(1) The Legend of Dayu
Ancient folklore. Yu is the legendary ancestor of the Xia Dynasty. His main achievement is to control water. According to ancient rec
(1) The Legend of Dayu
Ancient folklore. Yu is the legendary ancestor of the Xia Dynasty. His main achievement is to control water. According to ancient records, according to legend, during the reign of Emperor Yao, there was a flood, and the emperor ordered him to treat it. Gun failed to control water and was killed in the feather suburb. His son inherited his father's business and finally calmed the flood in 13. The post-Shun Zen was located in Yu, from which the Xia Dynasty was established. In addition, there are some stories in the legend, such as he killed Xiang embroidery through * * *, and Ying Long helped him control the water. Yu legend originally contains many mythological factors. In the long-term circulation, myths and legends about him have been "historicized", and there are more plots of political activities. For example, he sent people to survey the earth, called people to hold meetings to discuss, rewarded and punished meritorious deeds, and sought talents to create a prominent genealogy for him. This makes Yu, a legendary figure, gradually break away from his true colors and become an imperial model in line with Confucian concepts. But among the people, Dayu is mainly a water control hero with miraculous colors. Legends about Yu's water control are often associated with local scenery. For example, it is said that he carried ninety-nine stones from Mount Tai to build a weir to store water. These stones later became nine Changbai Mountains in Shandong. There is also a legend in Shanxi that Dayu governs Jinyang Lake. This kind of legend embodies his great spirit of taking risks and benefiting the people, so as to educate future generations.
(2) The legend of Gong Yuyi Mountain
Ancient folklore. It is said that in ancient times, there was a Gong Yu in Beishan, who was nearly ninety years old, and made up his mind to level the Taihang Mountain and the Prince of Wu, because they blocked the access. Family and neighbors came to help. They chop mountains and haul earth all day long, and travel between Bohai Sea and Taihang Mountain all the year round. Does Hequ know that Gong Yu is "stupid"? Yugong said to Zhicuo, "Although I am dead, I still have a son. Children have grandchildren, and grandchildren have children; A son has a son and a son has a grandson; Children and grandchildren are infinite; If the mountains don't increase, why bother? " Their spirit of digging mountains every day touched God, and God sent sunflower and moth Er Shen to carry the mountains away. This legend contains the idea that "where there is a will, there is a way" and that human beings can conquer nature.
③ Legend of Luban
The folklore of ancient craftsmen. Lu Ban was a craftsman of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. He was highly skilled and a native of Lu, so people later called him "Lu Ban". It is recorded in ancient books, some notes and local chronicles. During the Warring States period, what was originally the loss of historical figures gradually became a folk legend. There are two kinds of legends about Lu Ban. One is to tell the story of his invention. The other is a story about him building famous bridges, temples, temples and other buildings all over the country. Artisans of all ages hope to improve their ability to conquer nature, improve their craft, and imagine Lu Ban as a technician with magical skills and infinite wisdom. In the old society, carpenters, masons and masons all worshipped Lu Ban, which was also reflected in their folk activities, in which he was regarded as the "ancestor" to build temples to worship him. The legend of Luban has played a great role in educating and uniting craftsmen.
(4) The legend of Meng Jiangnv
Ancient folklore. This legend has been circulated for more than 2,000 years, and after several evolutions, the plot is constantly enriched and the theme is increasingly distinct. The prototype of Meng Jiangnv is the wife of Qi Liang in the Spring and Autumn Period, and she is a courteous female image in Zuo's Biography. The Great Wall was built repeatedly in the Northern Qi Dynasty, and the corvee was heavy. Many people levied husbands and resented women. People associate the reality with the hard work of building the Great Wall in Qin Dynasty, which makes the legend become a new form of anti-construction corvee theme. Since then, Qi Liang has changed from a war general who died for Qi to a civilian who was killed, and Qi Liang's wife has also become a legend who cried over the Great Wall. Stories after the Ming and Qing Dynasties described Meng Jiangnv as a gourd. Because this gourd is associated with two Meng Jiangnv families living next door, they are called Meng Jiangnv. After Meng Jiangnu cried down the Great Wall, Qin Shihuang saw her beauty and wanted to be a princess. He accepted three conditions put forward by Meng Jiangnu, that is, wearing linen Dai Xiao and holding a mourning staff to mourn for Qi Liang. Finally, Meng Jiangnv threw herself into the sea. The story of Meng Jiangnv in modern times spread almost all over the country, with far-reaching influence, and many different languages appeared everywhere. Because of the different times, the theme and ideological tendency of the works are more complicated. 1928, The Tales of Meng Jiangnv edited by Gu Jiegang was published. This anthology is a special collection to study the legend of Meng Jiangnu. The questions and conclusions raised by the research on the historical evolution of this legend still have considerable scientific value. In terms of research methods, linking historical documents with folk oral legends and comparing history and geography had a great influence on China's later folklore and myth research.
