According to your introduction, your family is probably the Eight Banners of the Han Dynasty. I just found some information about the Manchu Gao family and posted it for you. Hope it can be helpful to you
A preliminary study of the Manchu Gao family
Gao Daming
The Manchu ancestors lived in Xingkai during the Neolithic period 6,800 years ago The Hu generation lived by fishing and hunting and entered a patriarchal society; they have been inseparable from the Han people since the Western Zhou Dynasty. Thousands of years of ethnic integration history have created a splendid culture and contributed to the unification and development of the Chinese nation. made a huge contribution.
The ancestors of the Manchu people originally lived in the northern part of Northeast China and the Far East of Russia. Due to a cold period in history, the ancestors gradually moved south and had more contacts with the Central Plains. It was during the Tang and Song Dynasties that he became truly active on China's political stage. The Jin Dynasty was the era when the Jurchens, the predecessors of the Manchus, rose to prominence. It was an era in which heroes emerged in large numbers. Due to advocating and learning Han culture, the Jurchens gradually entered the modern society at that time and became an important member of the Chinese nation. After hundreds of years in the Yuan and Ming dynasties, the Jurchens integrated with other northern ethnic minorities and formed a huge political force. Under the wise leadership of Nurhachi, in Manchuria, which was not unified in the Ming Dynasty, the Manchu people were formed. A harmonious family of ethnic groups.
According to Zhao Weihe's "Exploration of the Origin of the Eight Major Surnames of the Manchu Famous Families in Liaodong" in "Xinbin Qing Prehistoric Research Series", the Liaodong area where the Manchus live often uses Tong, Guan, Ma, Suo and He ( There are also eight Manchu surnames that are believed to be Ye's), Fu, Na, and Lang and are regarded as Chen Manzhou's famous surnames. This title reflects the population situation after the Manchus switched to Han surnames after the mid-Qing Dynasty. These eight surnames are also the eight Manchu clans formed by the descendants of Jurchens in the Jin Dynasty, and are regionally representative. They can directly explore the fishing, hunting, gathering and migration life of the Manchu ancestors, reveal the social development conditions of each historical period, and reflect the long historical process of national cultural integration.
So how did the Manchu Gao family evolve? On the surface, these eight surnames do not include the Gao surname, but from the evolution of Manchu surnames, it can be seen that the Hesheli surname originated from the Jurchen He Shilie surname. This surname lived at the confluence of Songhua River and Heilongjiang in history. Dai returned to Huli and changed his path. Because his ancestors had outstanding military achievements and became royal relatives of the Jin Dynasty, the clan was huge. Long before the Heshel clan adopted the surname Heshel, there were Hes from other clans. Shi Lie's crown was separated with a new surname, and the branch of He Shi Lie's crown was translated into Chinese and Gao's surname was separated in this way. According to "The Origin of Manchu Surnames", after the Jurchen "He Shilie" of the Jin Dynasty settled in the Central Plains, they changed their surnames to Gao and Lu in the Yuan Dynasty. From the late Yuan to the early Ming Dynasty to the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the Heshilie family whose surnames were not changed to the Han surnames Gao and Lu were changed to Hesheli (or Hesheli, Hesheli); in the late Qing Dynasty, the Hesheli family changed their Han surnames to He, He, Zhang, Kang, and some data believe that some people changed their surnames to Gao. Therefore, dating back to the Jin and Yuan dynasties, the Manchus Gao and Lu were of the same origin as He, He, Zhang and Kang.
The Gao family is the earliest Chinese surname used by the Manchu people and is the oldest surname in Bohai. The Bohai people fully accepted the Han culture and were fully Hanized during the 229th year of the reign of the Kingdom. Including the official system and clothing, they were the first Manchu ancestors to use Chinese surnames. According to Song Mo Jiwen by Song Honghao, the king's surname was Da, and his surnames were: Gao, Zhang, Yang, Dou, Wu, and Li. The slaves in Buqu have no surnames. Jin Yufu, a recent scholar, recorded in "Bohai Guozhi Longbian" that the Bohai people's surnames include Da, Gao, Zhang, Yang, Dou, Wu, Li, Ren, Ma, Cong, He, De, Gong, Mu, Feng, An, Wang, Yi, Shi, Lu, Xin, Men, Cui, Pei, Wu, Zhu, Jie, Zhao, etc.
