Royal Collection: Wenyuan Pavilion in Ming Dynasty and Royal Historical Pagoda The high red wall of the Forbidden City in Beijing separates the royal family from folk customs. The centralization of power, strict hierarchy and the kindness of the emperor have deeply branded the palace culture and art in the red wall.
Imperial palaces in all previous dynasties were traditional collections, and professional institutions were set up to store books and archives, such as Shiqu Pavilion and Lantai Pavilion in Han Dynasty, Dongguan Pavilion and Renshou Pavilion in Han Dynasty, Hong Wen Pavilion, History Pavilion and Jixian Pavilion in Tang Dynasty, Zhao Wen Pavilion, Jixian Pavilion and History Pavilion in Song Dynasty, Zhang Kui Pavilion, Secretary Supervisor in Yuan Dynasty and Wen Yuan Pavilion in Ming Dynasty.
Wen Yuan Pavilion was first built in Nanjing. Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty attached great importance to this matter. After mastering the shortage of books in the library, he ordered the minister of rites to select people who knew the works as operation specialists, and to explore wills all over the country and actively expand the collection at all costs. When Beijing was building the Forbidden City in Beijing, it was specially stipulated to build another Wen Yuan Pavilion after Nanjing. The completed Wen Yuan Pavilion is located on the east side of Daqingmen and at the south end of the Cultural Hall. This is not only a library, but also a cabinet office. Originally, the house was small and compact, and only after it was rebuilt in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty did it have a slight scale of operation.
In the middle of the pavilion is a statue of Mencius and Sipei, and the office of the cabinet system is located up and down. The west of the exhibition hall is the building of the system. Ge Dong is a small yard dedicated to storing books. The world says, "The Secret Pavilion is the most magnificent among the teachers, and you are spacious and spacious. It is said that this is the wooden sky. " To put it bluntly, the "Secret Pavilion" is the Wen Yuan Pavilion. Only in the late Ming Dynasty, the Wen Yuan Pavilion was burned down, so we can only imagine the magnificent scenery of that day according to this passage.
Beijing: At that time, it was one of the national sculpture centers.
The Ming Dynasty is a period of great development trend of papermaking. With its advantages in politics, metallurgy, culture and art, Beijing has become one of the national book engraving centers. Unlike the extremely strong folk seal cutting in the southern seal cutting center, the focus of seal cutting in Beijing depends on the official online seal cutting.
In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, attached great importance to cultural and artistic work, and specially set up an organization to publish and engrave books in the palace cavity, the most important of which was the company. Li Si Prison is a unique organizational system of the imperial palace in the Ming Dynasty, ranking first among the "twelve prisons" in terms of eunuch and palace affairs management methods, and its business major is responsible for engraving books. The influence of Si Lijian was not great at first, but rose rapidly in the second half of the Ming Dynasty. Well-known eunuchs, such as Wang Zhen, Liu Jin and Wei Zhongxian, are all senior officials of Silijian. With the expansion of the overseers' power in Li Si, the business scale of engraving books in this factory has also expanded.
During the ten years of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (153 1), there were craftsmen 1583 in Li Si prison, of which nearly 1300 were mainly engaged in engraving books, which was more than double the vacancy during the Hongwu period. It is also subdivided into paper workers, calendar cutters, typesetters, printers, folding imposition workers, mounters, pen makers, painters, black ink workers and other technical jobs, with a very high level of systematization. Because the budget is guaranteed, and it is also used by the royal family and the government, the books engraved in factories are generally printed in very large sizes, with spacious styles, sparse lines and words as big as money.
Printing is more common in writing on a board with a pen, similar to Zhao Mengfu's calligraphy in Yuan Dynasty, and is called "Zhao Ti". Commonly used printing paper is also very important, mostly white cotton paper, tentacle tv is soft and stretches the air. The carved books are mainly orthodox classics and historical classics, such as The Complete Book of Five Classics, Notes to Four Books, Jade, Guang Yun, Zi Zhi Tong Jian, Zhenguan Dignitary, Officials of Various Departments, Daming Grand Ceremony, Imperial edict, Daming Law, and the unified annals of Daming. There are also some children's books in peacetime.