1983 65438+In February, three Han tombs were unearthed in Zhangjiashan, Jiangling, Hubei. There are no bones in these tombs, only some bamboo slips from the Han Dynasty. However, these bamboo slips are of great significance and value. After three years' research, experts believe that these Han bamboo slips record a wonderful book that China has lost for a long time, and this wonderful book is also the secret of Qin's unification of the world. What's going on here?
We go back to198365438+February, and Jingzhou Museum cleaned three ancient tombs of the early Western Han Dynasty in Zhangjiashan, Jiangling, Hubei Province. The archaeological work was basically cleaned up until 1984 1. The staff of the local museum excavated a large number of bamboo slips from these three Han tombs, which are collectively called' Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips', generally including two-year laws, counting books, and citation books. After Jingzhou Museum obtained these bamboo slips, it organized cultural relics experts and local literature and history experts to carry out comprehensive restoration work. Three years later, the bamboo slips unearthed in Zhangjiashan were basically printed and deciphered.
From these bamboo slips, later generations basically understand that Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, established the unified system in order to learn from a hundred schools of thought and abandon the bad habit of tyranny in the Qin Dynasty. And Chu and Han have been fighting for hegemony for many years, and the world has long been exhausted. Therefore, in the early Western Han Dynasty, the Central Plains regime rested and did not take the initiative to expand abroad. These bamboo slips unearthed in Zhangjiashan contain 27 kinds of laws of the Han Dynasty, covering a very wide range, clearly stipulating the responsibilities of all sectors of society, what kind of criminal law criminals should adopt, and the support for the elderly and the inheritance rights of their children.
At the same time, there are many lost ancient books in these bamboo slips. Shu Shu, Mai Shu and Yin Shu are all very important Chinese herbal medicines. Due to the comprehensive records of Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips, involving military, political, legal and other related fields, many experts are still tirelessly studying the hidden knowledge behind these Han bamboo slips until today. However, these bamboo slips are related to a wonderful book by China. The name of this wonderful book is The Book of Shang Jun. As the name implies, The Book of Shang Jun is a life record of Shang Yang, a famous politician, strategist and reformer in the middle of the Warring States Period, and it can also be said that it is an important framework for Shang Yang to carry out reforms in Qin State. So is there any necessary connection between Zhang Jiashan's Han bamboo slips and The Book of Shang Jun?
Around 375 BC, Shang Yang came to Qin from Wei to go to filial piety, and then Shang Yang implemented the New Deal reform in Qin. Although Shang Yang's move helped Qin take off, it also harmed the interests of many old-school nobles. After Qin Xiaogong's death, Qin Huiwen succeeded to the throne. At this time, because Shang Yang offended too many people, Wang Hui, the king of Qin, had no choice but to arrest Shang Yang and then split the car and die. Shang Yang's reform in Qin has not stopped. Strangely, Shang Yang's book of Shang Jun is missing. Later, experts thought that Shang Yang had made too many enemies, Qin Huiwen and Wang were kings, and they were afraid that some Qin nobles would unite against the royal rule, so everything of Shang Yang was destroyed, leaving only some clues.
The Western Han Dynasty is not far from the Qin Dynasty. Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, inherited the Qin system, and the essence of Shang Jun Book is likely to be absorbed by Liu Bang and used by the Han regime. These Han bamboo slips unearthed in Zhangjiashan are obviously the Shang Jun Book written by Shang Yang. However, due to various historical reasons, the original Shang Jun Book has long been impossible to verify. The framework and some basic laws left by Shang Yang in the reform of Qin State were inherited by the Western Han Dynasty. To some extent, Zhang Jiashan's Han bamboo slips are another evolution of Shang Yang's reform "Shang Jun Shu".
Let me tell you a little detail. The last time Zhang Jiashan's Han bamboo slips were written should be during Lv Zhi's administration. We can see these ancient books now, thanks to Lv Hou.