Wang Shaohua
Abstract: It is wrong to interpret "lane" in dictionaries as "street lane", but it should be interpreted as "residence". The idiom "empty lane" retains the ancient meaning of "living" and is misunderstood as the present meaning, but not revealed by the dictionary. This kind of fuzziness is different, which is the root cause of the confusion in the use of "empty roadway" Since "empty alley" refers to empty houses, and modern media often regard "alley" as a street, we might as well recognize and encourage the use of the usage of describing the emptiness of streets and alleys. As for the usage of describing their nest, every family is empty, not called "empty alley", but changed to "empty house"
Mr. Liu Jiexiu (1985) pointed out: "Because Chinese idioms are very historic, they will inevitably leave ancient meanings in some idioms. If we can't understand them correctly, it may hinder the understanding of the whole idiom and even lead to misunderstanding. On the other hand, the whole idiom may have both ancient and modern meanings, and the difference between them must be clearly distinguished. Otherwise, it is possible to impose the present meaning on the ancient example. " The idiom "an empty alley among thousands of people" happens to belong to a situation that has both misinterpretation and ancient and modern meanings.
As for "an empty alley", The Chinese Dictionary and Modern Chinese Dictionary are interpreted as "every household has come out of the alley", The Modern Chinese Idiom Dictionary is interpreted as "many people have come out, leaving the alley empty" and The Chinese Idiom Textual Research Dictionary is interpreted as "every household has gone to a place, leaving the street empty" and "Cihai". Actually, this is a misunderstanding.
First of all, from a reasonable point of view, "lane" should not be "street lane". "Empty streets" are used to describe the grand occasion of celebration and welcome or the sight of novelty sensational residents. When they build a nest, considering the expression effect, it is not straightforward to say that every household is empty and indirectly that the streets are empty. There are too many words about "thousands of people". After all, there are not as many people in the street as in every household. For example—
1. The internationalist spirit of the Polish people left a deep impression on us. We can still clearly recall the moving scenes we have seen many times in various parts of Poland. Despite the heavy snow, people came out to welcome us. They gathered from all directions to offer us flowers and shake hands with us. (Report on Zhou Enlai's visit to eleven countries in Asia and Europe, People's Daily 2nd edition 1957)
This is a normative use case of "the streets are empty", but it is contradictory and contrary to the explanation of the authoritative dictionary mentioned above: due to the "heavy snow" at this time, there are not many people in the streets and alleys, and they are almost empty. It is obviously inappropriate to use "empty streets" and "all streets and lanes are empty" to describe the moving scene of the Polish people facing the snow, which shows that this "lane" is not a "street". The earliest example of the idiom "ten thousand people are empty lanes" is generally quoted from the fourth of Su Shi's "Five Poems Returning to Wanghailou on August 17th" in the Northern Song Dynasty: "Seeing the tide according to the light, ten thousand people are empty lanes competing for new makeup." Mei Yaochen, a contemporary of Su Shi, wrote a poem "The Banquet of the Southern Garden with the Cold Food Companion of Huzhou": "It's time to prepare for the cause of the people." Later, Lu You wrote "Yuechi County Farmhouse" in the Southern Song Dynasty: "A pair of plain hands are nameless, and the empty village is called reeling." Among them, "Allure" and "Empty Village" also describe the grand occasion of their nesting. In contrast, how can "streets" be like "houses of thousands of people"? Furthermore, to describe "many people gathered together", we can say "full of streets and lanes", "full of streets and lanes", "blocked streets and lanes" or "empty lanes"-
2. As soon as the nobles come out, all the people will watch and crowd the streets and alleys, vying to get ahead. (Wang Chong in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Lun Heng Jie pian)
3. Chen Dong, his former student and more than 1000 scholars, wrote a letter that day, saying that Yu Ming and his teacher were innocent and unfair. Hearing this, the soldiers and civilians, tens of millions of people came unexpectedly, filled the lanes and streets, and their voices shook the ground. (Song Ligang's New Records of Jing Kang Chuan, Volume II)
4, drive into the city, kill in broad daylight, and the viewer blocks the lane. (Ming Su You, Story in the Cloud)
People in the street listened, ran in together to watch, spread it out, and let people watch all over the street. (Ming Meng Ling, Volume 14)
6. At this time, the roadside is almost empty. Although the main road is wide, it is almost crowded with people. (seventy-eighth back to Wu, "The Strange Bureau of Twenty Years in the Late Qing Dynasty")
7. Tian Xingshu was beautiful and elegant. At that time, there was a jade man's eyes ... At the age of eighteen, he held a military emblem and was surrounded by people everywhere. (Li Boyuan's Notes on Nanting in the Late Qing Dynasty)
Wouldn't it be strange if this lane was empty, full and full? The seventh situation of "ten thousand people are empty lanes" and the second situation of "ten thousand people look at it together and the streets are full of lanes" are interchangeable, and each does not violate the original intention. There is no necessary difference between "empty lanes" and "streets full of people", which shows that this "lane" must not be another "lane" and cannot be confused.
