Engraving printing originated in the Tang Dynasty, and became an important way to make traditional books in China after the Song Dynasty. Early woodcuts can only print one color at a time, which is called "single printing"; If several pages of paper with exactly the same specifications are painted with different colors in different parts and printed repeatedly, two-color, three-color, four-color or even five-color effects can be produced, which is called "overprinter"; The book printed by overprint technology is called "overprint", which is the most distinctive color printing technology in ancient China. Movable type printing is to use copper casting or wood to make independent fonts, and then spell them into layout printing (Figure 4, Imperial Number and Refinement). Emperor Qianlong called the books printed with wooden movable type in the palace "Juzhen Edition". Slate printing is a western technology, which was introduced to China in the late Qing Dynasty. Because of its speed and low price, it quickly became popular. The structure of ancient books refers to the various components of the external form and content of specific ancient books, which gradually
Form a specific name.
1. Book cover: commonly known as book cover, also known as cover. (Repair Technical Specification 2.28) is the cover of the protective book added on the front and back of the book. The material of the book cover is generally hard paper, and the book cover is inscribed with the title.
Bookmark: a rectangular piece of paper used to write the title of an ancient book, usually attached to the upper left corner of the cover of an ancient book. Sometimes there are volumes and the author's name. (Maintenance Technical Specification 2.29)
3. Page: A written and printed sheet arranged in the order of the manuscript. (Maintenance Technical Specification 2.9)
4. Cover: located behind the leaves and in front of all the leaves. The title, author, time and place of publication are often engraved. (Maintenance Technical Specification 2. 18)
5. Leaf protection: also known as secondary leaves, used to protect the book block or connected books.
Clothes. (Maintenance Technical Specification 2. 19) is usually a blank sheet of paper. Before or after the title of the book.
6. Book block: refers to books that have been bound together in front of the book cover or in front of the book cover. (Maintenance Technical Specification 2.20)
7. Block: The part of the block that is twisted and nailed to the right. (Repair Technical Specification 2.24) That is, where the thread of the taper hole sleeve is tied.
8. Back of the book: also known as the spine, which is opposite to the mouth of the book. The part where the upper and lower covers are separated or connected is equivalent to the thickness of the book. (Repair Technical Specification 2.25) That is, the side of the book binding is like the back of the book, so it is called the spine.
9. Book head: the cut at the top of the book. Maintenance technical specification 2.2 1) is also called the beginning of the book.
10. Book root: (The term used in Repair Technical Specification 2.22 is called "book foot", which is interpreted as: the cut at the lower end of the book, also called book root. Some ancient books have titles, volumes and volumes at the root, but these titles are not at the root.
It must be accurate, some of them are printed in rigid form, and some of them are written by bibliophiles themselves for the convenience of searching, reading or protection, mostly referred to as abbreviations.
1 1. Corner: right end of head and foot. (Maintenance Technical Specification 2.27)