The "Compilation of the Northern League of the Three Dynasties" written by the Song Dynasty records: The Jurchen surname "Nalan" means "Gao". Tao Zongyi of the Yuan Dynasty recorded in "Records of Nancun Stopping Farming" that the Jin people's surname was Gao when they begged for stones. According to the ancient Korean book "Records of the Li Dynasty", the Jurchen Ada in the northern part of Tieling has thousands of households in Gao Di, and their surname is Gao. The detailed description is: the decline of the Tang Dynasty and the disputes of the Five Dynasties. The Khitans, who originated from Xianbei, rose rapidly, unified the eight Khitan tribes, eliminated the Bohai Kingdom, and established the Daliao Empire. The people of Bohai became slaves of the subjugated country. Their surnames and customs remained unchanged. The surnames of Heishui Mohe and others began to appear in historical records. "Compilation of the Northern Alliance of Three Dynasties? Jurchen History" states that the Jurchens in the late Tang Dynasty had "thirty common surnames": their surnames are "Wanyan" which is called "king", "Chizhan" which is called "Zhang", and "Nalan" which is called "Gao" , Paimoshen, Dujin, Odun, Heshilie, Tudan, Poyuman, Niangchu, Mengchu, Tuoman, Wendikai, Chusuo, Aowuju, Nimangu, Chaojiao, A Fanbomulu, Wuzhenbomulu, Bomulu, Yuyulong, Huangwu, Duding, Adie, Wuling, Pucha, Wuyan, Tudan, Pusan, Wendun and Panggu. By the end of the Tang Dynasty, the tribe was prosperous, with thirty leaders, each with a surname, and a total of thirty surnames. In this regard, "History of Goryeo" also said that the Jurchens had thirty surnames. Among these 30 surnames, there were the Gao family whose surname was changed from "Nalan", and the "Heshi Lie family" who had not yet changed their surname to Gao.
The old surnames of the Manchu Gao family include: Guarjia, Gaojia, Tongjia, Sakda, Hesheli, Guoluoluo, Gorji, Shumuli clan, Bayuetu clan, Guoerluosi clan, Nala clan, as well as the Guoerjia clan (Xibe clan) and Gao clan (Han clan) who joined the Manchu people.
However, the problem is not that simple. "The Origin of Manchu Surnames" introduces that the Qing Dynasty surname Hesheli (also known as Hesheli and Hesheli), which gave birth to celebrities such as Sony, was changed to the Han surnames Gao and Kang in the early years of Guangxu. , He, He Zhang, etc. (there is also information that Hesheli was only changed to three surnames: He, Kang, and Zhang); and according to "The Distribution of Surnames and Main Clans of the Manchus in Shenyang", the Manchus Gorles and Tolulu All the clans were changed to the Han surname Gao, and "Auspicious Manchu" and "Eight Banners Manchu Clan Genealogy" also introduced that there are Gaojia clan, Gaodama clan and Gao clan among the Manchus. The Gaojia clan mentioned here may be the integration of the Han people into the Manchus. The surname Gao, because a certain good surname among the Manchu people generally indicates that the original ancestor is Han. The Gao family may refer to the He Shilie family of the Jin and Yuan Dynasties that were later translated into Chinese surnames. The author estimates that these three surnames are all among the current Manchu Gao families; and according to the "Manchu Hometown Network" "The Manchus in Dandong Region" Ren Yuanliu" introduced, "There were Xibo soldiers in the Eight Banners of Manchuria, and most of their descendants were integrated into the Manchu ethnic group. The Xibo people originally lived in Jilin Boduna (Fuyu, Jilin). In 1690 (the 29th year of Kangxi), there were 300 Xibo soldiers. Soldiers and their families came to Fenghuang City to guard the border. Their surnames include Bai, Wen, He, Yang, Shen, Mo, Wu, Na, Gao, etc." Among them, the surname Gao is Guoerjia of the Xibe ethnic group, which means that the Gao family also has descendants from the Xibe ethnic group. In addition, some surnames in the Eight Banners of Mongolia may have evolved into high surnames of the Manchus after hundreds of years of cohabitation and intermarriage among the Manchus. This means that in addition to the He Shilie family whose Chinese surname is translated as Gao, there are also the Gorles family, the Golululu family (or the Guoluoluo family), the Gaojia family, the Gaodama family, and some Xibo compatriots and Mongolians. Changing the surname to Han is better. These families are the current Manchu surnames.
Kunlun Yuxu die-hard member 8 The earliest Chinese surname used by the Manchu people, the surname of Bohai country. The "Compilation of the Northern Alliance of Three Dynasties" written by the Song Dynasty records: The Jurchen surname "Nalan" means "Gao". Tao Zongyi of the Yuan Dynasty recorded in "Records of Nancun Stopping Farming" that the Jin people's surname was Gao when they begged for stones. According to the ancient Korean book "Records of the Li Dynasty", the Jurchen Ada in the northern part of Tieling has thousands of households in Gao Di, and their surname is Gao.