⑤ The Legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl
Cowherd and Weaver Girl originated from the star name of Cowherd and Weaver Girl. During the Han and Wei Dynasties, there was this story among the people. In the story, the cowherd is the cowherd of mankind, and the weaver girl is the daughter of the Emperor of Heaven. The Weaver Girl married the Cowherd and gave birth to a boy and a girl. Finally, the Queen Mother took her back and drew a Tianhe between them. They can only meet each other at the magpie bridge in Chinese Valentine's Day every year. The legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl has been a household name for thousands of years. Its source can be found in The Book of Songs Xiaoya Dadong. There are also songs about it in Nineteen Ancient Poems Altair. This story also gave birth to many variants of folk oral stories. Some combine the stories of two brothers. Cowherd is said to be the younger brother who was abused by his brother and sister-in-law. Some also combine the story of feather clothes, and the Weaver Girl is said to be the goddess who came down to take a bath. Old Niu Jiao Cowherd hid the clothes of the Weaver Girl and got married. Finally, the Weaver Girl found the clothes and flew back to the sky. The cowherd put on the old cowhide and went to heaven to meet the Weaver Girl. The legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl is an artistic reflection of the economic life of small farmers in China feudal society. Based on the feudal family life, it reflects the family relationship under the feudal patriarchal clan system and its marriage tragedy through the fantasy that cowherd and weaver girl can only meet once in the sky. Later generations of scholars used this legendary theme to write operas such as Tianhe Pei, which further expanded their influence. It, together with the legend of Meng Jiangnu, the legend of White Snake and the legend of Liang Zhu, is called the Four Legends of China.
⑥ Legend of White Snake
This paper mainly describes the love and marriage tragedy between White Snake and young Xu Xian. The White Snake and the maid Xiaoqing Qingming were caught in the rain in Hangzhou West Lake, and Xu Xian borrowed an umbrella. They met and got married. Fahai monk of Jinshan Temple met Xu Xian and said that he had an evil expression on his face, and told him to let Bai Niangzi drink realgar wine during the Dragon Boat Festival. The appearance of the white snake scared Xu Xian to death. The White Snake and Xiaoqing stole Cao Xian to save Xu Xian, but Fahai separated the couple. The White Snake went to Sophomore. After the water flooded Jinshan, she met Xu Xian at the Broken Bridge and reunited. Fahai was destroyed again, and Bainiangzi Town was under Leifeng Tower. The legend of the white snake originated from the rumor that the python was found among the people. It was also influenced by the legendary white snake in the Tang Dynasty. It also absorbed some legends of the original monk Long Dou in Jinshan. The Three Pagodas of the West Lake further embodies the outline of the story of the White Snake, in which the color that the shemale can't live in * * * is added. There is a popular novel "Bai Niangzi Yong Zhen Leifeng Pagoda" in the book "Warning Records" compiled by Feng Menglong at the end of Ming Dynasty, and the trend is the same. The legend of Leifeng Pagoda in the early Qing Dynasty weakened the evil spirit of White Snake and highlighted her brave character of resolutely pursuing free love. The story has certain anti-feudal significance. The Legend of the Demon of Righteousness and The Legend of the White Snake also showed the same tendency, among which Fahai became the representative of evil forces. After the legend of the White Snake entered the drama, the plot became richer and the characters became fuller. The legend of White Snake has developed from the initial embryonic form to the basic stereotype, influenced by folk literature itself and popular literature such as rap, novel, baojuan and opera.
All landowners Liangzhu legend
China's famous folklore. The story shows the marriage tragedy of a young man and woman who failed to combine because of hatred under the feudal system. It was first seen in Liang Zaiyan's Ten Ways and Four Stories in the early Tang Dynasty. In the late Tang Dynasty, Zhang Du's Xuanshizhi recorded the whole story and was named Yi Fu's Tomb. Its basic plot is: Yingtai, the daughter of Zhu in Shangyu, pretending to be a man's clothing, and studying in Huiji. I wish I could go home first. Two years later, Shan Bo came to me. I knew she was a woman and told her parents to look for a job. I wish I was named Ma Ziyi. After Shan Bo, Yin Ling died of illness and was buried in the west of the city. I wish Sima, the ship passed the ancient tomb, and the wind and waves could not get in. Ask if there is a tomb of Sambo. I wish I had boarded the ship, and the ground suddenly cracked and sank. I wish I could be buried together. Xie An, the prime minister of Jin Dynasty, wrote his tomb and said: The tomb of the adopted daughter. There are several legends of women disguised as men in the Collection of Comments compiled by Feng Menglong in Ming Dynasty, and their stories are also found in ancient and modern novels Li, Li, Li and Li. Legends are not only told in scripts, but also made into operas. After the re-creation of scripts and operas, the anti-feudal significance has been increased. The Legend of Liang Zhu, based on real life, is legendary, with a harmonious and unified tragic ending and idealized ending. It exposes the evils of feudal arranged marriage and praises pure and free love. Liang Zhu's story begins with a woman disguised as a man and ends with an anti-feudal theme, which is an important development. The legendary anti-feudal thought is getting stronger and stronger, so it is more popular with the people.
Today's legend of Liu Sanjie
Folk customs of Zhuang nationality in China. According to legend, there is a third-ranked woman named Liu Sanjie in Zhong Jian Village, Xiajianhe, Yishan District, western Guangxi, who is reborn as an oriole and likes to sing folk songs. Young people from far and near sing the opposite, but they can't win. Hard-working and simple Li Dongyang Shi Tian asked to learn songs from Third Sister. Mo Huairen, the rich man, saw that Third Sister was beautiful and could sing. He wanted to be a concubine and hired someone to sing against Third Sister, who was defeated. At this time, Li has learned a good song and often sings it with Third Sister. Mo Huairen bears a grudge. Finally, Third Sister fell into the river. Third sister drifted to Longzhou, sang songs with Li for three days and nights, and drifted away. Later, they sang a duet in Qixingyan, Guilin for 7 days and 7 nights and became a pair of orioles. The legend of Liu Sanjie fully embodies the thoughts, aspirations and creative talents of the Zhuang people. It is of reference value to the study of social customs and folk literature and art of all ethnic groups in southern China.