Secondly, from the etymological point of view, "lane" should be interpreted as residence. The etymology of "Wan Kong Xiang" can be traced back to The Book of Songs. Uncle Zheng Fengyu Tian: "Uncle Yutian, there is no one in the lane." Zheng Xuan wrote: "When Uncle went to the field, people in China paid attention to Uncle, as if no one was there." Uncle Kong Ying Da: "Uncle Yan went hunting in other places. There seems to be no living person in the alley." Say "no one lives in the alley", then you know that someone lives in the alley. Although Confucius interpreted "Xiang" as "Tao from the inside out", it is instructive that "Xiang" corresponds to "Xiang" here. Heather Yang Xinchuan: "Ping Curie Lane for more than ten years." "The Biography of Yan Dou in the Later Han Dynasty": "I am free from illness and teach my hometown." Song Yan Yanzhi Biography: "Shao Yan is lonely and poor, living in a negative country, and his family is very poor." "Biography of Zheng Shaoshu in Liang Shu": "Gaozu will come to his funeral, and Shaoshu's alley is narrow and ugly, so driving is not allowed." Lane, home lane, house lane and house lane are all synonyms. "The Book of Rites Zheng Xuan Note": "The lane is still curved." Zhuangzi Lieyukou: "I am in a poor lane." Luhe item is synonymous with words. "Han Shi Zhuan" Volume 5: "Although he is a great scholar and lives in a poor alley, there is no place to put a cone, and his ministers cannot compete with him for fame." Rooms and alleys are synonyms for words. "Book of Rites Quli Shang": "Neighbors are mourning, but they are not in phase; There is a funeral in the park, not a song. " Lane and lane are synonyms. Guangya Shi II: "Lu, Ju Ye." Shuo Wen Jie Zi: "Li, Juye." Then "Lane" came alive. Wang (1827) revealed the meaning of "Xiang", which is easily confused and neglected.
In ancient times, it was said that the middle road was a lane, that is, the house you lived in was a lane. So Guangya said, "How elegant." You can live in the present. The ancient Chinese characters of Xiang and Xiang are linked together. "The Biography of Yan Dou in the Later Han Dynasty": "I am free from illness and teach my hometown." Hometown refers to the house where you live. Lu Junbei, a captain of the Han Dynasty, said, "Don't be a god." "The Analects of Confucius Yongye": "In the mean lane." The mean alley is a narrow place to live. Shuowen says, "It's a pity for Shaanxi to be mean." Today is a narrow passage. That is to say, "an acre of land is surrounded by a blocked room" in the Confucian book, so it is said that "one can eat and drink in a mean alley", and Mencius and Li Lou also said that "Yan Zi lives in a mean alley" and Cao Zhi's remonstrated with scholars from all over the world: "Penghu Maoju is also the room of Yuan Xian; The alley is full of scoops, and Yanzi lives in it. " Ying Kun said in "Bamboo Langpei Shangshu": "There is no high-density house in the mean lane; A room standing against the wall has no money for ten days. " Then the alley is a narrow place to live. Zhuangzi Lieyukou: "I am in a poor lane." Lu also lives in the house. Guangya said, "Lu, live in the house." "Let the King" said: "Yan He keeps a humble attitude." So, it is poor or poor lane. "Qin Ce" said: "One person is poor, and one person is mulberry." Chu Ce said, "The hole is poor." "Han Shi Zhuan" says: "White House in Poor Lane." "Historical Records Prime Minister Chen Shijia" said: "Home is a poor lane, and the banquet is the door." Then it is clear that the alley is the house where you live. It's true that people who talk about The Analects of Confucius today take the mean alleys as streets.
