Dali not only respected the Song Dynasty politically, but also had a far-reaching influence on culture. Li Guanyin, a businessman, once exchanged goods for election. Notes of Five Ministers, Beginners and other books; During Nanzhao period, the vernacular Chinese became more and more perfect, and Chinese characters were fully labeled with white tones. In Dali, Bai people use both vernacular and Chinese characters.
Buddhism existed in Dali in the first half of the eighth century, reached its peak in the late Nanzhao period, that is, the ninth century, and reached its peak in the Dali Kingdom period. According to the literature, Dali Kingdom has been handed down for twenty-two generations, and seven generations of Zen monks became monks. 1976, when cleaning up the main tower of Chongsheng Temple, an important temple, the Guanyin statue with the same sculpture style as the eighth century in Tang Dynasty was found on the top of the tower, indicating that Dali was influenced by Buddhism in the Central Plains.
Dali advocates Buddhism tantra, and all banquets are vegetarian. It seems that Dali, a wonderful Buddhist country, has a good diplomatic skill, and Nanzhao, the predecessor of Dali, is not a fuel-efficient lamp. Its toughness even made the Tang Dynasty in its prime defeated twice, which made the Tang Dynasty lose face. The Tang Dynasty sent troops to attack Yunnan twice, both during the Tianbao period. One time, it sent 60,000 troops, and the other time, it sent troops100,000, which were all wiped out by Waterloo. In his poem Song of Man Zi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. 」?
Nanzhao and Dali were powerful in the southwest border area for 500 years, and the Tang Dynasty could not win them, and the Song Dynasty could not get their hands on them. On the other hand, Kublai Khan, a grassland nationality, crossed the river with the Semu people and the Central Asian people, destroying Dali, where all kinds of laws and regulations were fully developed and the Buddha's name was widely circulated.
As Kublai Khan went south, these Central Asian nationalities and Semu people thought it might be the ancestors of many people in Yunnan.
1234 After Mongolia and the Southern Song Dynasty jointly destroyed the gold, the two sides began to be in a state of confrontation. During the Wokuotai period, the main force of Mongolia was the Western Expedition. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Song Jun defeated Xiangyang and northern Sichuan. After Mongolia was in a position of great Khan, he sent his sixth brother Xu Liewu to lead the army westward, and made his fourth brother Kublai Khan continue southward. In the war against the Southern Song Dynasty, although the court of the Southern Song Dynasty was weak and the ministers were incompetent, the Mongolian army met with stubborn resistance from the Southern Song Dynasty, and the Mongolian rulers realized that it was not easy to destroy the Southern Song Dynasty. Because in the populous south, rivers and mountains crisscross and urban areas are densely populated, the only possible war is siege warfare. In the besieged city, herders from the grassland were at a loss. To win in South China, there must be a large number of infantry regiments and a set of "artillery" equipment. To this end, Mungo ordered Kublai Khan to adopt a circuitous strategy. 1252 10, Kublai Khan and Subutai son of the general Wulianghatai left Shaanxi and entered Yunnan via Sichuan. Yunnan did not belong to China at that time. Since the eighth century, it has formed an independent kingdom, namely Nanzhao, or Dali, a non-China country inhabited by Luoluo or Deming people. Nanzhao is located in a mountainous area with complex terrain, and it can always maintain complete independence. Kublai Khan captured its capital, Dali and Shanzhan (Yunan Prefecture, perhaps Pingding Township), and King Dali, known as Duan Xingzhi by China people, took refuge in Shanzhan (1253). Kublai Khan allowed the king of Dali to retain the throne of "maharaja", but put Liu Shizhong, a China who surrendered to Mongolia, at his side and served as an administrator of Mongolia. Although the old dynasty survived, the whole of Yunnan was divided into several Mongolian military jurisdictions. Then, Wulianghatai attacked the Tubo, forcing them-at least the Tubo people adjacent to Yunnan-to recognize the Mongolian Sect. Dali Kingdom, 22nd, ***3 16.