In fact, I think to learn classical Chinese well, we should do more topics or read more books on classical Chinese, and translate more articles and stories in classical Chinese to improve the level of classical Chinese. Classical Chinese teaching is an important part of Chinese teaching, and classical Chinese test questions are the highlight of college entrance examination. Students often ask, how to learn classical Chinese well so as not to lose points in the college entrance examination? I think if we can pay attention to the following points, we can learn classical Chinese well and improve the hit rate of the college entrance examination.
First of all, we must have relevant historical knowledge. As the saying goes, literature and history are not separated. Everyone lives in an era, and the politics, economy and culture of this era will certainly have an impact on him. Therefore, only by understanding the era of this person's life can we understand the connotation of his works. For example, Qu Yuan advocated reform and hoped that Chu would be strong, but the king of Chu was "confused by Zheng Xiu at home and bullied by Zhang Yi abroad", alienated Qu Yuan first, and then exiled him to the Miluo River, which made his reform ambition impossible and buried him in the river. Knowing this history, it is much easier for us to understand Li Sao.
Second, have relevant cultural common sense. China's ancient culture is profound and rich in connotation, and many contents are constantly evolving with the development of history. Such as name and title, official position and imperial examination, geographical knowledge, patriarchal manners and customs, clothing and utensils, calendar criminal law, ancient book annotation style, etc., are greatly different from ancient times to modern times. Although students don't need to master all these contents, they should also accumulate what they encounter in their studies as their own knowledge reserves, so that they can call them at any time in classical Chinese learning and exams.
Third, learn to "solve the belly of the ancients with the heart of the present." We live in today's society, and in the face of disasters, we will unite as one. In the face of ugliness, they will attack and lash; We will work together to resist external humiliation. In fact, this kind of thoughts and feelings are in the same strain. In the face of external humiliation, Wen Tianxiang wrote: "Since ancient times, no one has died, keeping the heart of Dan to shine in the history of history." Facing the sufferings of the people, Du Fu wrote: "The wine in Zhumen stinks and the bones on the road freeze to death." Therefore, when we study ancient Chinese, we should be good at comparing and associating the feelings of the ancients with those of today, so as to try to figure out the thoughts of the ancients and accurately understand the essence reflected by classical Chinese.
Fourth, grasp the teaching materials and lay a solid foundation for classical Chinese. When learning classical Chinese, we must master the knowledge points that appear in textbooks: ① Phonetic sounds, including polyphonic characters and different reading characters. ② Meaning, including ancient and modern different meanings, polysemy and flexible use of parts of speech. ③ Sentence patterns in classical Chinese, including special sentence patterns and complex sentences in classical Chinese.
Fifth, to learn a classical Chinese, we should do the following: first, grasp the article as a whole and understand its main contents; Secondly, put the understanding of paragraphs into the overall grasp of the text; Third, in the specific language environment, we can further understand the words in the context; Finally, on the basis of the first three conditions, further understand the deep meaning of the article. In short, if you can do the above in your usual study, you will lay a solid foundation for the college entrance examination.
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Classical Chinese refers to the general written language based on ancient Chinese before the May 4th Movement. Classical Chinese refers to articles written in classical Chinese.
In the new Chinese textbook issued by the Ministry of Education in 2000, the proportion of classical Chinese in the first year of high school has risen to 50%, and the weight of classical Chinese in the Chinese test paper of the college entrance examination is also increasing. This really brings great difficulties to our study, and students are afraid of difficulties. In fact, it is not difficult to learn classical Chinese well, as long as we start from the following two aspects:
First, master the correct learning methods.
