She uses green to protect life.
-Tu Youyou, inventor of artemisinin antimalarial drugs and winner of Lasker Prize.
Huang Wenjun
Recently, China has written a new chapter in the field of biomedicine. The list of Lasker Prize winners with the reputation of "Nobel Prize Vane" was born in new york, USA, and an 8 1 year-old China female pharmacist was impressively listed, which filled the gap that China people had not won this prize for ten years, and also created the first winner who independently completed the research in China. With the "antimalarial drugs" that saved thousands of lives, she worked silently in poverty, and she wrote another legend in the history of science and technology in China with indomitable spirit.
The legendary creator named Tu Youyou is a researcher of Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and director of artemisinin research and development center.
An inch of grass, several degrees of cold, spring in summer.
"Yo yo, Luming Literature, Wild Apple", a famous sentence in The Book of Songs, Xiaoya, pinned the good expectations of Tu Youyou's parents. As a student majoring in pharmacognosy, when Tu Youyou was admitted to Peking University Medical College, he had an indissoluble bond with the development and application of natural medicines such as plants. From 65438 to 0955, when she entered the Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (now the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine), she immersed herself in her beloved career for decades and gave back a beautiful report card to the party and the people.
Tu Youyou was in the initial stage when he joined the Academy of Chinese Medicine. The conditions are difficult, the equipment is scarce, and the laboratory doesn't even have basic ventilation facilities. Tu Youyou, who often deals with various chemical solutions, soon developed toxic hepatitis. In addition to "shaking the bottle" in the laboratory, she often goes to the field to collect samples, which solves the confusion of the varieties of Chinese medicines Lobelia chinensis and Bupleurum chinense and contributes to the prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis. Combined with the ancient books of past dynasties and the experience of various provinces, the main compilation work of "Integration of Chinese Medicine Processing Experience" was completed. The most remarkable achievement in Tu Youyou is the discovery of artemisinin, which is a sesquiterpene lactone with peroxy groups extracted from Artemisia annua, a traditional Chinese medicine, and is the first-line drug for malaria prevention and treatment. "It saves thousands of lives all over the world every year, especially in developing countries, and has produced long-term medical benefits in the continuous struggle against this deadly disease." The lasker foundation said.
Why can Tu Youyou make a big difference in his ordinary post? Perhaps we can find the answer from a sentence she said: "A scientific and technological worker should not be satisfied with the status quo, but should constantly make new contributions to the party and the people."
Inheritor, ancient medical books found gold.
197 1 year1year1October 4th, a pair of eyes stared nervously at the final result of the antimalarial experiment of Artemisia annua extract sample numbered 19 1. With the announcement of the test results, the whole laboratory is boiling: the inhibition rate of the sample to plasmodium has reached 100%!
Tracing back to1May 23, 967, China started the project of "Research Cooperation on Malaria Control Drugs" with the code name "523". Behind the project is the cruel reality: with the resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to the older generation of antimalarial drugs represented by chloroquine, how to invent new drugs has become a worldwide thorny issue.
At the critical moment, Tu Youyou was appointed as the research director of the Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the "523" project. Under the condition of poor facilities and poor information channels, it is as difficult to screen thousands of Chinese herbal medicines in a short time as finding a needle in a haystack. However, these seemingly insurmountable obstacles aroused her fighting spirit: by reading herbal medical books of past dynasties, visiting old Chinese medicine practitioners everywhere, and even letting go of letters from the masses, Tu Youyou finally compiled the Anti-Malaria Monographs, which included more than 2,000 kinds of Artemisia annua and other 640 kinds of medicinal materials in Fang Yaozhong. However, in the initial animal experiments, the effect of Artemisia annua was not brilliant, and the search for Tu Youyou was once deadlocked.
What's wrong with it? Tu Youyou once again turned his attention to the ancient wisdom of China. She rummaged through classic medical books again. Suddenly, several words in Ge Hong's Elbow Emergency Prescription firmly attracted her attention: "Hold Artemisia annua, dye it with two liters of water, wring the juice and take it." When she woke up the dreamer, Tu Youyou immediately realized that the problem might lie in the commonly used "decoction" method, because high temperature would destroy the effective components in Artemisia annua, so she immediately found another way and experimented with low-boiling solvents.
Dream catchers, the road they are looking for is endless.
Success, after 190 failures. 197 1 year, Tu Youyou's research group found Artemisia annua extract with 19 1 fold antimalarial effect in the low boiling point experiment. 1972, this achievement has attracted attention, and researchers have extracted effective antimalarial component artemisinin from this extract. These achievements did not stop Tu Youyou. 1992, she invented the antimalarial drug 10 times the efficacy of the "upgraded version" drug dihydroartemisinin, aiming at the shortcomings of high cost of artemisinin and difficulty in eradicating malaria.
Artemisia annua, a common plant in north and south, thrives in Shan Ye. It has a simple appearance, but it contains the magic of saving lives. He is a scientific dream catcher who loves the left and dedicates the right like Artemisia annua. He sows flowers at any time and adorns his life with flowers for a long time. Full of green makes people from different regions and races suck the fragrance of modern technology together.
(Selected from People's Daily Overseas Edition, with deletion)
1. The following are two incorrect generalizations and analyses about this article.
A. Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone with peroxy groups extracted from Artemisia annua, a traditional Chinese medicine, and is a specific drug for treating malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum.
B The headline of this news is poetic and pun. On the one hand, it clearly shows Tu Youyou's scientific research field, on the other hand, it also writes her scientific research spirit.
C. The three subheadings in this paper are symmetrically arranged, which respectively summarize the contents of the three parts, making the full text clear and the progressive relationship of the three parts clear.
D rhetorical devices, such as rhetorical questions and quotations, are used in drawing lines, and the reasons why Tu Youyou has made great contributions in ordinary posts are written, which shows Tu Youyou's professionalism.
E. the language of this article is subtle and beautiful. For example, in the last paragraph, writing about Artemisia annua is unpretentious and contains the magic of treating diseases and saving lives, which is related to the spiritual quality of scientific dream catchers and makes people memorable.
2. Please summarize Tu Youyou's scientific literacy according to the main content of the article.
A:
3.2011September, Tu Youyou, an 8 1 year-old female pharmacist in China, won the American Lasker Award, filling the gap that China people have not won this award for many years. She is the first winner in China to finish her research independently. What did you learn from Tu Youyou after reading this newsletter?
A: