For example, Liu Xiang and Liu Xin and his son in the Western Han Dynasty, on the basis of sorting out the books and documents preserved in the Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang wrote 20 volumes of Qilue and Bielu, while the old Tang book Jingji Zhi and the New Tang Book Literature and Art Zhi are still recorded. After the Song Dynasty, various bibliographies were no longer recorded, but they were known to have survived in the Tang Dynasty and were lost in the Tang and Song Dynasties. This activity of compiling a lost book is called compiling a lost hat, and so is compiling a lost book. Typologically, such compilers are collectively called "compilers" or "compilers". According to literature records, since the Qing Dynasty, there are seven views, including Hong Yiwu, Yan Kejun, Ma Guohan, Gu Guangguan, Yao Zhenzong and Min Jun; Shen Zi was written by Shen Buhai during the Warring States Period, and the Records of Han Shu Literature and Art are recorded in six articles. Two books, The Book of the Tang Dynasty and The Records of Literature and Art, were recorded in three volumes, but they were not recorded in the bibliography of linguists in the Song Dynasty. Scholars believe that they died around the Southern Song Dynasty. However, his books are fast, and the total articles contained in a book collection (Tang Guanxiu) are still perfect. Many works, such as A Tour to Lin Yi (Tang Mazong), Lei Ju of Literature and Art (Tang Guanxiu) and the beginning of Taiping Lan (Song Guanxiu), all contain his rich articles. Couples Ma Guohan, Yan Kejun, Huang Yizhou, Wang Renjun, etc. Another example is: dead bodies, the cause of war, the death of a dead body, the record of Han Annals is 20, the record of Song Shiyi is only L volumes, and the catalogue of Zhongxing Pavilion in the Southern Song Dynasty is only 2 volumes (1 volume). Preface is a living compilation of Sun Xingyan, saying that this book was scattered in the Southern Song Dynasty. Wang Jipei, Zhang Zongyuan, Ren, etc. There were editions in Qing dynasty. The seven outlines, groans and corpses listed on the right are all quick books compiled by calligraphers and collections.
For example, there are 765,438+0 articles in Mozi's and Han's Records of Literature and Art, and now there are two versions. -53 books collected in Taoist scriptures and 63 books of Sikuquanshu. "A Concise Diary of Si Ku Quan Shu": "There were seventy-one original books, but eight are lost today." Therefore, in the late Qing Dynasty, Sun Ye asked the Yi family to quote Mozi's language, sort out the articles that were not included in the biography one by one, and became the lost articles of Mozi, and attached interviews between Mozi.
AR: "Zhuangzi", with 52 essays on You Yi Shu, and "Interpretation of Wen Zhuangzi Classics" by Tang Ludeming, with 52 annotations by Jin Sima. Jin Guoxiang has only 33 notes, including 7 internal notes and 15 external notes. Today's Zhuangzi is Guo Xiang's annotation of thirty-three umbrellas. Compared with the revised edition of Liu Xiang, which was painstakingly recorded by Zhong, there are 9 missing articles, 3 missing foreign languages 13, 3 miscellaneous flutes and 3 exegesis. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Wang Yingxi compiled the N 9 lost article of Zhuangzi, which is recorded as follows: "There are nine articles by Zhuangzi and many articles by Huainan, and there are also notes by Sima Biao in the Tang Dynasty, notes by the later Han Dynasty, selected works, stories about the world, a collection of literary talents and a thorough view of peace." Breaking silicon and gas is also a treasure, and a gentleman may take it. These thirty-nine things are collected in Moon Hee, Volume 10, Zhuangzi One. Zhuangzi Yi Pian, compiled by the Wu family, is the earliest compilation work of Zhuangzi, and it is rare to write such works. There was a new edition in Ma Xulun today. It was named "Lost Articles in Zhuangzi", with the number of volumes 1, and was included in "tianmashan House Collection", which was more detailed.
There were no old books in the Song Dynasty, and the biographies were quite incomplete, so it was difficult to get a glimpse of them later. Therefore, since the Song and Ming Dynasties, there have been frequent works to fill the gaps. During the revision of Sikuquanshu in Qing Dynasty, according to the introduction of Yongle Dadian, more than 29 works such as Detailed Explanation of Shangshu, Dragon and Chongwen Zongmu edited by Xia in Song Dynasty were sorted out and supplemented. The summary cloud of the detailed explanation of Shangshu in the Summary of Sikuquanshu: "The original book is incomplete, and now it is supplemented by Yongle Dadian". First, the summary of Sikuquanshu is more detailed: Masha Liu's Bookstore has a plate-making technique, which has not been circulated for a long time. There are only protective posts today, and there are many mistakes. Zhejiang takes Yaodian to Yaodian as the whole net, Zhou's Taizeng, Taishi T- and Muzeng as the basis, and the last bamboo slips of Taishi as the net. I want to attend a school with Yongle Dadian, but Taishiba Yongle Dadian is also online, so I can't proofread it. Mozi, Zhuangzi and Detailed Explanation of Shangshu on the right are all incomplete books. According to his book, various schools make up for the lack of articles. Or independent, or supplementary, but reported to the collection to make up for the vacancy. Adding an independent one-way street to biography-Ji Zhiyi, it is necessary to sort out and proofread lost articles, that is, to sort out documents by "lost articles". As I have said before, the original seems to be completely preserved, but compared with the quotations from other books, there are some simplification and lack of sentences. Compiling and proofreading is to compile the stripped short articles and missing sentences one by one and make them into articles independently. This chivalrous writing is called "Tuowen" in school, and its complement is called "proofreading". Although "editing without loss" in editing and learning is the same as "correcting" to help students. Of course, there are different forms of expression. There are two differences: first, "proofreading" means "never getting tired of reading", while "editing" is limited to text units above sentences and paragraphs. Second, every time you do a "proofreading", the missing parts of the original book are added with proofreading notes; And "editing and proofreading" refers to the sentences and paragraphs that exist every time, not directly added to the original book, but separately or attached to it. Second, "proofreading" can be based on other books or different versions of the same book, while "editing" is based on other books, not rJJ.
Such as: fresh outside (Xunzi). The revised edition of Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty was 33, and today there are 33 biographies. There seems to be no shortage of chivalrous men. However, in the supplement of Wang Niansun's Reading Magazine Xunzi in Qing Dynasty, there is a lost article of Xunzi. According to Notes on Selected Works and Taiping Magnolia, Xunzi lost four paragraphs, all of which are 12u. For example, Zi Han (that is, Everything is done wrong) and Han Shu Literature and Art Records recorded 55 articles. Today's biography is also a calendar, which seems complete. However, Wang Xianshen, a Qing dynasty, said in Notes on Han Feizi: "Fifty-five pieces of Zi Han recorded in historical records seem to be complete from today's edition, but more than 100 pieces have been lost." He also collected more than 20 pieces of Han Fei's lost articles. In the late Qing Dynasty, Wang Renjun lost classics included Han Feizi's lost articles, and two articles were compiled according to Huainanzi and Song Xue's eZL Subsets.
For example, Shu Wei lost his virginity after crossing the river in Song Dynasty. In 2008, the Qing Dynasty recited Wei Wen, and Liu Fang, the branch secretary, enjoyed everything. Compiled by Shu Wei's Le Zhi, the practical significance is only a dozen lines. The note reads: "The original (Shuweilezhi) has a leaflet." In the Qing Dynasty, Lu's Collection of Wei Shu Bu also said that this page was "not available for examination", and it was only 16 according to the Dtr of Tongdian. In fact, the full text of this page has been preserved in the 560th volume of Yuan Gui of the Bookstore, and Mr. Chen Yuan has arranged and supplemented it accordingly.