Wang is quite right. The Analects of Confucius said "living in a mean alley" and Mencius wrote "living in a mean alley", which shows that "alley" is the place where Yan Zi lives. Zhao Yan's Biography of the Woods in the Ming Dynasty: "Li Wenjing lived in a mean alley, where the hall had no heavy doors and the walls were broken, and the medicine fence in front of the hall was broken. Housekeepers should not try to test the public, and the public will not say anything at the end of the month. " When we say "residence", "humble alley" is synonymous with The Analects of Confucius and Mencius. The "lane" of "no one lives in the lane" in Zhengfengshu Yutian also refers to the house where he lives. "Uncle in the field, the alley is uninhabited. ..... Uncle Yiye, there is no horse in the lane. " Uncle Duan went hunting in the countryside, and there was no horse at home-everyone followed him. In a similar scene, Su Zhe's Two Rhymes, Watching People Hunt in the West of the City describes "there are no people in the empty lanes in the city, and the communities in the city take turns to know each other", while Su Shi's Hunting in Jiangchengzi Mizhou describes "the whole city follows the satrap" and "riding a thousand cars to level the mountain". "No one in the empty lane" means "no one in the lane", and "the whole city" is no different from "empty lane". It is worth noting that "no one lives in the lane" in the Book of Songs has become an allusion, which is common in poems of Wei, Jin, Tang and Song Dynasties. In addition to describing the grand occasion of hunting, it gradually turned to describing the grand occasion of welcoming or the novelty to residents-
8. Zuo Si's "Shu Du Fu" in the Western Jin Dynasty: "If the husband is a grandson, the husband is a husband, and no one lives in the lane."
9. "Full Text Qi" Volume 6 "Order of Counting the East and Ignoring Hou": "If you leave at night in the morning, you will get nothing back, and the mud will drive you out. There is no one in the lane, and the old and the young are running around, and there is nowhere to be found."
10 Biography of the King of the Old Tang Dynasty: "My father Hongzhi, a friend of Hanwang Yuanchang, and Wang Yi were over-hunting, so he wrote a letter to remonstrate,' ... how can you ride in unison, crossing mountains and acres, with tourists in the wild and no one in the lane?" Let people worry, make people happy, make people practical, and make people chilling. " "
1 1, The Biography of Li Wa by Tang Xingjian: "People from all directions do their best, and there is no one in the lane."
12, Li Zhiyi in the Northern Song Dynasty, "Epitaph of four hundred households folding Qi Huangong in Zhuzhou": "Smell Qi Huangong, help him go out to meet him, not far away, until there is no one in the lane; In the evening, I watched the office burn incense and worship God. "
13, Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty, "On October 1st, the pontoon bridge became a story to entertain guests": "There are 100,000 bamboos in Xishan, and the river can cross the axis. No wonder no one lives in the alley. I came to see the mountain village. "
In case 13, the first sentence "no one lives in the lane" and the second sentence "empty mountain village" are synonyms. "No one lives in the alley" of course means "empty alley", in other words "empty alley"-
14, Su Shi's "Dongchuan Qingsi Sending Opera to Luzhou" in the Northern Song Dynasty: "From a distance, thousands of people rode out of Qingxiao, and the snow did not release dust. White beards and red willows, old, weak and empty lanes on the same page. "
15, Su Zhe in the Northern Song Dynasty, "Remembering the local customs in the first year, sending two poems to the silkworm market": "There is no dispute in the empty lane, and the six relatives meet and compete for invitations."
