In the fifty-ninth year of Kangxi (1720), when Li E presided over the provincial examination in Zhejiang, he saw Li E's paper and greatly appreciated it. Li E was recommended for the exam that year. After entering Beijing, Tang You once appreciated poetry, but failed to be admitted to Jinshi. In the first year of Qianlong (1736), he was recommended by Cheng Yuanzhang, the governor of Zhejiang Province, to take the "Bo Zi" exam. In the exam, Karen was wrongly placed in front of the poem, which made him fall into Sun Shan again. Since then, I have never been an official.
Li E is a representative figure of Ci school in the middle period of western Zhejiang, and he has high attainments in Ci. On the issue of Ci school, he praised the Southern School of Song Ci headed by Jiang Kui and Zhang Yan, and belittled the Northern School of Xin Qiji and others. Li E uses "Qing" and "Ya" as the standard of words. He advocates that in terms of artistic characteristics, ci should be quiet and elegant, graceful and cold; In the sense of works, words should properly express the author's pure feelings and send them with lofty aspirations but not vulgar. The Wonderful Notes of Good Words, co-edited by him and Cha, became the most influential praise work after Zhu Yizun's Comprehensive Words in the Southern Song Dynasty. In addition, Li E is also good at writing poems, especially five-character poems. He is as famous as Hang Shijun. In Biography of the Qing Dynasty, he said: "For poetry, it is profound and clean, and it is unique, and it is unique outside Xincheng (Wang Shizhen) and Xiushui (Zhu Yizun)." Li E likes reading and learning, and knows all the anecdotes after the Song and Yuan Dynasties.
He is the author of Xie Fan Mountain Residence Collection, Chronicle of Song Poetry, Liao History Collection, Miscellaneous Notes of Dongcheng, Miscellaneous Poems of Southern Song Dynasty, etc. Among them, The Miscellaneous Poems of Southern Song Dynasty is noted by various books and valued by historians.
Early life
Li E was born on May 2nd in the 31st year of Kangxi (1692 June 16) and died on September 11th in the 17th year of Qianlong (1752 June 17). He lived in Cixi, Zhejiang, and then moved to Qiantang. Grandfather Dajun, father wizard, are all cloth clothes. He ranks second, teacher and brother, disciple Shan. When he was a teenager, his father died and his family was poor. The whole family lives by selling tobacco leaves on the stone platform. Forced by family life, I was almost sent to the temple by the stone stage, and then I insisted on not becoming a monk.
Seeking knowledge and making progress
Although life is hard, Li E has a strong thirst for knowledge. He worked hard. "After studying for several years, he studied poetry and had good sentences." Later, he dabbled extensively. "I read everything, and my income was spent on poetry." When he was weak, he swam from Hangkean, but Kean's son Shi Jun was four years younger than him. He called Keane Mr and became good friends with Shi Jun. He is withdrawn and inexperienced, but he loves to travel. Every "encounter a victory, then drum and climb, involved enough, including all eyes, everything you see is intimate." The landscape of Jiangsu and Zhejiang inspired his heroic poems; The charming scenery enriched his wonderful imagination. In the embrace of nature, the poor son soon grew into a poet.
The young poet seems dissatisfied with the social reality, but there is nothing he can do. He felt that "instead of looking at people with white eyes, why bother to ask questions?" Therefore, the poems of antique people express their wandering thoughts and feelings through wandering immortals. In the forty-ninth year of Kangxi (17 12), Li E wrote "Hundreds of Poems about Immortals" and soon wrote "Hundreds of Poems about Immortals". These two poems about immortals are fresh and elegant, but the poet still feels that his words are still unfinished. In fifty-two years (17 13), he wrote Hundred Poems of Wandering Immortals, which was praised by friends. "Being able to walk with a literati is really a great talent of celebrities." He himself said smugly: "Xie Yi wrote 300 butterfly poems that year, and people called him Xie Die. If there are people in the world who know me, will they give alms as gifts? "
Teach students
In fifty-three years (17 14), Li E was hired to teach Wang Sheting's two children, wang pu and Wang Ling. Here, he was treated with courtesy, and food and accommodation were well taken care of. The Wangs are strict with their children, and Li E, as a teacher, does her best and teaches seriously. From fifty-three to fifty-seven years (17 18), I worked as a teacher in the Wang family. Under his professor, wang pu and Wang Ling have made great progress in their studies. Wang Ling, in particular, later became a celebrity and always admired his teacher.
