos, and don't force others to do so. Don't ask others to do what they can't do, and don't ask others to accept what they don't like. The ancients said, "Don't blame others for not doing as well as yourself, not being strong for others, and not suffering for being bad for others" (Note: Wen Zi Wei Xiang). "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you (Note: Yan Yuan, Analects of Confucius)" means this. Humor and well-meaning jokes can often bring people relaxed and happy in the communication with people, but never make fun of them. It is very disrespectful to make jokes about other people's names or give them indecent nicknames. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Yan Zhitui once commented on this disrespect and resentment: "Fools in this world play with each other. Or those who are called dolphins and calves, knowledgeable, onlookers, and want to cover their ears, the situation is right. "
(2) Courtesy is an important standard of courtesy to others. In other words, to accept the kindness of others, we must reciprocate with the same courtesy. In this way, interpersonal communication can go on in a virtuous circle in an equal and friendly way. Therefore, the Book of Rites said: "It is indecent to return the courtesy, but not to come; It is also impolite to come and not go "(Note: On the Book of Rites and Quli). For the benefactor, it should be a drop of water, and the spring will repay each other. In the eyes of the ancients, nothing hurts more than ingratitude. Confucius said: "Good for good, good for people"; "Good for evil, the people will be rewarded." . It can be seen that "repaying kindness with kindness" is the basic moral cultivation of treating people with things. Of course, the politeness of communication should also be moderate. The original intention of giving gifts is to show respect and answer. The so-called gifts are light and heavy, not the more the better. As the article "Zhuangzi Sanmu" said: "The friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, and the friendship between villains is as sweet as water; A gentleman is indifferent to his relatives, but a villain is willing to give up. Joining for no reason will also leave for no reason. " Fourth, a person's appearance is the embodiment of his accomplishment and civilization. The ancients believed that solemn etiquette, moderation in advance and retreat, honoring deacons and being gentle and gentle can not only safeguard personal dignity, but also contribute to learning morality. Ancient thinkers once compared the fur of animals with the appearance of people. Animals without fur can't be animals. People lose their manners, that is, they are not people.
Instrument requirements
The ancient people's requirements for musical instruments are inevitably too complicated. The most important of these are the following three aspects.
(1) Dress and appearance: Disciple's rules require: "The crown must be straight, the knot must be tied, and the socks and shoes must be tight." These norms are still necessary for modern people. Proper knotting of hats and strict cutting of shoes and socks are the basic requirements of the concept of musical instrument category. If a person is disheveled and his shoes and socks are not straight, it will often make people feel disgusted or even disgusting. Who will be close to such a person? Of course, the dress must be suitable for your occupation, age, physiological characteristics, living environment and the customs of the people you contact, and make a decent and generous choice. Make-up and affectation will only backfire.
(2) Behavior: Confucius said: "A gentleman is not strong if he is not heavy, and his learning is not solid" (Note: "The Analects of Confucius"). This is because only solemnity has majesty. Otherwise, even if you study, you can't consolidate it. The specific requirements are "stand like a pine, sit like a bell, walk like the wind, lie like a bow", that is, stand straight, sit steady, move neatly, and sleep sideways. You should not be frivolous or profane in public, but be solemn, cautious and calm, so that "see no evil, don't listen to indecent assault, don't speak indecent assault, don't move indecent assault" (Note: The Analects of Yan Yuan) conforms to etiquette norms everywhere.
(3) Speech rhetoric: Language is a mirror of people's thoughts, emotions and cultural accomplishment. The ancients said that "words are sincere, so they are also useful" (note: text). It makes sense to take sincere revision of words as the foundation of career. And we must "keep our word" (note: The Analects of Confucius Lutz). It is impossible to win the trust of a glib person. The second is to be cautious. The ancients said that man was born for heaven, and his tongue was tightly wrapped with two rows of teeth, and his lips were covered with a thick layer, which means that people must be careful what they say. Of course, the ancients did not ask people to talk less, but to speak according to the specific situation. Speak when you speak, and be silent when you are silent. Confucius said, "Those who can talk without talking will lose others.": Don't talk to it in words, it's rude. He who knows does not lose his person, and he who speaks does not lose his words "(Note: The Analects of Wei Linggong). That's the truth.
The above aspects are the essence of traditional etiquette in China. Although the times have changed, the ancients' attention to gfd and their requirements for neatness and beauty are still worth learning today. External image is a silent language, which reflects a person's moral cultivation and also conveys a person's internal attitude towards the whole life. He has an elegant appearance. Wherever he goes, he brings the spring breeze of civilization there and is respected by people. There is no doubt that traditional etiquette civilization has a positive impact on the social and historical development of our country. Generally speaking, the more civilized and polite people are, the more harmonious and stable society will be. If each of us is well educated, polite and disciplined, our life will be happier, and the country and society will be more orderly and civilized. From this perspective, etiquette has played a role that politics and law can't. For a long time, the essence and dross of a large number of etiquette culture are in a state of mutual penetration and coexistence, and the dross of etiquette culture has a negative effect that cannot be underestimated. We ignore the traditional etiquette and civilization, a precious spiritual wealth. For a long time, society and schools have not paid enough attention to etiquette education, and many uncivilized behaviors have also increased. In today's socialist spiritual civilization construction, we should base ourselves on absorbing the essence of national culture, make the traditional civilized etiquette serve the present and rebuild a set of modern civilized etiquette.
