A dictionary. It is a reference book for collecting and explaining words, including dictionaries and dictionaries.
1 book. A kind of book is a reference book that arranges fragments, whole articles or whole works in ancient books according to categories or rhymes and is used to retrieve, quote, collate or compile classic documents.
2 political books. It is a special work to record the evolution and changes of laws and regulations and the development of politics, economy and culture, and it is a category of historical works-the special history of laws and regulations. Because it has the nature of data compilation, it is generally considered as a type of reference book.
3 Encyclopedia. It is a large-scale reference book that comprehensively and systematically introduces the comparative scientific knowledge of literature. It collects all kinds of specialized nouns and terms, arranges them in the form of dictionaries, and explains them in detail, which plays a role in knowledge collection.
4 Yearbook. It is a continuous publication, which systematically collects important current affairs documents, subject progress and various statistical data of the year and is published once a year. Including annual publications, annual reports, etc.
5 manual. It is a reference book, which collects 10,000 documents or professional knowledge that need to be consulted frequently for readers to consult at any time. It is usually a concise summary of the basic knowledge of a profession or a certain aspect, as well as some basic formulas, charts, data, rules and regulations. , strong practicality.
6 bibliography. Also known as the "catalogue", that is, the book catalogue, is a tool to reveal and record a number of related documents. It records the basic characteristics of documents and arranges them in a certain order (mainly classification).
7 index. Also known as general inspection, lead inspection, preparation inspection, etc. , is a reference book for extracting and sorting out the specific contents of one or more books and periodicals, such as words, sentences, names, place names, titles, themes, etc. , and indicate the source for reference.
trait
1. For editing purposes, it is mainly used for reference and retrieval, not for reading through.
2. As far as the arrangement is concerned, reference books are always arranged in a certain style to reflect their reference books and facilitate reference.
3. As far as the content is concerned, the existing research results are widely absorbed, the knowledge and information provided are mature and reliable, and the narrative is concise and to the point.
China's reference books have a long history. According to the Book of History, in the 8th century BC, there was a kind of calligraphy in Zhou Xuanwang called Book of History. If the pre-Qin period is the embryonic period of reference books, then the Han Dynasty is the foundation period of reference books. A number of stereotyped dictionaries, dictionaries and bibliographies such as Dialect, Shuowen Jiezi, Bielu and Qilv have laid a solid foundation for the development of reference books in the future.
Dictionaries fall into two categories. One is a general dictionary, which contains a certain range of Chinese characters according to the needs of readers, and can intuitively show the meaning and usage of Chinese characters. For example, small and medium-sized Xinhua Dictionary and Dictionary of Common Words in Ancient Chinese, and large ones such as Chinese Dictionary; The other is a special dictionary, which refers to Chinese characters with certain characteristics in a certain aspect, such as variant characters, interchangeable characters, variant characters and so on. Generally, it focuses on explaining some characteristics of Chinese characters, such as source dictionaries and dictionaries of commonly used Chinese characters.
Dictionaries can be divided into different types from different angles. The special solutions here are divided into Chinese dictionaries, specialized dictionaries and comprehensive dictionaries according to the nature of the included words and the emphasis of the interpretation content. Chinese dictionaries, such as Modern Chinese Dictionary and Grand Chinese Dictionary, professional dictionaries, such as People's Republic of China (PRC) Place Names Dictionary and China Encyclopedia Dictionary, and comprehensive dictionaries, such as Cihai.