1. Chronological style: a genre of history books. Chronological history books record historical events according to the year number of the living emperor (that is, in chronological order).
There are Zi Jian, Confucius Chunqiu and Chunqiu Sanzhuan: Zuo Qiuming's Zuozhuan (also known as Chunqiu Zuoshi Zhuan), Chunqiu Zhuan and Chunqiu Zhuan.
Among them, Chunqiu is the earliest chronological history book in China, and it is said that it was compiled and revised by Confucius according to Chunqiu compiled by Lu historians.
2. National style: taking the country (host country) as the main body of records, that is, recording history by country classification.
One is the Mandarin written by Zuo Qiuming in the Spring and Autumn Period; The better is the Warring States Policy compiled by Liu Xiang in the early Han Dynasty.
Among them, Guoyu is the earliest national history book in China, also known as Ji Guo, which is a historical prose work of some countries. It started in western Zhou Muwang and ended in Lu Daogong in the early Warring States period, including the history of Zhou, Lu, Qi, Jin, Zheng, Chu, Wu and Yue.
3. Biography: a form of history books that narrates historical facts in the form of biographies. That is, recording history with the activities of characters as the center is to do biographies for characters.
The representative works include Historical Records and The History of the Three Kingdoms, all of which are biographies.
Among them, Historical Records is the earliest biographical history book in China and the best history book in China, which was compiled by Sima Qian in the Western Han Dynasty.
The difference between chronological style, biographical style and national style;
1, different genres
Biography reflects history through the activities of characters. It is a genre of historical books initiated by Sima Qian, which began in Historical Records. Chronological style takes time as a clue to describe history, which began with the Spring and Autumn Annals revised by Confucius. "National Style" is a historical narrative with the country as the unit, which began with "Guoyu" and was handed down by Zuo Qiuming, a historian in the Spring and Autumn Period. 2, the narrative focus is different:
Biography reflects the historical events at that time through a person's activities in a certain historical period. In other words, biographies focus on historical figures. Chronological style focuses on time and records historical events in strict accordance with the year, month and day. Specifically, it is something that happened on a certain day of a certain year, which is a bit like a memorabilia. The focus of the national system is the vassal States, which mainly records the words and deeds of relevant figures in a vassal state. 3. Different advantages and disadvantages:
Biography has a wider scope, which is conducive to highlighting some key figures in history. But it also often leads to the exaggeration of some historical figures. Chronological style takes time as the center, which can clearly reflect the time of historical events and their relationship. However, a historical event cannot be fully displayed, so that some key historical figures are submerged in the long river of history. The national style pays attention to the record of real history, which is relatively objective, but there are various theories, and the ideological theme will be more complicated. Moreover, because the historical events between the countries concerned are recorded in the units of vassal States, it is inevitable that there will be repeated records.