Jade can be divided into nephrite and jadeite, which are two different minerals:
The colors of nephrite are translucent white, yellow, green and black, and the colors are evenly distributed. As for jadeite, there are mainly white, purple, yellow and green, and the uniformity of color distribution among different germplasm will be different. The vast majority of jades produced in China are nephrite, and "sheep fat white jade" is a treasure in nephrite, with delicate texture and white color. Many exquisite jade works of art are carved from nephrite. The hardness of nephrite is mostly between 4 and 7.
Jadeite is mainly produced in Myanmar and is even rarer than nephrite. Because jade is superior to nephrite in quality, color and price, jade ornaments on the market are mainly jade, and the demand of consumers is very great, so we focus on jadeite. Generally, the hardness of jadeite is usually around 7. The hardness of corundum (also known as ruby and sapphire) is generally 9.
Extended data:
China is the earliest and most extensive country in the world to exploit and utilize jade. There are many records in ancient books, and the names are also very miscellaneous, such as Shuiyu, Heritage Jade, Peiyu, Xiangyu, Nephrite and so on. Tremolite nephrite unearthed from Chahai site in Fuxin city, Liaoning province is about 8000 years ago (early Neolithic age), which is the earliest known real jade in the world.
The most famous jade in China is Hetian jade in Xinjiang, which, together with dushan jade in Henan, xiuyan jade in Liaoning and lantian jade in Shaanxi, is called the four famous jade in China.
Jade is a relatively valuable mineral. Jade is rich in trace elements such as zinc, iron, copper, manganese, magnesium, cobalt, selenium, chromium, titanium, lithium, calcium, potassium and sodium. The embellishment of jade can eliminate impetuous heart, the color of jade can delight bored heart, and the purity of jade can purify dirty heart. Therefore, a gentleman loves jade and hopes to find natural aura in the jade body.
Jade is the beauty of stone, with positive, moist and pure color. The same is true of precious stones. Its value does not depend entirely on the composition, and most jadeites are worthless. Like people, every nation produces heroes.
Regarding the concept of jade, jade in a broad sense should have three characteristics:
First, the material meets the requirements of "beautiful stone";
Second, it has the basic style of typical jade in modeling;
Third, jade articles must be made by special jade-making methods, such as grinding and drilling, rather than ordinary stone-making techniques. Furthermore, the jade articles studied should have a certain historical age, and their historical and cultural values must be emphasized.
colour
Nephrite mainly includes white jade, sapphire, topaz, purple jade, jet, jasper, sapphire and ruby. Among them, topaz such as engine oil is top grade, purple jade is usually light pink, jet jade is jade with many black spots on jasper, and sapphire is dull blue and white jade. Usually white jade is the best.
Emerald is jade, and its colors are white, purple and green. It can be called ice land (white) or green land (green). Green is the best. Tri-colored jadeite is also called "Taoyuan Jieyi" or "Fu Lushou".
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-jade