16, the postscript of Sun Yong's "Meilutu" in the Southern Song Dynasty: "On the day of going to the county, the state people chased it in an empty lane and cried for dozens of miles."
Or as an "empty lane", such as-
17, one of Five Poems of Half Moon Lake Village written by Lu You in Southern Song Dynasty: "If you live in an empty lane, you may be a fairy in the lake."
18, Liu Kezhuang's "Instant Poetry" in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Live in an empty lane and go to Saihai Temple."
Or used as "residential empty alley", such as-
19, Shen Kuo's "Meng Qian Bi Tan Guan Zheng" in the Northern Song Dynasty: "Wu people like to compete, so good is Buddhism. Wen Xi is a people's competition, and the satrap holds a banquet on the lake at sunrise. Since the spring in Zhixia, residents have traveled in empty alleys. "
Su Shi's Five Poems of Returning to Wanghailou on August 17th (IV): "Xie Ming is facing the tide, and thousands of people compete for new makeup." The two words "an empty lane for ten thousand people" and "an empty lane for ten thousand people" are similar literally, and the times of examples are not far apart, so it is reasonable to think that they are the same origin of "no one lives in the lane" in the Book of Songs. In a word, the meaning and usage of the word "lane" come down in one continuous line from "no one lives in the lane" to "empty lane", "crowded lane" or "ten thousand people empty lane", and has nothing to do with "street lane".
Lane, Xiao Zhuan understands from the city, and Shuo Wen Jie Zi explains: "The middle road is also ... what the city says is also * * *." Duan Yucai's Note: "The Tao in the Tao refers to the item, which is referred to by the elders. ..... The Tao is in the city and people are in * * *. " Because "Lizhong Road" is "in the city, where people live", it can be extended to "Lixiang", that is, "the house where Wang lived"; Because it is "the middle road", it can be extended to "the old man is trapped", that is, "narrow street". The difference between these two extended meanings leads to the difference between the above 2-5 cases and 6-7 cases. "Lane" only refers to "narrow street" in modern Chinese, but it actually retains the ancient meaning of "house" because of the idiom "empty lane". However, this ancient meaning was not revealed by authoritative dictionaries, but was misunderstood as the present meaning. This difference in fuzziness is precisely the root cause of the confusion in the use of "empty lanes".
Knowing that "an empty alley" is used to describe the scene of celebrating the grand occasion of welcoming guests or sensational residents with novelty, but not knowing that "an alley" is a folk house often does not hinder the proper use of idioms, such as-
The news of Beijing's successful bid for the 2008 Olympic Games reached the revolutionary holy land of Yan 'an. Baota shan is boiling, Yan 'an is boiling! 13 In the evening, Yan 'an was deserted and the whole city celebrated. People flocked to the streets from all directions to celebrate this historic moment. (Celebrating China's Successful Olympic Bid, People's Daily, July 6, 2006 1, 15)
2 1. On the day when Liang Shengli, the leader of the black forces, was escorted back to Xuchang, the city was deserted and hundreds of thousands of people gathered at the exit of the expressway where the motorcade passed. Someone bought firecrackers to light to celebrate the victory, and the old yangko team twisted into the street to express the joy of sweeping away evil and clearing the clouds. (Fight evil with heavy punches, The Good Earth, No.9, 200 1)
22. Setting off fireworks on the water used to be a traditional program of the annual Stockholm International Water Festival, which was organized by fireworks teams from different countries. The pattern is different every year. It can be said that this city is deserted at this time of year, and hundreds of people walk or ride bicycles to the city center to feast their eyes. (The mayor of Sweden drinks when he fills the lake, People's Daily, March 22nd, 20065438+0, 7th edition).