Old surnames include: Gualjia, Gaojia, Tongjia, Sakda, Hesheli, Guoluoluo, Gorgi, Shumuli, and Bayue The Tu family, the Guoerluosi family, the Nala family, as well as the Guoerjia family (Xibo family) and Gao family (Han family) who joined the Manchu people.
The people of the Heshilie tribe in the Jin Dynasty had the surname Heshilie, which was based on the tribe. Although their original place of residence is the confluence of Songhua River and Heilongjiang (the annals of Hulan County, Heilongjiang Province also say that there was a tribe of He Shilie in the Hulan River Basin, which was called Jurchen in the Liao Dynasty), some Jurchens in the Jin Dynasty lived The area is as far north as the Yangtze River in China. This group of people have many opportunities to come into contact with Chinese culture. It is quite normal for them to learn Chinese culture and admire Chinese culture and change their surname to Han. In particular, the He Shilie family has produced several pillars of the Jin Kingdom. Naturally, the family is prosperous and has a high level of education.
According to the records of He Shi Lie Zhining, a famous general of the Jin Dynasty in the "Manchu Website": He Shi Lie Zhining (? - 1172), whose real name was Sahe Nian. He is famous for "Shen Yi has a great strategy" (see "History of the Jin Dynasty? Biography of He Shilie Zhining") and was a famous general during the reign of Emperor Shizong of the Jin Dynasty. "He Shilie Zhining is a Huta'an native of Shangjing (now Acheng, Heilongjiang Province). He Shilie is a famous Jurchen tribe. Since Han Chi, the ancestor of the fifth generation, he has been married to the Wanyan family of the royal family. Zhining's father Saba, During the reign of King Hailing, he served as Dongping Yin, Kaiyuan Army Jiedushi and other officials. Zhining's father-in-law, Wanyan Zongbi (namely Jin Wushu), was an outstanding military strategist and politician of the Jurchen tribe in the Jin Dynasty. Most favored by Zong Bi. During the reign of Emperor Xizong, Zhining served as a guard and other officials. During the reign of King Hailing, Zhining was highly trusted and his official position gradually rose to prominence. Jiedushi and Minister of the Ministry of War were changed to Zuo Xuanhui and Du Dianqian, and moved to the post of deputy privy envoy and Kaifeng Yin. In the sixth year of Zhenglong (1161), King Hailing failed in his southern expedition, and Wan Yanyong launched a campaign in Tokyo (today's Liaoyang, Liaoning). During the coup, Jin Shizong ascended the throne. At that time, Zhining was serving as the deputy commander of the north, and he and the commander Bai Yanjing led troops to suppress the Khitan peasant and herdsman rebel army. They marched to Beijing (now Daming City in the northwest of Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia). After hearing that Shizong had different aspirations, he conspired to attack Shizong. After Shizong ascended the throne, he sent envoys to surrender. Bai Yanjing and Zhining killed nine of his envoys. Shizong originally wanted to lead his army to resist, but " "Everyone refused to fight" and had no choice but to surrender. In order to stabilize the political situation, Sejong adopted a tolerant policy towards important ministers of the previous dynasty. Instead of punishing Zhining and others who had supported the army against him, he instead entrusted him with important tasks. This moved Zhining deeply. , determined to live up to Sejong's trust in him. He made outstanding achievements in the south and north, and became a famous general during Sejong's reign. The Song soldiers who marched north contributed to the conclusion of the "Longxing Peace Agreement"
According to the "History of the Jin Dynasty? Biography" records: "He Shilie Hengduan, the southwestern route of Hu Lun, the Song Dynasty cut Meng Ke, and attacked his brother Yin Shu. Conspiracy. Taihe attacked the Song Dynasty, marched ten thousand households, defeated two thousand Song troops in Caizhou, and added General Yiwu. Crossing the Huaihe River from Shouzhou, he defeated 15,000 Song Buqi at Yaozi Ridge and defeated Anfeng's army. ”
It is estimated that due to the fall of the Jin regime, the Heshilie tribe migrated to the current Burha River, Tangwang River, and Longwu River basins in Yanbian at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, and separated from the Heshe tribe. The Li family, the Hesheli family "lived in Ying'e, the capital of the country. In the early days of the country, Shuo Se came back and belonged to the Zhenghuang Banner of Manchuria. He was fluent in Manchu, Han, and Mongolian, and his son Sony was also fluent in Manchu, Han, and Mongolian. He was a first-class bodyguard and experienced military exploits. He was ordered by Emperor Shizu Zhang to serve as an auxiliary minister, and was awarded the first-class duke, with the posthumous title of Wenzhong.