Picking up the remains is a kind of quick collection activity which takes the "picking up the remains" other than the Complete Works of Poetry and other collections as the object. "Lost articles" have been mentioned before, that is, those lost articles in the poetry collections (non-anthologies) and personal collections (complete works) of dating and general dynasties that have been missed, abandoned and ended. Collecting missing articles means compiling missing articles one by one, or separating them, or forming a new set, or attaching them to the old set.
For example, The Collected Works of Mr. Di Luchuan edited by Wang Anshi in the Northern Song Dynasty (The Collection of Wang Wen's Official Documents inscribed by Long Shu in the Southern Song Dynasty) and The Complete Works of Wang Anshi edited by Xue Ang in the Northern Song Dynasty have been handed down to this day. But beyond the hundred volumes, there are many lost poems, words and articles that Xue missed, which are scattered in other documents after the Northern Song Dynasty. Fifty volumes of Poems of the King of the Southern Song Dynasty were engraved alive, more than the official documents compiled.
More than 72 poems; At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Lu Xinyuan compiled Volume I of Lu Jichuan Supplement, which was engraved in Book Collation. Luo Zhenyu also engraved 1 volume "Japanese collectors eat Sichuan collectors", resulting in the loss of 47 poems and articles. Today, Tang Guijiao compiled Song Poetry, and Wang Anshi's poems still have gains outside other schools. 1959, when Zhonghua Book Company reprinted the Collected Works of 6I Mr. Lu Chuan, four kinds of missing articles collected by various schools were collected into a book 1 and attached to the back of the book.
For example, the 900-volume Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty compiled by Kang Xilang in the Qing Dynasty was originally intended to include all the poems of the Tang Dynasty in the past 300 years, with more than 48,900 poems by more than 2,200 authors. It is a collection of poems dating back to the past. But those who failed to collect the complete works of Tang poetry: (1) The Japanese collected three volumes of the complete works of Tang poetry from Mao He's Shi Ning. ⑵ According to Dunhuang documents, Mr. Wang Zhongmin compiled 97 poems, 3 residual poems and 4 attached poems. (3) Mr. Wang also has the Incomplete Volume of Xiao Tan's Mediocre Poems, which states: "The Incomplete Volume collected 72 mediocre poems in The Whole Tang Poetry. The authors are two Han Chinese who were captured by Tubo in the national war in the mid-Tang Dynasty. One poet's name is Ma, and the other is impossible to prove. Yan (4) Mr. Sun has a book "Relaxation of All Tang Poems". 5] Mr. Tong Yangnian has succeeded in "continuing and supplementing". There are 4 schools and 5 kinds of works in the right column, all of which are lost works of Complete Tang Poetry. 1982, Zhonghua Book Company merged them into The Complete Poems of Tang Poetry and published 20 volumes. There are 830 missing poems and 86 residual sentences, involving 242 authors. Since then, Mr. Wang Zhongmin has published his posthumous work "Collection of All Tang Poems"; Mr. Chen published the Supplement to All Tang Poems (three volumes).
On the right are listed: supplement of Mennaochuan Collection, supplement of 6I Naokawa Collection, supplement of whole Tang poetry, 64L whole Tang poetry, whole Tang poetry collection, and external compilation of whole Tang poetry. , are collected and lost. As for those deliberately abandoned, there are also many lost items outside the collection. The reasons for abandoning the harvest are very complicated, but there are three main points: first, abandoning the harvest for some political consideration; Secondly, the poem "elegance" was abandoned by the editor considering the author's reputation; Thirdly, Shakespeare's writers deleted it because of its complexity, the interests of publishers and sculptors, and the oranges of the people who chose it.
For example, in the Qing dynasty, due to the political needs of the rulers, not only a large number of articles and works with anti-Qing ideology were destroyed and greatly deleted, but also the less elegant poems were greatly reduced. On November 17th, the 40th year of Qianlong, there was an imperial edict: "According to the curator of Siku Quanshu Museum, I submitted a scattered edition of Yongle Dadian, in which 20 volumes of Yi Xue Ji are to be published and engraved.