However, on many occasions, "lanes" are regarded as streets, such as-
23. A TV series with sensational social effects, such as Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Heroes Without Regret, and a TV variety show, such as Spring Festival Evening and Liangzan, have hundreds of millions of viewers. (The role of TV literature and art in the construction of spiritual civilization, People's Daily1April 3, 997 1 1 Edition)
24. After this 22-episode TV series was broadcast on Shanghai Oriental TV Station, the audience responded enthusiastically, with the highest audience rating reaching 46.72%, which set a historical peak for TV series ratings in Shanghai. Every night, the streets of Shanghai are crowded with people, men, women and children around the TV to accompany the protagonist in tears. Major media have opened columns and organized discussions. For a time, the ups and downs of fictional families in this TV series became a social event that Shanghainese talked about. (A Hand-to-Hand Fight between Parents and Businessmen, People's Daily, 4th edition, April 6th 1997)
25. The broadcast of "Da Zhai Men" can really be called an empty alley. Not only in old Beijing, but also in Shanghai, it has broken a set of CCTV viewing records in recent years. (The sequel to "Big House Gate" will definitely be filmed, Jiangnan Times, 8th edition, May 26, 2006, 5438+0)
26. I can't say whether this play will be crowded when it is broadcast in the future, but it will definitely be recognized. (Zhang Guoli has three jobs in one hundred days, Jiangnan Times, 8th edition, May 20th, 2006, 5438+0).
They all use the same idiom. Class A usage (Example 20-22) means that every family is empty, and Class B usage (Example 23-26) means that every family is full, so we should standardize the usage of this idiom. In 1995 and 1997, I published Alley and Talking about Empty Alley to correct the mistakes in dictionaries and try to fundamentally correct the name "Empty Alley". The new dictionary compiled by the Dictionary Research Center of the Commercial Press has also been revised by recognizing mistakes or absorbing research results. For example, the 2000 edition of the Dictionary of Applied Chinese explains: "Thousands of people flock to a certain place (to attend grand ceremonies or watch lively children), making the alleys empty and cold." The revised edition of Xinhua Dictionary 200 1 is interpreted as: "People leave their homes. Describe the grand occasion of celebration and welcome. " However, one or two dictionaries and one or two articles are far from encouraging people to form * * * knowledge, and such efforts seem futile. Ci Hai explained that "the street is empty because many people gather together". According to this explanation, it is appropriate for B-level usage such as Indoor TV Series to aspire to "make the streets empty"; However, the Dictionary of Modern Chinese Idioms suggests that "there is no one on the street". However, confusion still exists. Of course, the confusion of standards is caused by the wrong interpretation of authoritative dictionaries in the past. At the same time, the correct interpretation of the new dictionary has also formed the inconsistency of objective standards, which makes the readers at a loss; What is more important is the cultural quality and knowledge structure of modern people. In this regard, Mr. Yang Zengxian (200 1) wrote "An Empty Lane" and "A Mass Pit" to reveal-
Looking through old newspapers, I found a quite fresh news from the ass of an evening paper. It is said that this year's (1997- citation) college entrance examination Chinese question has such a true or false question: "When this wonderful TV series was broadcast, almost no one was there. People were watching the screen at home, and the street seemed very quiet." A considerable number of candidates made a positive judgment almost without thinking, and all lost 3 points. Precious 3 points, for some candidates, this is no less than the 3 points that China lost to Qatar in the World Cup qualifiers! Can not help but sigh: this "empty lane" really "pits" 10 thousand people! But who can blame this?
Of course the examiner can't be wrong. "Empty Lane" is a poem written by Su Shi, a great poet in the Song Dynasty, in "Returning to Wanghailou on August 17th": "Seeing the bright and seeing the tide, thousands of people compete for new makeup." It is said that in order to see the Qiantang spring tide, all the alleys in Hangzhou were empty, which means "the whole city came out". Modern Chinese Dictionary also clearly explains that "every household comes out of the alley, which is often used to describe grand occasions such as celebration and welcome". If you take the adjective "everyone stays at home" as a deduction. But can you blame the students?
Just after the college entrance examination, the author once again saw almost the same sentence in the newspaper to describe people watching football on TV. No wonder some people speculate that the reason why the examiner made such a sentence is "misleading" by the mass media.