His ancestral tomb is in the left corner of Zhaoling." It was the Hesheli people's fame and status that enabled the family to grow and develop into a famous Manchu surname in the Qing Dynasty. It was later divided into three Han surnames: He, Zhang and Kang."
Unfortunately, I have not found written historical materials about the Gao family that was separated from the Heshi Lie family as early as the Yuan Dynasty.
The "List of Manchu Surnames in Hohhot City" introduces that Gao's ancestral home is in Changbai Mountain, Foala, Baidune, Wanyan and other places. His original surnames are Hesheli, Qishilie and Gaojia. The author believes that the Gao surname whose ancestral home is in Changbai Mountain includes the descendants of the He Shilie family, but it cannot be ruled out that among them are the descendants of the Guo Luojia and Gorles families, because these families all lived near Changbai Mountain; and the ancestral home is The people of Baidune (also known as Bodune, Fuyu, Jilin) ??are naturally the Xibe people.
According to the article "Subtle Changes in Surnames" in "Auspicious Manchu", the surname Gao comes from the three Manchu surnames Hesheli, Gaojia and Guo Luoluo. Among them, Guo Luoluo should be the same as Golulu They have the same Manchu surname, but the translated Chinese characters are different.
According to "The Origin of Manchu Surnames", the surname Gao comes from the three surnames Gaojia, Hesheli and Gorles, while the surname He comes from Hesheli. He Sheli and He Sheli here should be the same Manchu surname, but the pronunciation is different.
In "Manchus in Shenyang", it is introduced that the Manchus with high surnames in Shenyang are the Manchus who immigrated to Shenyang from all over the country in modern times. According to the genealogy of Gao Qingbao, a Manchu engineer from Shenyang High Pressure Valve Factory, his ancestors lived in Zhangyu Daogou in the west of Changbai Mountain (author's note: the word "Zhang Yu" may be wrong). He was named Baiguoerle after Guoerles came out of the inland area of ??the banner. Si, whose surname is the Gao family, came to Fengtian with his sixth generation ancestor during the war, and lived in Shangboguantun, within the boundary of Zhenglan Banner in the east of Fengtian City. He occupied an area and erected a monument. In the second year of Shunzhi, his ancestor came to the Ministry of Internal Affairs in Beijing. Under the leadership of Huang Manchu E Hengzuo, he lived outside the south gate of Beijing City, and his official title was Zhongxian Dafu... Later generations were transferred to Yizhou Zhenglan Banner Manzhou, and their descendants lived in Yizhou Fangshengou Gaoshihuren Tazi Changshanzi... In the 23rd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, Tekshen served as the commander of the Fengsheng Azuo of the Zhenglan Banner in Yizhou and in charge of the troops. In the 25th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, Tekeshen was awarded the fifth rank of Dingdai by the deputy capital of Mengjinzhou, and he served as the leader for the past 26 years." Descendants Come to Shen in modern times. Say a paragraph to show that their ancestors are the Gorles of the Manchu people. The 20-character name Fan is as follows:
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Kunlun Yuxu Hardcore Member 8 Chen Dewen Qingguang, Qingfu accounted for the rise of the clouds, increased prosperity and prosperity, auspiciousness forever Junheng
As can be seen from the above, this is Goer The Les family (possibly the same surname as the Guoerluosi family) and the Gao family whose surname was changed to Han are not the same family as the Heshilie family.
The Guo Luojia family (the same as the Guo Luojia family) is homophonic for ". Gao is the surname, and he currently lives in Sijia Village, Hongqi Town, Fengcheng City. Therefore, the Gao surname has nothing to do with the descendants of He Shilie. And the author does not understand why there is a "Jia" family among the Manchu surnames.
The Gaojia surname is found in "General Chronicles of the Dynasty? Clan Profile? Surnames of the Eight Banners of Manchuria". He lived in Gaizhou (Gaixian County, Liaoning Province), Liaoyang, Wula, Jilin and other places, and later changed his surname to Gao. Famous figures include: Emperor Qianlong's concubine Huixian. , Gao Bin and Gao Jin, the fathers of Imperial Concubine Huixian, are unknown.
