Banpo village is located near Xi 'an. An ancient village site dating back five or six thousand years was excavated from this village, which is a very important cultural site in the Yellow River Basin and was found in 1952. The site covers an area of 50,000 square meters and is divided into residential area, pottery workshop area and tomb area.
Laoguantai cultural relics
The site of Laoguantai Culture was discovered in hua county, Shaanxi Province in 1956 and excavated in 1959. Later, the same type of culture was discovered in Dadiwan, Tai 'an, Gansu, so Laoguantai culture was also called Dadiwan culture. Laoguantai culture is mainly distributed in Weihe River Basin, a tributary of the Yellow River. Laoguantai culture was in the early Neolithic period, more than 8,000 years ago. Mainly grinding stone tools, but a few make stone tools and fine stone tools. Making stone tools is the main symbol of the Paleolithic Age, while grinding stone tools marks the arrival of the Neolithic Age.
Peiligang culture
1977 Pei Ligang Cultural Site Discovered in Xinzheng, Henan Province. The architecture, cemetery and pottery of this site are very similar to the culture of Laoguantai, dating back more than 8,000 years. Grinding stone tools is not just beating stone tools. There are stone mills with feet, grinding rods, toothed stone sickles and double-edged stone shovels. Bone tools include bone arrows and bone needles. And wooden bows. Pottery is mainly clay red pottery and sand red pottery, including bowls, bowls, ding, pots, cups, jars, urns, spoons, retort, pots and so on. Among them, three-legged tripod and two-ear pot are the most representative. In addition, there are ceramic spinning wheels. There are also carved symbols on the pottery of this site, which are also original words.
Magnetic mountain culture
Magnetic mountain culture was discovered in 1972 in Wu 'an, Hebei Province. It is a little later than Peiligang culture, more than 7000 years ago, and its architecture, stone tools and pottery are similar to Peiligang culture. Its pottery began to transition to painted pottery. The site also found crops such as millet, walnuts, poultry and chickens.
Jiahu culture
Jiahu cultural site is located in Wuyang, Henan Province, more than 8,000 years ago, and it also belongs to Peiligang cultural type. Tortoise shell with symbols was found in the site, which is more than 4000 years earlier than Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins and earlier than papyrus in ancient Egypt 1000 years. In addition, bone flutes and wine vessels have been discovered, which is of great significance to the study of music and wine culture.
Yangshao culture
Yangshao Village is located in Mianchi County, Henan Province, where many cultural relics have been found in ancient sites. These handicrafts include stone tools, bone implements and pottery. Stone tools include knives, axes, pestles, trowels and stone spinning wheels. Bones have spicules, pottery has bowls, ding, coarse pottery and painted pottery.
Longshan culture
Longshan culture is also called black pottery culture. Black pottery products are delicate in texture and beautiful in shape. They are processed with ceramic wheels and fired in a kiln at high temperature (1000℃). The mastery of this high-temperature technology prepared for the arrival of the Bronze Age. Longshan culture is mainly divided into three types: Shaanxi, Henan and Shandong.
Beixin culture
The Northern New Culture Site is located in Tengzhou, Shandong Province, facing Longshan Culture across the river. It belongs to the middle Neolithic period and is the source of Dawenkou culture. Slightly later than Peiligang culture, stone tools and pottery are similar to those discovered by Peiligang.
Dawenkou culture
Dawenkou culture is in the middle and late Neolithic period, and its early pottery, stone tools and architecture are similar to Peiligang culture. The graphic symbols on his late pottery are different from the geometric symbols in Yangshao culture, and they are probably the ancestors of Oracle Bone Inscriptions.
the horse home kiln culture
Majiayao culture is a continuation of Yangshao culture's westward development, which was discovered in Zhao Lin, Gansu in 1923. Its painted pottery is very developed, inheriting the style of ditch at the bottom of the temple in Yangshao culture. Its early painted pottery was mainly black, with black and red patterns in the middle and black and red patterns in the later period. A bronze knife was also found in the site, which marked the transition from stone culture to bronze culture, and it was an era of stone and stone combination.