If there is no hint, I will follow this sentence correctly. After all, I am also a liberal arts researcher with a senior title, so I am not ashamed. ..... Who knows, just after I figured it out, I asked several famous liberal arts professors and researchers with this question, but I was "surprised"-they intuitively judged that it was wrong, and then carefully scrutinized: Is it inaccurate? There must be policemen and buses in the street, right? How can a modern city be empty? After I told you the answer, everyone went to the dictionary, and this time it was the professors' turn to be ashamed. This made me "straighten up" my glasses, adjust my thinking, question the right and wrong of "empty street" and associate it with it.
Language is a living carrier of human culture. With the development of society, language will naturally change. Sticking to the original meaning of "a thousand empty lanes" indicates that the city will die out in the dictionary, whether it is a virtual reference or a real reference. What's more, even if we need it, we still have an idiom "Come out of town"! Therefore, when reporters use it to describe "ten thousand people enter the house" in an exaggerated way today, it should be said that it is a creative use of old idioms, which is worthy of recognition; Although, at present, it is not standardized. But norms are also for language communication. In language communication, as long as it can be quoted and understood by everyone, it is correct. Since the meaning of this sentence can be understood by professors, media and students, why must it be wrong? There are many precedents in the history of Chinese, such as "going from bad to worse" used in the last article.
I searched People's Network 1 997 65438+1 October1to 20065438+0 65438+1October, and found that there were 2 cases of B usage in 34 cases of "empty lanes"; Searching the newspaper series of People's Daily from 2006 54 38+ 10 654 38+0 to 2006 54 38+0 654 38+0, we found that there were 9 cases of B usage in 34 cases of "empty lanes". With the help of "Yahoo", the use of "empty lanes" is getting worse and worse-
27. When the TV series "A Beautiful Life" aired, Japan was deserted, and everyone rushed home to watch the drama, even the daily social activities were temporarily suspended. People are not only moved by the tragic love in the play, but also impressed by the acting skills of emperor artists Kimura Takuya and Takako Tokiwa.
28. In the prime time at night, almost 10,000 people are empty, regardless of gender, age and status. It is difficult to count the number of people sitting at home watching Princess Zhu Huan and discussing Princess Zhu Huan.
29. Every fan who has watched the World Cup in France will never forget the scene where Estili scored the first goal in the Iraq-US war. At that time, Iran was deserted and everyone was in front of the TV. In Iranian words, "We are fighting a special war".
At the same time, in the border town of Harbin, the family area of Harbin Aircraft Industry Group, which belongs to China Aviation Industry Corporation II, is also empty, and everyone is watching TV. When I saw 25 helicopters flying past Tiananmen Square, everyone in Hafei was filled with emotion.
3 1. Football is one of the most watched TV programs. When there are important football programs, many cities are almost empty, and everyone is watching the TV broadcast with relish in front of the TV.
32. In the face of this worldwide competition, why not take a look? As a result, during the Olympic Games, there was no one on the street, and men, women and children stood in front of the TV, regardless of day.
33. I remember when I was a student, when the touching theme song sounded, it was empty. Almost everyone gathered around the TV set, fascinated by the ups and downs of the plot.
34. During the National People's Congress, national television broadcast live from morning till night; All over the country, people are empty, and everyone is staring at the TV screen and listening to the debate of the conference.
35. People like family reunion, and there must be "circle" and "happiness" in the dishes to express reunion and joy. That night, everyone went to the empty building and stayed at home. Burn charcoal fire in the brazier when you are old, which symbolizes the richness of life. At 0: 00, all ages are beaming.
