The name of Guanzhong began in the Warring States period. It is generally believed that there are three passes in the west (Daguan Pass), Hangu Pass in the east, Wuguan Pass in the south and Xiaoguan Pass in the north, among the four passes (Tongguan Pass in the east and Jinsuo Pass Pass in the north). The pass extending in all directions, coupled with the two natural barriers of the northern Shaanxi Plateau and the Qinling Mountains, has made Guanzhong a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. Guanzhong has fertile land, criss-crossing rivers and mild climate, which is called "Huang Jincheng Thousand Miles", "Land of Abundance" and "Land of Four Blocks" in history books. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, 12 dynasties established their capitals here, which lasted for more than 1 100 years. In addition, the cradle of Chinese civilization is in the Yellow River basin, and the cradle of Yellow River civilization is in the Weihe River basin (Guanzhong). According to myths, legends and archaeological excavations, Yan Di and Huangdi from western China are recognized as the earliest kings and "ancestors of mankind". The ancestral homes and tombs of Yan Di and Huangdi are in Guanzhong area. Archaeological excavations have confirmed that Guanzhong is one of the most important and concentrated cradles of ancient civilization in China. There are Lantian and Dali cultures hundreds of thousands of years ago, as well as Banpo culture, a typical representative of Yangshao culture. For example, Jiangzhai, Lintong, Banpo and Baoji's cockfighting platform in Xi 'an are the earliest cradles of primitive agriculture in China, forming the earliest production technologies such as farming, building houses, weaving and pottery making, and even creating the earliest characters. Among the cultural relics unearthed in Xi 'an, there are a series of evidences of the earliest culture in China, such as the earliest agricultural and fishery tools in Banpo, the earliest pottery kiln, the earliest Wen Tao, the earliest civil buildings and the earliest bone carving head in Jiawan. Guanzhong Plain is a well-deserved cradle of Chinese civilization and one of the most important centers of human origin and prehistoric culture in Asia.