Be an official in the exam
In fifty-nine years (1720), Li E took the provincial examination, and the examiner was Li E, a bachelor of cabinet. During the trial, Li Bi looked at his paper and his thank-you form, and sighed, "This must be a poet!" "Admission immediately. After the middle school entrance examination, Li E boarded a ship to the north and prepared to take the exam in Beijing. At this time, he was less than 30 years old, and it was his first time in Beijing. The excitement can be imagined. Along the way, he wrote more than 10 poems. However, his interest in sightseeing along the way seems stronger than his hope of trying Chinese style. In the poem "Love in the Snow in Guangling Building", he wrote: "Stay in the Lord and be a wanderer. I am indifferent to life and I am not addicted to it. Laugh and be happy, and give up when you encounter difficulties. I'll make an empty bag and turn it into a tired old friend. Because my family is poor, I feel sorry for Shang Gao. A bundle of books covers your sleep, and the flowers break your nose. The paper pavilion is not very wide, separated by flying dust. Because of this, I asked my hometown, and Nanhu didn't bother to speak. "
In Beijing, Li E's poems were appreciated by Tang Youzeng, assistant minister. Li E reported it in spring. You once poured wine, made his bed, sent greetings and invited Li E to his home. Li E received the letter, but left without saying goodbye. The next day, when you greeted him, he had already disappeared. "The speaker is the corporal of the assistant minister, and Saint Fan Xie is unfamiliar with people." On the way home, Li E wrote a poem and sighed: "I used to be a pavilion road, but it was like seeing it first." Shame is the praise of my father, so I don't read books for the time being. Willow blows swallow, river scares spiny fish. There is no need to grieve for Chu Yu, have a good rest and remember my home. "
Make friends with literati
After returning to his hometown, Li E became more enthusiastic about traveling and poetry. With the spread of poems and songs, he made more scholars, and became very close to Jin, Fu Zeng, Jin Nong and so on, and often wrote poems for fun together as a poetry club. Yangzhou salt merchants Ma Yueyan and Ma Yuelu brothers are good at Confucianism. They are "obsessed with ancient books and making friends with mountains and rivers" and have a rich collection of books at home. Scholars and celebrities have come to visit, and Li E has also exchanged visits every year, becoming a frequent visitor to Ma's family. In Ma Shi's pavilion in Xiaoling Mountain, he discussed and read a lot of books. He and his brother Ma and other Zhejiang poets formed the Hanjiang Yin Society and sang "No Virtual Day". During the Yongzheng period, he passed through Hangzhou, made friends with Li E and became friends of the poetry club. They discuss classics and history together, study their stories and write poems for peace. From the last years of Kangxi to the early years of Yongzheng, Li E and Zhe, Wu Zhuo, Chen, Fu Zeng, and others wrote 8 volumes of Southern Song Dynasty Academy Painting, 4 volumes of Qiu Linqinya, 2 volumes of Dongcheng Miscellaneous Notes, and Lake Boat Records 1 volume.
In the ninth year of Yongzheng (173 1), Li Wei, the governor of Zhejiang, ordered the compilation of Zhejiang Tongzhi. Twenty-eight people, including Li E and Hang Shijun, were employed as assistant teachers. With the efforts of Li E, Hang Shijun and others, Zhejiang Tongzhi began editing two years later, which was another embarrassing year.
Fall behind again
In the first year of Qianlong (1736), Cheng Yuanzhang, the governor of Zhejiang Province, recommended 18 learned men, including Li E and Jun.. However, Li E has no intention of taking the exam. Quan specially wrote from Beijing to persuade him, hoping that he could "inspire the king with the monarch and minister of Jin". At the suggestion of a friend, Li E went to Beijing again. Among these scholars, Li E's poetics is outstanding. As Hang Shijun said, "There are three scholars in my division, ranking first in the world. Taihong's poems, Zhiwei's ancient prose and Shao Yi's textual research are unparalleled in modern times. " Unfortunately, in the exam, Li E mistakenly wrote the theory in front of the poem, and was the last one. Friends all sighed for this, but he simply said, "I don't feel official, but now I have a careless nature, and I am willing to finish my work."
Die of poverty
After Li E returned to his hometown, he was poor and sickly because of his inability to treat diseases. After two years of Qianlong (1737), he coughed and wheezed in summer, and gradually got better in autumn. Moved to Dongcheng in five years (1740) and suffered from foot disease. In the old society, despite the hardships of life, literati still had concubines. In the sixth year (174 1 year), Emma fell ill, and Li e made a vow to pay for medicine, but died in the first month of the seventh year (1742) because of ineffective treatment. After that, Li E became weaker and weaker, suffering from lung disease, toothache and other diseases. During this period, his life was barely maintained by gifts and subsidies from friends. Because he was old and had no children, Ma Yueyan sponsored him to marry a concubine, Liu Ji. However, Liu Ji felt uneasy about poverty and left him soon.
In his later years, Li E succeeded in writing despite his poverty and illness. He was deeply impressed by the brevity of Liao history, collecting more than 300 books and writing 24 volumes of Liao history. This book has annotations and supplements, mainly based on old history and referring to other books. The articles are listed as follows. Where there are similarities and differences, they are all analyzed and verified and commented. He often compares himself to Pei Songzhi as a reflection note. He also compiled a 100 volume Chronicle of Song Poetry by using a large number of anthologies of Song poets he saw in Xiaolongshan Museum, citing books such as Poems, Stories, Mountain Classics and Hai Ji.