2. Brief introduction to "Cutting Lights and Newspeak":
A New Story of Cutting Lights by Qu You [(1)] (1341-1427), a native of Qiantang. According to "Poems of Past Dynasties", "(Qu You) had a poem title at the age of fourteen. Father's good friend Zhang Yanfu visited from Fujian, and his father treated him with chicken wine. Zhang pointed to the chicken and asked him to write a poem. The dialogue under the window of Song Dynasty is high, and the reputation of five virtues is colorful. "Naturally, Zhang Fan is affectionate, so why use an ox knife when cutting and cooking?" Zhang Da praised it, hand-painted a osmanthus flower, and inscribed a poem:' Qu Jun has a son, who can write poems early, and the scenery is Lanyuzi, Ying Ying. There is a kind of unicorn in the world, so it should be folded high and cold.' "His father is very proud. He built a Guitang.
Although Qu You is knowledgeable and talented, he was born at an inopportune time. In his early years, in order to avoid the fire at the end of Yuan Dynasty, he lived in Siming, Gusu and other places and was displaced from place to place. During the Hongwu period, Ren Renhe was the head of the Academy, and he was a junior official of Lin 'an and Yiyang Academy. In the early years of Yongle, he was promoted to the right long history week; In the sixth year of Yongle (1408), Zhou Wang made a mistake and Qu You was detained and imprisoned for rebellion and dereliction of duty [(2)]; In the 13th year of Yongle (14 15), Jin Yiwei, who was exiled to the customs, has spent ten years there. In exile, Qu You once wrote a poem "Journey", which said: "Only in spring, the door is hidden alone, and the wine is enough to relieve the sorrow. Listening to the rain, I feel lonely, and there is still a sword from a distance; When did you fight a tiger with Li Guang? When you hear the chicken dancing in the middle of the night, Liu Kun, you have been in the arms of your family and country all your life, and your tears are wet! " Expressed a cavity his ambition is hard to pay. It was not until the first year of Injong Hongxi (1425) that Qu Youcai asked Zhang Fu, a British public servant, for pardon and was released three years later. Xuanzong Xuande eight years (1433), died at home at the age of 87.
Qu You wrote a lot in his life, including more than twenty kinds according to Lang Yingqi's Draft and Zhejiang Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty. At present, only "Cut the Lights in Mandarin" and "Poem of Returning to the Field" have been handed down.
The story of the new lantern cutting was written in the 11th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1378). At first, there were 40 volumes called "The Record of Cutting Lights", and the manuscript was circulated. When Qu You was demoted as a security guard, unfortunately, the manuscript of Cutting Lights was lost with other manuscripts. Later, when Xu Jiang was appointed as Yin of Pujiang, Sichuan Province, he accidentally found a four-volume manuscript of "Cutting Lights" in Yihe, the secretary of Guantian, and cherished it very much. In the 18th year of Yongle (1420), Hu Ziang was transferred to work in Xinghe, which is away from Baoan 100. He specially found Qu You, personally returned the four-volume manuscript to him, and asked him to revise it again, which may be published in Fu Zi that year. This book has been written for 42 years.
3. An analysis of the reasons why "Cut Light Mandarin" was banned.
In the history of banning books in China, the Qin Dynasty banned books and the Sui Dynasty burned weft were two large-scale banned books movements. There are sporadic records in the history of post-origin: Cai Jing tampered with records in the Northern Song Dynasty, Qin Gui banned unofficial history, and all folk records were banned after the Song Dynasty. From the Yuan Dynasty to the early Ming Dynasty, the rulers banned folk operas and included them in the laws of the imperial court. In the seventh year of the Ming Dynasty (1442), novels that have always been despised by the ruling class as the last stream, why did they receive special attention from the rulers at this time and were banned?
Ninety years of Records of Yingzong: "In the seventh year of orthodoxy, at the end of February, Li Shimian of imperial academy offered a toast:' There are vulgar Confucianism in recent times, and they are decorated with rootless words under the pretext of cutting lights and bureaucratic jargon. Not only are they frivolous people, but as for Confucian scholars born by experience, they should give up their studies and talk about them day and night. If it is not strictly prohibited, heresy will be feared, and the new moon will flourish and confuse people. Begging the secretary, writing about internal and external affairs, mentioning school affairs, inspecting officials and inspecting places, all these books must be burned, and those who print and sell Tibet are guilty as a law. Ordinary people know the right way and are not confused by evil. "From it. According to the analysis of this passage, Newspeak is banned for two reasons.
First, the content is weird and the thought is heretical. In the preface, the author said: "I have made up strange things in ancient and modern times, thinking that there are forty volumes of cutting lights." Every time a good person hears about the recent events, it is less than a hundred years away, and only a few years away. "It can be seen that the author's material selection is related to reality. He said that his creative intention was "to persuade the good and punish the evil, to grieve for the poor", so he was "overwhelmed by habits and couldn't stop, but he helped me write it down. "As the preface said, Newspeak is mostly some absurd stories involving smoke powder and ghosts.