Modern animal husbandry is a multi-combination industry. From the horizontal industry correlation analysis, animal husbandry is composed of dairy industry, meat industry and egg industry, and the meat market has a small amount of space, which is mainly allocated to beef and mutton industry. Theoretically speaking, China's rural labor resources are abundant, and labor-intensive animal husbandry has comparative advantages. However, the standardization of domestic animal husbandry production is low, which is difficult to connect with the international market and lacks realistic international competitive advantage for a period of time.
Grasp the relationship between "large livestock" and "small livestock" and focus on developing large livestock.
"Small livestock" is a small individual, belonging to oviparous or oviparous animals, with strong reproductive ability, low starting point of investment scale and short payback period, which can achieve rapid growth; "Large livestock" refers to cattle, donkeys and horses. They are large individuals, belonging to monoculture animals, with poor reproductive ability, large investment scale, long return period and slow growth rate. Therefore, the scale expansion of "big livestock" is difficult and lasts for a long time, and the scale expansion of "big livestock" continues. Grasp the relationship between "manpower" and "animal power" and strive to improve human capital.
"Animal power" is the productivity determined by the genes of livestock and poultry. The essence of improving varieties is to improve the productivity determined by genes. The level of improved varieties of herbivorous livestock such as beef cattle and mutton sheep is low, and the potential of "animal power" is great. It is necessary to adhere to the simultaneous introduction of high-yield and excellent thoroughbred, semen and embryos, walk on multiple legs, accelerate the breeding of thoroughbred, and increase the intensity of variety improvement.
Compared with "animal power", "manpower" is more important, and the key lies in people. The so-called "manpower" is simply the production capacity determined by people's knowledge, technology and experience. In the process of promoting the strategic adjustment of agricultural and rural economic structure, the shortage of migrant workers is a common problem. "Lack of manpower" is also a major problem in building a large animal husbandry area. Grasp the relationship between "centralization" and "decentralization" and give priority to the development of centralized production areas
Any economic and social activities are carried out in a certain area. "Decentralization" is the basic feature of traditional animal husbandry. Traditional animal husbandry is not only limited by family size, but also by planting scale. Because farming is characterized by scattered land use, families and villages that make a living from farming are almost evenly distributed in geographical space. Therefore, family-based animal husbandry is self-sufficient and decentralized, such as lighting a star.
"Concentration" is an important feature of modern animal husbandry. The basis of "concentration" is efficiency. In the process of changing from traditional to modern, animal husbandry has gradually changed from family-oriented demand to market-oriented demand, with products in the market and raw materials purchased from the market, surpassing family and planting, showing specialization, base and intensification. The development trend of "centralization" is specialized households-specialized villages-specialized communities (parks)-specialized towns-large animal husbandry industrial bases. "Concentration" can make full use of family labor and courtyard space resources, promote the dissemination of breeding information and technology, and enjoy public foundations such as epidemic prevention and breeding, thus reducing transaction costs and improving transaction efficiency. Grasp the relationship between "government" and "market" and attach importance to the role of government.
Theoretically speaking, market economy is an economy in which market mechanism plays a fundamental role in resource allocation, and the government's duty is to correct the defects of market mechanism and make up for the shortcomings of market mechanism. The main reason for the failure of animal husbandry talent market, technology market, information market and epidemic prevention market is that the scale of farmers is too small and it is "uneconomical" to buy technology, information and epidemic prevention services from the market.
Furthermore, in the construction of large animal husbandry areas, the government should provide necessary public services for industrial areas and improve operational efficiency. The government should provide necessary public products, including "leading industries" that are given priority support according to market rules; Establish an organizational management system suitable for the development of leading industries; Give financial subsidies to the infrastructure construction of animal husbandry production bases and districts (breeding communities, specialized villages and specialized townships); Support various forms of animal husbandry and veterinary science and technology and information society service network construction; Establish a veterinary system and improve the animal epidemic prevention supervision system; Provide necessary financial support for farmers' voluntary cooperatives; Implement legal market rules, maintain normal market order and ensure the efficient operation of the market.
Only the close cooperation of "visible hand" and "invisible hand" can promote the rapid development of animal husbandry.