Brand culture
Laozi told us in the Tao Te Ching that "be a man for one day and stress morality for one day"; Xunzi said in Xunzi's Self-cultivation that "people will not be born if they are not rude, and the country will be uneasy if they are not rude"; As mentioned in Zuo Zhuan, ceremony is "the experience of heaven, the meaning of the earth and the trip of people", and it is the basis for politicians to "learn, settle and build the people". "Book of Rites and Quli Shang" also said: "Courtesy is reciprocal, and it is indecent to go instead of coming; It is indecent to come and not go. " When I was a child, "Kong Rong made pears", and it was a beautiful talk to respect the old and love the young; "Yue Fei asks the way", knowing etiquette, can we compete on the school field and gallop the world; "Chengmen Sydney" is a model of respecting teachers and valuing morality.
Ceremony is an important symbol of a country, a nation, a unit's civilization, social fashion, moral standards and other soft power, and it is also the main symbol of a person's ideological consciousness, cultural accomplishment and spiritual outlook. Mr. Qian Mu, a famous historian, said: "The core idea of China's traditional culture is' ceremony'".
Ceremony is a code of conduct that originates from the nature of human nature and meets the needs of life. It is an external expression of people's heartfelt respect, gratitude and love for each other.
As the mainstream consciousness and the most influential school in ancient China, Confucianism is a complete system, which stresses both etiquette and struggle. In the history of our country, Zhou Wenwang was the first person who practiced the rule of courtesy. He won people's hearts with morality, made great efforts to govern the country, and enjoyed high prestige. He founded the Zhou Dynasty, the longest dynasty in China's history, which lasted for more than 800 years. Tsinghua University's school motto is "strive for self-improvement, be virtuous and carry things", which also embodies the spirit of etiquette and struggle.
Today, we are honored to be able to name the enterprise as a "state of etiquette", and initiate the gift-giving mode of "from choice to satisfactory acceptance of gifts", respecting the wishes and choices of the recipients and taking the satisfaction of the recipients as the result. In other words, enterprises can inherit the excellent etiquette culture of the Chinese nation for 5,000 years through etiquette as the main material carrier, respect the old, respect the virtuous, treat people with things, make continuous progress, and inherit and promote people with heart.
Give sb. a present
China has a history of 5,000 years of civilization, and is known as "an ancient civilization and a state of etiquette". Reciprocity, not reciprocity. Courtesy is reciprocal, and the correct understanding should be, courtesy is reciprocal. Consciousness is the so-called ceremony, which advocates the way of communication, no going, no going, no ceremony.
This sentence is distorted into a "gift" in communication, and gifts are given to everyone. Such a low-level superficial meaning
For example, as the saying goes, "a drop of water is received, and a spring is returned." On holidays, visiting relatives and friends, business contacts are inseparable from the word "ceremony". Ancient gifts include etiquette, gifts and etiquette, which represent love and admiration, and are mostly used to deepen feelings and enhance friendship. 2 1 century, the connotation of gifts has been enriched a lot. Gifts in the new era should be novel, unique, scientific and practical. Politeness is a good way to connect people's feelings and strengthen communication.
It can be seen that in modern life, gift giving has become an indispensable part of our life. People will think of giving gifts in business, friends' weddings, birthdays, holidays and other occasions. But giving gifts at the same time is often confusing. After shopping for a long time, I am still worried about not knowing what gift to give. It is difficult to pick out a gift and send it out, but they don't know whether the recipient is satisfied or not. Traditional ways of giving gifts can no longer meet the needs of modern gifts. In this context, a new model of gift selection came into being, and the gift-giving scheme introduced by the state of etiquette is the representative of this model, which solved a series of problems of gift giving and receiving.
state of ceremonies
The state of propriety and righteousness and the state of etiquette
The state of propriety and righteousness has a lot to do with the Confucian concept of "monarch, monarch, minister, father, son, son" In other words, the monarch mainly meets the requirements and norms of being a monarch, and the courtiers should meet the requirements and norms of being a courtier; The monarch mainly knows how to act according to the principles of the monarch, and the courtiers should act according to the principles of the courtiers. Rule the people first, rule the heart, and Qi Xin rule the people first. In fact, "propriety and righteousness" is the foundation of building a country and ensuring peace. It is wrong to translate "the state of etiquette" into "the state of etiquette", which means the state of etiquette!
The state of etiquette, without a source, is more like a slip of the pen in the state of propriety and righteousness. Etiquette should be more about paying tribute and saluting: from waving, shaking hands, bowing and making peace, to raising the flag, playing music, firing guns and walking the red carpet.