According to other information, the Gao family is of Han nationality (Nikan). , Tainikan, Fushun Nikan) surname. Nikan means Han in Manchu. It is found in the "Eight Banners Genealogy of Manchu Surnames". He lived in Shenyang, Liaoyang and other places. Famous figures include: Buda, cabinet bachelor and minister of the Ministry of Rites. Li, Huaiyang Road is high and beautiful.
Our Gao family belongs to Zhenghuang Banner. In the late Qing Dynasty (before the establishment of Qinggang County, that is, before 1904), we were together with the Manchus with surnames such as Guan, Han, Bai, and Wu. He settled in Han Yonghe Village, Zhaggang Township, Qinggang County, Heilongjiang Province. According to the elders, he came from Fengcheng, Liaoning Province, and some said he came from Jiangnan (Jilin?) first and then to Qinggang County. The name Yonghe Village came from the fact that Han Yonghe of the Han family decided to return to his hometown and engage in the New Culture Movement in his early years after graduating from Peking University. After his death, the National Government used this place as the name of this Manchu settlement in memory of him, and changed it to Yongzheng Village after liberation. The old man recalled that the Manchu people were the descendants of Jin Wushu, and the reason was that during festivals (possibly the Spring Festival), Baofu (probably these two words) were burned behind the chimney. The two brothers from the family came here. I don’t know if they are brothers. They each brought their genealogy sheets. Among them, the elder brother is my grandfather’s father. It has been 5 generations in my generation. The two brothers gave birth to at least 7 sons ( I have the sixth grandma and the seventh grandma). In my grandfather’s generation, I have at least 7 brothers. My father’s generation has countless brothers, and my generation and the next generation have more. The tribe’s residence is divided into the Donggao family and the Xigao family. The descendants of the ancestors live in the Xigao family. Because the family tree (written in Manchu on yellow silk cloth) has been lost. So I wonder where the original family member is and who else is there?
My great-grandfather’s name is Gao Wensheng. According to my grandfather, in the late Qing Dynasty or the early Republic of China, they asked an old Mongolian gentleman to read the family tree and told me that the names of my grandparents should be Fan Yong. The Donggao family also invited a Mongolian gentleman and said that their ancestors should be named Fan De. This may be This is due to their different levels of Manchu writing, so the characters of this generation are different, but my father’s generation has the same character of Fanchun. According to the comparison of Fan characters, our surname Gao will not be changed from the Gorles family to the Gao family. Moreover, according to Heshi netizens in Shuangcheng, Heilongjiang Province, they are two branches of the Hesheli family from Fengcheng who moved to Shuangcheng. , are now in the Twin Cities, and our two ancestors are naturally not from the Hesheli clan.
Therefore, our possible surnames are:
The two branches of the Gao family that were translated into the Yuan Dynasty by He Shilie;
The two branches of the Gao Jia family;
Guo Luojia's transliterated Chinese surname Gao;
Gaoda Ma's simplified Chinese surname Gao;
The Xibo people changed it to the Manchu surname Gao;
The Mongolian people changed the Manchu clan to the Gao clan;
The Han army banner people changed the Gao clan.
Since my ancestors moved to Heilongjiang Province at the end of the Qing Dynasty, and moved there together with so many Manchu compatriots, they must have lived together or nearby when they originally moved there, and communication at that time was Underdeveloped, it is impossible to go to Heilongjiang Province together through simple contact. Therefore, we should also go to the residential areas where Manchus with these surnames currently live to find their roots.
In addition, my elders said that when a boy was born in our family during the Qing Dynasty, the Qing government would give him 2 taels of silver per month. And until my mother's generation, they still called my mother Nana and my father Mama in Manchu. When my mother first married into our family, she heard the second aunt's child calling Nana. She said, "Second aunt, your child is hungry!" , made a joke; during the Cultural Revolution, I personally heard these two terms of address used by Qitai Nai and grandma when they were chatting. For a while, I always wondered: How can I call my father "swearing"? I thought it was quite funny at the time!
I have written so much just because I hope that the Gao clan and those who are familiar with the matter can introduce more about the Manchu Gao clan’s genealogy and carry forward the cause of finding the Gao clan’s roots to the end!
At the same time, it is also recommended that all our Manchu compatriots participate in root-searching and make our family tree public, so that compatriots who do not have a family tree but have some clues can quickly identify their ancestors. This must be of great significance to the development of the Manchu people.
Auspicious Year of the Rooster!
About the author
Gao Daming, Manchu. Born in 1957 in Han Yonghe Village, Qinggang County, Heilongjiang Province. Engaged in research on environmental protection and precious metal metallurgical technology, he is a professor-level senior engineer and enjoys special government allowances from the State Council.