In 1886, Guo Baicang, a water conservancy scientist in Qing Dynasty, wrote five volumes of "The Hundred Records of the Sea Cuo" based on his personal experience in the seaside for decades and the experience of consulting old fishermen.
Volume 1 and Volume 2 of this book describe fishing, fishing tools and methods, and two volumes * * * describe 174 kinds of fish.
Volume 3 records 121 kinds of mesoliths and crustaceans. Volume 4 records 3 species of insects and 24 species of marine plants, which supplements and enriches the contents of books before the Qing Dynasty. Most of the records are actual observation records and more folk materials are used.
Volume 5 records seabirds, sea animals and seaweed. It can be called a Quan Zhi of marine life. For example, to record a shark, the characteristics of "its skin is like sand, its back has a ring, its belly has wings, and it is viviparous" are listed first, and then it is distinguished according to its body size, head and tail characteristics, body texture and body color.
There are sea sharks, tiger sharks, mako sharks, sword sharks, tiger sharks, yellow sharks, seasonal sharks, hat sharks, blowfish sharks, Qinwang sharks, black-winged sharks, hammerhead sharks, round-headed sharks, ploughshare sharks, rat sharks, clam sharks, loach sharks, Longwen sharks, flat sharks and black sharks.
to sum up, China has a vast sea area, numerous rivers and lakes, and the output and breeding of aquatic animals are among the highest in the world, especially the fish culture has a long history. The biological principles and methods of some freshwater fish breeding and marine fish fishing are extraordinary in the history of world culture.