What supernova explosions have occurred in human history?

185 65438+ On February 7th, the second year of Zhong Ping in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Chinese astronomers observed the supernova 185, which was the first supernova discovered in human history. This supernova blazed in the night sky for eight months. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty records: "In October of the second year (185), the guest star went out of the south gate, which was as big as a half-banquet, and the five-color anger was slightly smaller until June of the following year."

65438+April 30, 2006: Wolf constellation SN 1006 broke out. It may be a supernova with the highest apparent brightness ever recorded, and it is inferred that its brightness has reached -9. According to modern astronomers, "in the spring of 1006, people can even read with its light in the middle of the night." In the Song Dynasty, this supernova was discovered by Zhou Keming, the supervisor of the Ministry of Heaven, and was called Zhou Boxing. Volume 56 of History of the Song Dynasty records: "In April of the third year of Jingdezhen, I met Zhou Quan and went out to the south. Once I rode an official to the west, which looked like a half moon and a horn, which made me look at things and cross the east of the library building. In August, it turns cloudy with the sky. See you at the edge in November. Naturally, it is common in the east in November and turbid in the southwest in August. "

1054 July 4: A supernova explosion occurred in the Crab Nebula. The appearance of the guest star was recorded in detail by astronomers in the Song Dynasty in China. Volume 176 records: "It was May of the first year of Hehe, and the guest star was several inches southeast of Tiangong (not March of the first year of Jiayou)." There are also observation records in Japan and Native Americans.

1572165438+1early October (possibly between the 2nd and 6th): Cassiopeia supernova (Tycho supernova) broke out, which was observed by Danish astronomer Tycho.

1604101October 9: Ophiuchus supernova (Kepler supernova), recorded in detail by German astronomer Kepler. This is the last supernova found in the Milky Way so far, with an apparent magnitude of -2.5. , 6000 light years away from the earth. It was once used by Galileo to refute Aristotle's theory that heaven is unchangeable.

1885 August 19: the supernova SN 1885A (Andromeda s) in the Andromeda galaxy was discovered by Irish amateur astronomer Issac Ward in Belfast. This is the first time that humans have discovered a supernova in an extragalactic galaxy, and it is also the only supernova found in the Andromeda galaxy so far.

1February 24th, 987: The supernova 1987A located in large magellanic cloud was discovered within a few hours after the explosion, which is the first time that modern supernova theory has a chance to compare with actual observation. It is about 5 1400 parsec from the earth, and its apparent magnitude is 3 at its brightest.

September 18, 2006: the supernova SN 2006gy, which is 238 million light years away from the earth, is the strongest supernova explosion observed so far.