The tomb, whose word meets the original, was a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was originally from Daming, Hebei Province, and lost his parents when he was 5 years old. He and his great-uncle lived in Guangling, which is now Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province. Later, he made a living by teaching in Tianchang and Gaoyou, and he had the ambition to govern the country and the people. Mr Guangling's article and Seventeen History of Qiu Meng were handed down from generation to generation, and he died at the age of 27.
He died at the age of 27. The life journey of the tomb is short, and later generations often compare it to Li He of the Tang Dynasty. It is really regrettable that he is jealous of talents and does not fake the year.
Wang Ling's life is very sad and puzzling. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the imperial examination was already a hurdle for scholars. Whether you are a commoner or a nobleman, at least on the surface, it is a proof of talent.
Today's famous literati are generally from a background. Of course, there are also those who have failed the exam for a long time, such as Jia Daoluo and Jiang Yinkui. But after all, they worked hard for it, and the king made a lifelong reference. This is very puzzling.
He was born in poverty, his parents died when he was five years old, and his only sister was married. He can be said to be an orphan, which should be worse than him in the history of China literati.
Mausoleum: Wang Anshi's short-lived poet.
He took refuge in his uncle who was a small official in Yangzhou alone, so he always pretended to be a Guangling person. His uncle seems to be very kind to him and sent him to a private school. Although he is a little late, he studies very hard and often stays up late.
After studying for ten years, 16 years old, the widowed sister came to him with her nephew, so the two brothers and sisters lived alone and were embarrassed to have dinner with my uncle again. He started his own business and went out to "get together" to shoulder the heavy responsibility of a family of three.
The so-called "getting together to learn" means that everyone studies together, because he was not old enough to teach and could not be a teacher at that time, but his knowledge was good, so he studied with his master's apprentice and became a teacher, a class teacher and a student.
He met a noble man in Tianchang County. This is the family of a woman named Shu. It seems that she should also be a widowed woman. Her two sons are about the same age as Wang Ling. She helped Wang Ling a lot financially. The tomb spent five years in the Shu family, and spent the most important period in his life.
Wang Ling is an ambitious man. He "prepared for danger in times of peace, studied the ancient times, and made serious efforts to make progress from his youth to make up for the urgent needs of the present", but it was a bit abnormal that when he was 2/kloc-0, it coincided with the scientific research, but he insisted on not going. Some people in later generations said that the tomb was angry with the darkness of reality, gave up his official career to show his noble character, and did not want to go with the flow. This is a battle.
Mausoleum: Wang Anshi's short-lived poet.
At that time, Renzong was in a peaceful and prosperous time, with a clear political system, and people of insight were all eager to try. Fan Zhongyan, Wang Anshi, Sima Guang and other super bosses all appeared in this period, not to mention a large number of people such as Su Dongpo.
So, I think it must be that the Shu family he sent meals to had economic problems, and Wang Ling didn't want to spend too much money on this scientific research, so he had to give up. You know, it takes many times to take the Jinshi exam, and it takes at least three or four times to take the scholar exam in the provincial capital, and the cost along the way is not small.
On New Year's Eve, when the lights were on and everyone was beaming, the tomb wrote his masterpiece "Sending the Poor":
Since my birth, it's over today, and I've been forced and in danger.
Raise your head and hinder the sky, stretch your feet without land, focus on smallness, and you can't live!
Carving barren is not fat, bones are exposed, winter is often cold, and days are short of hunger.
……
In the Tang Dynasty, Han Yu was poor in his early years and wrote an article with the same name. Under the same circumstances, the tomb lamented the loneliness and poverty of living under other people's fences, which made people sad to read.
Long-term meal delivery is not a long-term solution. During this period, in order to achieve self-reliance, he also went out to teach many times. But he couldn't stand the cold world, and his feelings were warm and cold. He left and came back several times, which made him very embarrassed. However, he felt frustrated and full of grievances.
Mausoleum: Wang Anshi's short-lived poet.
As a guest, flying is not free. Don't go near when you know that the meal is urgent.
It's autumn in Jiang Hushui, and the traffic jam is very serious at night. Mourners cut themselves. You're sad.
This is a poem called "The Lonely Goose". This poem is very sad. In fact, judging from Wang Ling's own situation, it is very melodramatic. You give food to others, but you are complaining that they don't give you freedom. You compare yourself to a lonely goose, but you are not suitable. You know the hardships of "trying to find a job", but you are afraid of "finding the net". This kind of sadness is your own sadness. If you have the ability, you can fit in. Those "geese" all went to the imperial examination. It's pointless for you to complain here.
Later, he went to Gaoyou. During this period, Wang Anshi was called to Beijing. He was deeply impressed by Wang Anshi's poems, so he wrote a poem "Field of Nanshan", which wrote:
The fields in Nanshan are vast, and no one does it for it. People are in Nanshan, who will teach them.
What's the new guy? Who's the toe. The grass is too thick to grow.
