2 English reference black eyes [Landau Chinese-English Dictionary]
Eyelid ecchymosis [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Dark circles [Chinese medicine terminology examination Committee]. Terminology of traditional Chinese medicine (20 13)]
Cornea [Committee of Traditional Chinese Medicine Terminology]. Terminology of traditional Chinese medicine (20 13)]
3 Overview Black eyes are black eyes [1]. "The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic": "The essence of tendons is black eyes."
Corneal black is the name of eye anatomy in Chinese medicine. See Hai Yin Jing Wei. Black eyes are also called black eyes, black beads, black kernels, black beads, black wheels, black eyes, magic beads and green eyes [2], and western medicine is called cornea. It refers to 1/6 colorless transparent tissue in the front center of the outer wall of the eyeball, which is the only way for light to penetrate into the eye and one of the light-transmitting bodies, and has the function of protecting the eyeball [3]. Black eyes are the only way for light to penetrate into the eyes and have the function of protecting the eyes [4]. Black eyes get their name because they can see through the dark brown of Ren Huang [2]. The edge of the black eyeball is close to the white eyeball, and the lesions of the two are often related to each other [2].
4 organizational structure of black eyes Black eyes are located in front of the eyeball and have transparent textures. The surface is smooth, the radius of curvature of the anterior surface is 7.8 mm, and the posterior surface is about 6.8 mm, which is an important refractive stroma. The transverse diameter of the black eye is about 1 1.5 ~ 12mm, and the vertical diameter is about10.5 ~ 1mm, and the thickness of the central part is about 0.5 ~ 0.57mm, and the thickness of the periphery can reach/kloc.
The organizational structure of black eyes is divided into five layers from front to back.
Epithelial cell layer (1): It is the continuation of bulbar conjunctival epithelium and consists of 5-6 layers of cells, which are easy to separate from the pre-elastic layer and have strong epithelial regeneration ability. After the injury, it can be repaired within 24 hours without leaving scars. Because the epithelial layer and bulbar conjunctival epithelial layer are continuous with each other, they can influence each other when they are sick.
(2) Anterior elastic layer: it is a uniform and unstructured transparent film, which stops at the edge of cornea and cannot be regenerated after injury.
(3) Solid layer: 9/ 10 of the total corneal thickness. It consists of about 200 fibrous layers, which are composed of fibrous cambium, parallel to the corneal surface, arranged very regularly, with the same refractive index, and extending to the sclera tissue all around, so it can affect each other during inflammation. This layer has no regenerative ability, and once it is injured, it will be replaced by scar tissue.
(4) Posterior elastic layer: a transparent homogeneous membrane composed of collagen fibers, which is divided into thin strips at the anterior chamber corner, migrates in trabecular tissue and can be regenerated after injury. This layer is elastic and tough. Before corneal ulcer perforation, the elastic layer at the back often bulges out, even lasting for several days.
(5) Endothelial cell layer: composed of neat monolayer endothelial cells. This layer is connected with the surface layer of iris and has the function of corneal water barrier. Under normal circumstances, aqueous humor cannot penetrate into corneal tissue through this layer. Endothelial cell injury is easy to cause matrix edema. This layer can not regenerate after adult injury, and the defect area is mainly covered by the expansion and migration of adjacent endothelial cells.
Black eyes have no blood vessels, and their nutrition mainly depends on corneal limbus vascular network and aqueous humor, and 80% of the oxygen needed for metabolism comes from air.
Black eyes are rich in trigeminal nerve endings, so they feel particularly keen. Once they come into contact with the outside world, they will immediately cause a protective eye-closing reaction.
5 the relationship between black eyes and internal organs