There is a green word in it, which is a chapter of Taoist prayer. In the past, because of Su Hu's collected works (articles), I saw that there were schools and teaching workshops in them, so I was ordered to publish them ... Today, Liu Gu wrote them, but because of his own medication, they were written in green, especially without passing, although the banknotes might as well be kept. It is necessary to announce it. Gaiqing's ci involves heresy ... especially the clever Canon, who is almost 2. There is a collection of snow-capped mountains in the book, which is the king of Lalu ... and there is also green.
In a word, when everything is deleted from. Both books were submitted to the President for revision, cut and saved separately, and were approved by the evaluation team. At present, there are tens of thousands of books compiled by Sikuquanshu, and there are many poems, which can't be perfect, but it is still desirable. We might as well give up "Awakening from a Dream". For example, in Song Muxiu's "Collection (Mu Shenjun Collection)", there is a description, and many words are called "Dun". This fallacy is unfair, so it must be deleted. This can be seen from the deletion of Siku Quanshu. According to the list in Bb book, there are as many as 2 17 kinds. Today, people come to Guiming's collection in Four Treasures of the Study, including Wengong's collection and Yi Xue's collection, some of which have disappeared or been abandoned. For example, Zhu Yizun, a famous writer and scholar, compiled his own poems and songs: South Locomotive Cao 1 volume, and later compiled 26 volumes of Zhu Cha Lei Wen, only half of which were included in Lei Wen and were abandoned. Later, he carved eight volumes of "Laughter Collection of Primary School Students". In his later years, he edited the exposed library 8 1 volume, which was rich for the collectors of the complete works. However, Zhu Cha Lewin and Teng Xiaoji originally collected, but many people gave up this compilation, and they were all abandoned. As for the number of people who abandoned unpublished works in their later years and did not accept them, it is still unknown. Since Jiaqing, Zhu, the fifth grandson of the Zhu family, and Feng in the 12th year of Jiaqing have collected eight volumes of Lushu Pavilion, which are regarded as scrap collections of selected works and Teng Xiaoji, but the scrap collection of Nanchecao is still at the end. "Shu Ci Zhu" three volumes, light tone; 1 Volume Zhu Zekai's poetry collection "Lushuting Poetry" has 78 poems and 7 articles. At this point, Zhu Yizun's poems, words and essays can be found on the wall of the platform, but people who have scattered iron will find something.
Before the Song and Tang Dynasties, books were widely circulated. However, except for unintentional mistakes, copywriting is often discarded in order to save time and materials. Or because the original is too crab, deliberately deleted the essence of preservation, and then deleted the preservation after the original died; Or an anthology based on the complete works, after which the complete works will soon die out and the anthology will remain; Or a trade publication was lettered for profit, deliberately giving up lettering, and then died and gave up lettering. Wait, they're all deserters.
For example, there are two versions of "Gao Dong Subset" written by Wang Ji in the Tang Dynasty. One is a five-volume edition compiled by his friend Guan Zhen (627-649), who is Lv Cai. One is Liam, a subset of Gaodong, which was abridged by Lu Chun in Dali (766-779). Five volumes have not been published since the Song Dynasty. Today, Lu has abridged this book into three volumes, but the title is "subset of Dongfu". Lu's i4F Simplified Edition is the original collection of Ming people. This collection is collected by Wang Ji. Wang Zhongmin, a modern man, recorded "Gaodong Subset Cloud" in Dunhuang Antique Records. "This volume is incomplete from beginning to end, including three articles, starting from the second half of Youbeishan Fu, all of which are Zheng Yuan Fu, and ending from the first half of March 3 Fu"; In addition, Wang Zhongmin also reduced the volume 8 1 82 of the Song Dynasty poet Yao An, including Wang Ji's Reply to the Official Letter, Chen Quanda's Borrowing the Secretary, the whole volume of Qing Dynasty 132, and Three Days Fu and Yan Fu, all of which are three volumes. All kinds of works listed on the right are quick to collect and leak.