Introduction to ancient Hebrew literature

Hebrews are the ancient names of Jews and Israelis today. The Hebrew State is located in Canaan (present-day Palestine) in southwest Asia, that is, from the east coast of the Mediterranean to the Jordan River and the Dead Sea, with a small area and a long and narrow terrain. Hebrews belong to the Mediterranean type of Europa and Semite. Hebrew belongs to the Semitic family of language families. Originally nomadic in the two river basins, 15 BC and 14 BC. Under the influence of Phoenicia, Hebrew characters were created and literature began to appear. BC12nd century, a new enemy invaded from the islands in the eastern Mediterranean. The Philistines occupied several fortified cities in Canaan and renamed Canaan "Palestine", which means "the land of the Philistines". The war between the Hebrews and the Philistines was very frequent and arduous, which became one of the important themes of Hebrew literature, and also promoted the unity of the internal tribes and established a unified kingdom as soon as possible. In 1 1 century BC, the Israeli-Jewish kingdom was established, and Saul was elected as the first king (from BC 1028 to BC 10 13). After Saul's death, David succeeded to the throne (BC 1065438+ 03-973 BC), and the country became strong, driving the Philistines out of the country and controlling the caravan road from Phoenicia to Egypt. Slave economy flourished unprecedentedly, and literature and art flourished. The reign of David's son Solomon (973-933 BC) was called the golden age. After Solomon's death, the kingdom split into Israel and Judea (922 BC) and killed each other. Reflected in literary works, especially in the Book of the Prophet, "Prophet" constantly exposes and accuses the rich of bullying the poor, and the social atmosphere degenerates.