"Qi" and "Shu" are pulse conditions recorded in classic documents such as Neijing. These two pulse conditions reflect the pulse rate. "Late" pulse refers to the pulse with less than four beats (less than 60 beats per minute), indicating that the disease is "cold" and the qi and blood of the body are not functioning normally. In modern medical research, it is mostly caused by changes in the heart, such as increased vagal excitability and atrioventricular block. On the contrary, the "number" pulse is faster than the normal pulse, and it is more than five times in one breath (more than 90 times per minute), which is common in the "heat" syndrome and mainly reflects the hyperactivity of the body.
Dai pulse reflects the rhythm of pulse condition. It has been recorded in Neijing. The pulse meridian says that it is a pulse condition that jumps a few times and then stops a few times. This is a slow and regular intermittent pulse, which is equivalent to double pulse, three pulse and four pulse in modern medicine. It is more common in patients with heart disease with metabolic dysfunction, patients with severe heart failure or patients with critical health. Neijing points out that this pulse indicates weakness of dirty qi, which is consistent with modern medicine.
"Slippery" and "astringent" are mainly manifested as pulse waveform, that is, abnormal change of pulse vertical speed. The "slippery" pulse has been described in Neijing, and it is described as "flowing clouds" in Pulse Classic, which was called "moving like a pearl" by Sun Simiao, a famous doctor in Tang Dynasty. This pulse is common in phlegm, asthma, cough, hematocele, excess heat and other symptoms. Physiologically and pathologically, it is mostly caused by vigorous metabolism, rapid vasodilation and poor blood flow, which is common in hyperthyroidism and arteriosclerosis. After three months of pregnancy, women often have a "slippery" pulse due to factors such as increased blood volume and output and accelerated blood flow. This is not a sick pulse. It is reasonable for ancient Chinese medicine to know that pregnancy can be judged by pulse diagnosis. The "astringent" pulse is just the opposite, and it is a difficult pulse. This kind of pulse is "stagnant but not smooth", and it is said in "A Brief Introduction to Pulse in Neijing" that "astringency leads to heartache". This pulse can be divided into deficiency and excess. Deficiency means loss of qi and blood, but in fact it means qi, food, phlegm and so on. Blocking meridians, qi and blood flow is not smooth. Physiologically and pathologically, this is mainly due to the decrease of cardiac output and slow blood flow, which is common in anemia, blood loss and cardiac insufficiency.
The ancients also summed up that "all diseases should be avoided", such as "poisoning should be large and avoid subtlety; Those with blood in the abdomen should be smooth and avoid weakness: the stroke should be slow and avoid urgency. " Wait a minute. It is also concluded that there are "common pulse symptoms", such as "deep pulse is inside, strong pulse is inside, and weak pulse is inside; Severe cold and pain: severe cold and dampness: severe late illness and cold: severe internal heat: heavy slippery phlegm; Heavy and depressing; " Wait a minute. These are valuable for the diagnosis of etiology, types of diseases, pathogenesis and prognosis of diseases.
Of course, pulse diagnosis cannot replace all diagnostic methods. Neijing and Treatise on Febrile Diseases have long pointed out that pulse-taking must be combined with comprehensive observation, advocating the combination of "four diagnoses" (looking, smelling, asking and pulse-taking), treating diseases based on syndrome differentiation, and opposing judging diseases only by pulse-taking.
Topic: outline of TCM pulse diagnosis and treatment
catalogue
In ...................................................................... (1)
In ..................................................................... (26)
The first chapter ......................................................... (26)
The second chapter heavy pulse ......................................................... (59)
Chapter III Zimai ....................................................... (104)
Chapter IV Pulse ....................................................... (1 19)
The fifth chapter slippery pulse ....................................................... (174)
Chapter VI Stagnant Pulse ....................................................... (199)
Chapter VII Virtual Pulse ....................................................... (2 17)
Chapter VIII Real Pulse ....................................................... (234)
Chapter 9 Long pulse ....................................................... (243)
Chapter 10 Short Pulse ....................................................... (255)
Chapter 11 Hong Mai and .................................................... (269)
Chapter 12 Micropulse .................................................... (284)
Chapter 13 Nervous pulse .................................................... (295)
Chapter 14 Slow pulse .................................................... (308)
Chapter 15 Intravenous .................................................... (329)
Chapter 16 Chord .................................................... (343)
Chapter 17 Gomel .................................................... (363)
Chapter 18 Prison Pulse .................................................... (373)
Chapter 19 Rumai .................................................... (383)
Chapter 20 Weak pulse .................................................... (395)
Chapter 21 Scattered pulse ................................................. (409)
Chapter 22 Vein ................................................. (4 17)
Chapter 23 Fumai ................................................. (428)
Chapter 24 Arterial ................................................. (439)
Chapter 25 Promote pulse ................................................. (450)
Chapter 26 Knot pulse ................................................. (463)
Chapter 27 ................................................. for sale (482)
Chapter 22 See, smell, ask and diagnose ......................... (496)
Attach ..................................................................... (509)
A, acupuncture index ....................................................... (533)
Second, the soup index ....................................................... (533)
Postscript, ..................................................................... (533)