1, repeat. In the Song Dynasty, Zhu said, "Read it a hundred times, and you can understand yourself. You read well, you don't need to explain, and you know what it means. " The ancients were very clever. When children enter school, the teacher doesn't talk much about theory, but asks them to recite the three-character classics, the four books and the five classics over and over again, and the meaning of the article will naturally be understood. Mr. Li Guotao, a famous literary critic and novelist, said: "China's ancient poetry and prose can't be ignored. If you don't understand or don't fully understand at that time, just recite it first. " Mr. Guo Moruo also said, "The book recited as a child, like a big iceberg, will slowly melt with age, and once it melts, it will be a huge wealth." It can be seen that the easiest and quickest way to learn classical Chinese is to read more and recite more, so as to reach the realm of "knowing 300 poems of Tang poetry, knowing how to recite without writing".
2. Word accumulation. Learning classical Chinese is like learning a foreign language. Without enough vocabulary, everything is a castle in the air and an armchair strategist, so vocabulary accumulation is the basis of learning classical Chinese well. Word accumulation can be divided into two categories: content word accumulation and function word accumulation. Relatively speaking, content words are easier to remember, while function words are more difficult to remember, because function words in classical Chinese are abstract in meaning, frequently used and flexible in usage. At this time, it is not difficult to remember with some flexible and ingenious methods. For example, there are 23 places where the function word "er" is used in "Zuiwengting Ji" by Ouyang Xiu, and we can classify its usage into five kinds, which is easier to remember.
(1) "Deep-flowing fish fertilizer" means parallel relationship;
(2) "The sunrise makes the forest blossom" means to inherit the relationship;
(3) "Miscellaneous, but the former", indicating the relationship of modification;
(4) "Less drunk, but the highest age" indicates a progressive relationship.
⑤ "Birds know the joy of mountains, but don't know the joy of people", which indicates a turning point.
3. Grammatical induction. In a classical Chinese, students are confused by the use of fallacies, prepositions and postpositions, and different meanings between ancient and modern times. What should I do? We might as well use induction to classify and summarize. We can draw a brief table and mark the common words, movable parts of speech, ancient and modern different meanings, polysemy, interrogative sentences, judgmental sentences, passive sentences, ellipsis sentences and variant sentences in the table, which will be clear at a glance and easy to remember.
Second, establish a correct learning attitude.
1, love classical Chinese and cultivate interest. Some students complained that we don't need classical Chinese today, so why should we learn anything? This statement is very poor: First of all, classical Chinese is the bearing form of all ancient cultures in China. Medicine, mathematics, astronomy and geography are all written in classical Chinese and have been handed down to this day. Classical Chinese is a valuable asset with a long history. If we don't understand it, how can we appreciate the classicality and profoundness of China culture? Secondly, most idioms and allusions in modern Chinese come from classical Chinese. For example, these well-known and concise idioms are all from classical Chinese, not to mention: seeking fish from the edge of wood (Yu Zi Huiliang Wang Shang), making friends and attacking near (Warring States policy, Qin Ce III), refusing to eat because of choking (Lu Chunqiu's party soldiers), and being approachable (Historical Records Lu Zhougong). Thirdly, classical Chinese contains rich philosophy of life, which can not only cultivate our sentiment, but also guide us to be a man: "Zou Ji's satire can be adjusted, and Qi Wang" tells us to be calm and carefully analyze the praise of others; "Ten Thoughts on Emperor Taizong" warns us to "be prepared for danger in times of peace and refrain from extravagance and thrift" ... The benefits of classical Chinese are far more than these. "The best stimulus of learning is learning materials". Only by loving classical Chinese from the heart can we learn it well.
2. To overcome laziness, the word "diligence" comes first. "There is a road to diligence in Lushan, and there is no limit to learning the sea." The hardships and diligence in learning classical Chinese are particularly prominent. Impressive articles should be memorized, countless notes should be memorized one by one, and grammar that often appears should be mastered in all directions. Without diligence, it is absolutely impossible. The biggest enemy of learning classical Chinese is laziness, and only students who are diligent in reciting and writing can learn it well.
How about, such a treasure house-classical Chinese, if you go to dig, as long as you do the above two aspects, classical Chinese is not difficult to learn, right
If you are sure of my answer, please choose the best answer, which is my greatest affirmation.