At first, I went to Xi, and I will go back to Xi.
If you want to treat me with fields, I will fail in shallow ploughing in the valley. ……
This is obviously a work similar to Tao Yuanming's Gui Xi Ci. I didn't understand it after reading it for a long time. Generally speaking, I am ambitious, but I am unlucky everywhere. I can't do anything. In fact, I still expressed that no one supported me. I don't know if it's true or not.
Mausoleum: Wang Anshi's short-lived poet.
But Wang Anshi certainly understood and regarded him as a wizard. In his reply, he praised: "The abundance of the first step is beyond the reach of one person." Wang Anshi was dismissive of Su Dongpo's articles, but his evaluation of the tomb was so high that he thought it was higher than his own talent, which was really unexpected.
After Wang Anshi entered Beijing, he rose to the rank of prime minister and carried out the famous "Wang Anshi Reform". He has been writing to and from the tomb, and his friendship is very deep, but strangely, as a scholar, Wang Anshi did not seem to persuade the tomb to take the exam for fame.
Wang's friends must be talented people. Under the introduction of Wang Anshi, many celebrities and scholars in Beijing have also become friends of the tomb. They often voted in chorus and exchanged poems, which also made Wang Ling famous. What's more, some people tried to put in a good word for Wang Anshi in order to make him an official, which of course made the tomb very shameful.
With the rise of Wang Ling's talent, his Gaoyou parents must also "express", so he was appointed as Gaoyou academic officer, a county-level official in charge of academic affairs, such as examinations and school education affairs. Of course, it may be a teacher, but I don't know which level Wang Ling belongs to. Anyway, it is still in the official sequence.
Mausoleum: Wang Anshi's short-lived poet.
So he returned to the Shu family in Tianchang. "If you go back, it will take a long time." Speaking of which, I think this is quite famous. It seems that his relationship with widow Shu's family is extraordinary. It can be said that since he 16 years old stepped into Shu family, he regarded it as a base area. So, I'm imagining, maybe, he is the small fresh meat of Shu family.
The tomb is in an awkward position in the Shu family. His sister later chose to remarry and left him. He delivers food here alone. In today's words, he is "eating soft rice", but he is not reconciled. He was "given by others and didn't get enough in return" and "hungry, but he didn't lead the way, and he was ashamed of it."
In the end, he chose to leave Shu's family and go to Jiangyin as a teacher. He is so poor that his house is in rags. He described in a poem:
The broken eaves and columns are irrelevant, and the tile floor beam is overhead.
The door is closed without princes, and the dog is always arrogant.
Wang Anshi's appreciation of the tomb is unparalleled, but the tomb is a white road. At that time, people with no background would never have a bright future, and no one could help him. The reason why they appreciate each other, in addition to poetry, I think it is more likely to be called "right temper."
Wang Anshi is a famous "bitter xianggong", that is, as the saying goes, "one track-minded" No one can convince him of what he is looking for. In this respect, Wang Ling is even worse. He said he wouldn't take the college entrance examination, and he wouldn't take it unless he became an official. He has a temper!
Wang Anshi helped him find a wife. In that era of early marriage, men and women usually got married in their teens. Wang Ling must have got married because of the Shu family, so she can't stand on her own feet economically.
Mausoleum: Wang Anshi's short-lived poet.
Wang Anshi married his cousin to the tomb, and Wang Ren wrote many books to my uncle Yanwu, saying that the tomb was good, good, and finally my uncle agreed. At this time, Wang Ling was 26 years old.
Shortly after Wang Ling got married, he was invited to give lectures in Changzhou. When good luck seemed to come, he couldn't afford to get sick and died the next year.
Later generations said that he died of athlete's foot, thanks to a book he gave to Wang Anshi, which said that "except for foot disease, it is forgetful and boring." Is this beriberi fatal? I don't quite believe it, but I died of something, but there is no other way to prove it.
Wang Anshi was very sad after the death of the tomb. He not only wrote "Wang Fengyuan's Epitaph", but also wrote three poems "Missing Wang Fengyuan" to express his thoughts. From the following poem, we can also see his deep friendship with the tomb.
Artemisia capillaris wants to disperse today, and the autumn wind blows again on the hill;
Wonderful qualities are not available to ordinary people, but only to old friends.
Lushan Mountain turns south into a book case, and water comes to the east to enter the wine;
History is pitiful and easy to handle, and that was the case at that time.
Like "Shi Gui" Li He, Wang Ling died young at the age of 27, but in his short life, he left more than 70 essays and 480 poems for later generations. It is amazing that he can achieve such fruitful results in his writing in just ten years.
Because he was naked and young all his life, he lacked many ideological constraints. Therefore, the poetic style of the tomb is relatively unrestrained. He has a special liking for Han Meng's school of poetry, and emphasizes defamiliarization. With the creative attitude of "complaining when there is injustice", he pours his feelings about life and society into his poems.