Background:
1840 the opium war broke out. Due to the defeat of the war, Wei Yuan was indignant and patriotic. 184 1 in March, he angrily abandoned his pen to join the army, joined the governor of the two rivers and the resistance general Yu Qian, and went to the front line of Dinghai to make suggestions. 1842, he wrote a 50-volume marine atlas. Why did the author compile this book? Wei Yuan made it very clear in the preface to the book Atlas of Sea Countries: "What is a book made of? It means "attack foreigners with foreigners, pay foreigners with foreigners, learn from foreigners with foreigners, and control foreigners with foreigners." In other words, the purpose of writing a book is to understand "foreign feelings" and help people learn their "long skills" of resisting foreign aggression and inspiring national prestige. This has given a slap in the face to the die-hards who are arrogant and regard the advanced science and technology in the West as "fantastic in their skills and taking advantage of it" and blindly exclusive. Wei Yuan pointed out in "Atlas of the Sea": "What is useful is strange skills rather than obscenity. "To deal with foreign invaders, we should not' abandon their strengths and be willing to suffer', but' plug their weaknesses and take their strengths'. Only those who are good at learning from the Four Foreigners can control the Four Foreigners. 1
In 847- 1848, Wei Yuan increased the Atlas of Sea Countries to 60 volumes and published it in Yangzhou. To 1852, expanded to one hundred volumes. This book has reached 500 volumes. This is the earliest masterpiece in China's modern history, written by China people themselves, introducing the situation of countries around the world. In addition to Sizhou Annals, the 100-volume edition of Guo Hai Tu Zhi has quoted 14 kinds of historical records, more than 70 works of various schools at home and abroad, in addition to more than 10 kinds of recitations and some personal data. It should be noted that its historical source is also the writings of foreigners. Among them, there are about 20 kinds of works, such as A Brief History of Foreign Countries by British Ma Lixun and Geographical Preparation by Portuguese Maggis.
Content:
Based on the Annals of Sizhou compiled by Lin Zexu with less than 90,000 words, it expanded other documents, books and periodicals collected at that time and many papers written by Wei Ziyuan. It was first carved in the 22nd year of Daoguang (1842), with a total of 50 volumes. In the twenty-seventh year of Daoguang (1847), the supplement was carved into sixty volumes. Subsequently, in the 28th year of Daoguang (1848), Xu Jishe compiled a brief account of Ying Huan and other materials. , one hundred volumes, published in the second year of Xianfeng (1852). The book describes in detail the world, historical and political systems, customs and habits of various countries, advocates learning from western science and technology, and puts forward that "learning from foreigners to control foreigners". No matter from the far-reaching political influence or great academic achievements, it is an epoch-making masterpiece.
Directory:
Maritime defense, maritime defense, maritime defense, maritime defense, maritime defense, maritime defense, maritime defense, maritime defense, maritime defense, maritime defense, maritime defense, maritime defense, maritime defense, wartime defense.