Describe the great attraction of TV. Everyone goes home or watches TV in the house. On New Year's Eve, the whole family gets together and everyone stays at home. In both cases, the streets and alleys are empty, and it is probably the most appropriate to describe them as "empty lanes". As Mr. Yang Zengxian said, "Today, when journalists use it to describe' ten thousand people enter the house' in an exaggerated way, it should be said that it is a creative use of old idioms, which is worthy of recognition"; "Since the meaning of this sentence can be understood from professors to media to students, why must it be wrong?" Indeed, the usage of the idiom "empty streets" cannot but be standardized. However, in my opinion, this specification does not continue to exclude the usage of Class B. On the contrary, since "empty lanes" means empty lanes for ten thousand people, and modern readers often regard alleys as streets and lanes, we might as well "occupy the magpie's nest", recognize the reasonable position of this usage of Class B, and change all the "empty lanes" used in Class A usage to "empty lanes for ten thousand people"
There are good reasons for this. In the process of spreading idioms, some literal or meaning changes are often caused by intentional flexibility or unintentional misunderstanding. This change is called vulgarization of idioms, such as helplessness, reneging, gentleness and sadness. Popular idioms, some of which are easy to understand and understood by more people; Others expand its ideographic function and enrich its vocabulary. Therefore, we don't have to deny the reasonable position of class B usage "empty street". On the other hand, in the current language application, ancient (residential) and modern (street) meanings coexist, so it is necessary to distinguish them. Zhu's handling of the idiom "unsatisfactory" is worth learning. The word "unhappy" comes from the biography of Wu Han in the Eastern Han Dynasty in August: "Wu Gong is unhappy and hidden as a great enemy." "Poverty" means something, while "strength" means something. Song people still use this method, such as Liu Kezhuang's poem: "I have read all the friendship and sorrow in the world, but it is not satisfactory." However, when Zhu used it, he changed his mind: "I often feel dissatisfied, but I feel that I owe my son a detailed discussion. I hate that I can't be very generous in this hurry. " (About the answer to Lv Zi on 1 1 27th) "Poor" means slightly but roughly. Zhu also changed the ancient meaning of "dissatisfaction" into "extremely satisfied" and "extremely satisfied" to divide their work, such as "A letter with Li Cheng's father": "Gong Hu's comments on everything are open, which is very satisfactory." "Xun Men Ren Er": "The two are still lonely, and the rural examination is extremely unsatisfactory." The enlightenment of Zhu's practice is that we can and should change the "empty alleys" into "empty houses" and "empty alleys", so that the two can be divided into two parts.
To sum up, the usage standard of the idiom "empty street" should be-to recognize and encourage the use of class B usage to describe empty lanes and full houses; As for the class A usage to describe the empty house in their nest, it is no longer an "empty alley" but an "empty house". There are five reasons for this standardization: (1) Incorrect definitions in authoritative dictionaries have caused and continue to cause standard confusion; (2) Language and literature workers and media practitioners generally don't understand that the "lane" of "empty lane" is a house, and the subconscious mind of the general public that "lane is a street" is deeply rooted; (3) Class B utilization of mass media (including party newspapers and authoritative newspapers) is not only unstoppable, but also intensified; (4) To describe the great attraction of TV, the word "empty alley" is very appropriate for the family reunion and empty streets on New Year's Eve. And "ten thousand people empty lanes" not only expresses the original meaning of "ten thousand people empty lanes" but also eliminates the ambiguity; (5) The vulgarization of idioms is reasonable, which can be understood and used by more people, and can also expand ideographic functions and enrich vocabulary; And the previous participle can be used for reference.
References:
Wang 1827 "The Story of Great Righteousness" Volume 3 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu Ancient Books Publishing House 1985 Photocopying Daoguang Seven Years Edition.
Wang Shaohua 1995 "Explaining the" Lane "of" Empty Lane ",Research on Ancient Chinese, No.4.
Wang Shaohua 1997 "Talking about an Empty Lane" and "Talking about Characters" series 10.
Liu Jiexiu 1985 Idiom 104, pp. 88-89, Beijing, Commercial Press.
Yang Zengxian (200 1) "An Empty Lane" and "A Mass Pit", and Yang (200 1) edited "Chicken, Egg? -Perspective of China Education, China Civil Aviation Publishing House.
Guo meizong 1996 "on vulgarization of idioms", literature and history knowledge no.2.
Brief introduction of the author
Wang Shaohua, born in 196 1, is a professor at Hangzhou Normal University, a director of Chinese Language Society, a director of China Exegetics Research Association, and a doctoral student in exegetics at East China Normal University, mainly engaged in exegetics and ancient books collation.